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Resurgence of measles virus infection in an eliminated country, Sri Lanka

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第5期17卷 208-213页

作者： Merennage Anusha Yasanthi Fernando Gankandage Prabhath Chathuranga Kaanthaka Gunaradha Abeygunasekara Dedunu Dias Weligamage Janaki indira Abeynayake Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of ColomboSri Lanka Department of Virology Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka Department of Medical Administration Medical Research InstituteColombo 08Sri Lanka

Objective:To describe the situation of measles in Sri Lanka from May to November,2023 and to define the role of virology laboratory towards case confirmation and epidemiological and genetic characterization of the ***:This retrospective study analyzed all samples tested for measles from 1st of May to 30th of November,2023 at National Measles Rubella Laboratory,Sri *** to the World Health Organization(WHO)algorithm,serum and oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs were tested with WHO recommended kits for anti-measles IgM and measles virus specific RNA,*** RNA positive samples were sequenced at reference laboratory,*** of sequencing data and construction of phylogenetic tree were carried out at National Measles Rubella *** was analyzed using descriptive ***:Of the total 1132 serum samples and 497 oropharyngeal/nasopharyngeal swabs from 1326 patients,657(49.5%)patients were confirmed as measles by anti-measles IgM,measles virus specific RNA or ***(55.6%,n=365)and the age group from>20 to≤30 years(33.0%,n=217)predominated positive *** provinces reported measles positive *** samples sequenced(100%,n=42)were genotype D8 with 95.2%(n=40)bearing *** ***:We described resurgence of measles in an eliminated country,confirming the genotype to be D8,one of the two genotypes currently circulating ***,the study strongly convinced the importance of a strengthened virological surveillance system in an eliminated country,despite its eliminated status.

关键词： Measles elimination Resurgence of measles Sri Lanka Genotype D8 National Measles Rubella Laboratory

Spatial analysis of the osteoarthritis microenvironment: techniques, insights, and applications

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 1-19页

作者： Xiwei Fan Antonia Rujia Sun Reuben S.E.Young Isaac O.Afara Brett R.Hamilton Louis Jun Ye Ong Ross Crawford indira Prasadam Centre for Biomedical Technologies Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Mechanical Medical&Process EngineeringQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Central Analytical Research Facility Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQLDAustralia Molecular Horizons University of WollongongWollongongNSWAustralia Department of Technical Physics University of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty of EngineeringArchitecture and Information TechnologyUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia The Prince Charles Hospital BrisbaneQLDAustralia

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a debilitating degenerative disease affecting multiple joint tissues,including cartilage,bone,synovium,and adipose *** presents diverse clinical phenotypes and distinct molecular endotypes,including inflammatory,metabolic,mechanical,genetic,and synovial ***,innovative technologies are needed to support the development of effective diagnostic and precision therapeutic *** analysis of bulk OA tissue extracts has limitations due to technical constraints,causing challenges in the differentiation between various physiological and pathological phenotypes in joint *** issue has led to standardization difficulties and hindered the success of clinical *** insights into the spatial variations of the cellular and molecular structures in OA tissues,encompassing DNA,RNA,metabolites,and proteins,as well as their chemical properties,elemental composition,and mechanical attributes,can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the disease *** resolved biology enables biologists to investigate cells within the context of their tissue microenvironment,providing a more holistic view of cellular *** advances in innovative spatial biology techniques now allow intact tissue sections to be examined using various-omics lenses,such as genomics,transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics,with spatial *** fusion of approaches provides researchers with critical insights into the molecular composition and functions of the cells and tissues at precise spatial ***,advanced imaging techniques,including high-resolution microscopy,hyperspectral imaging,and mass spectrometry imaging,enable the visualization and analysis of the spatial distribution of biomolecules,cells,and *** these molecular imaging outputs to conventional tissue histology can facilitate a more comprehensive characterization of disease *** review summarizes the rec

关键词： insight Spatial enable

Detection and Classification of Diabetic RetinopathyThrough Identificationof Blood Vessel Thickness Using FOFF& ML Classifiers

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New series) 2024年

作者： G.indira Devi D.Madhavi Electronics and Communication Engineering， Anil Neerukonda Institute of Technology and Sciences Department of Electrical， Electronics and Communications Engineering， GITAM University

Diabetes is a significant issue in the medical field. The detection and identification of the humaneye diseases caused byexcessive blood sugar levels in diabetes mellitus are important. The main objective of this study is to propose a viable solution for diagnosis using fundus images. This study presents a stage by stage implementation methodology. The original fundus image is first pre-processed， then the blood vessels are segmented， and finally the features are extracted and classified. This work uses an effective way to introduce a meta-heuristic algorithm. Blood Vessel Segmentation (BVS) is vital in DR (Diabetic Retinopathy) detection; hence， this research proposes a Firefly-Optimized Frangi based Filter (FOFF). Categorizing the disease is the last *** classifier K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN) has an accuracy of 91.62%， while the SVM does well with an accuracy score of 95.54%.

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Diagnostic Dilemma of Intracardiac Mass: Tumor versus Thrombus-Case Series and Systematic Review

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 141-150页

作者： indira Acharya Ashik Pokharel Raktim Ghosh Christopher J. Haas Department of Internal Medicine Internal Medicine Residency Program Medstar Health Baltimore MD USA Department of Cardiology MedStar Union Memorial Hospital MedStar Health Baltimore MD USA School of Medicine Georgetown University Washington D.C. USA

Background: The differential diagnosis for intracavitary cardiac masses is limited, typically including vegetations, tumors, or thrombi. Cardiac thrombi can often mimic cardiac tumors on imaging, creating a diagnostic challenge. Primary cardiac tumors are rare and usually benign, whereas most cardiac tumors result from metastases, commonly originating from malignancies in the breast, lung, or melanoma. Aim: This report highlights the importance of distinguishing various cardiac masses based on clinical presentations, clinical courses, and radiological features. Case Presentation: We describe two cases of cardiac masses with unique and diverse clinical features. Each case posed significant diagnostic challenges due to their distinct presentations and clinical progressions. Conclusion: These cases underscore the importance of considering both benign and metastatic origins in the differential diagnosis of intracavitary cardiac masses. Accurate differentiation between thrombi and tumors is crucial for appropriate management and treatment.

关键词： Echocardiography Cardiac Masses Arrhythmias Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Cardiac Thrombi

Surgical Management of Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis with Instrumentation at the Yaounde Central Hospital: Comparison of Unilateral versus Bilateral Pedicle Screw Fixation Combined with Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第3期14卷 179-189页

作者： Orlane Toto Ndome Nassourou Oumarou Haman Dimitri Fogue Jean Bruno Ndoumou Ronaldo Fonju Anu indira Baboke Vincent De Paul Djientcheu Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Neurosurgery Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Neurosurgery Yaounde General and Central Hospitals Yaounde Cameroon Cameroon Academy of Young Scientists Yaounde Cameroon

Introduction: The choice of adopting unilateral pedicle screw fixation or using bilateral pedicle screw fixation in lumbar spinal stenosis remains controversial. In our context, very few studies have been performed comparing the clinical effectiveness of unilateral versus bilateral fixation in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis. Objective: Evaluate the impact on quality of life and clinical efficacy of unilateral spondylodesis compared to bilateral spondylodesis in the surgical management of lumbar spinal canal stenosis at the Yaounde Central Hospital. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study for a period of 4 years, from June 2015 to June 2019. It involved all patients operated for lumbar canal stenosis and who underwent spondylodesis or spinal fusion at the neurosurgery department of the Yaounde Central Hospital. Results: A total of 68 participants were recruited during our study period. 32 (47%) of the study population were in the 50 - 60 age group, with a mean age of 56.98 years ranging from 41 to 75 years. Females, housewives and farmers were the most affected. In our study, 72% of patients had unilateral spondylodesis and 28% had bilateral fusion. Preoperatively, 71% of patients had insurmountable pain, refractory to medical treatment. At 3 months postoperatively, 73.7% of patients with bilateral setup had moderate pain compared to 69% of those with unilateral setup. At 6 months postoperatively, 79% of patients with bilateral fusion had mild pain compared to 82% of patients with unilateral setup. At 1 year postoperatively, all patients had mild pain. Preoperatively, 66.2% of patients were unable to walk and 19.1% of patients were bedridden according to the Oswestry score. At 3 months postoperatively, 10.2% of patients with unilateral setup were unable to walk compared to 10.5% of patients with bilateral fixation, while 67.3% of patients with unilateral fixation had moderate disability compared to 52.6% of patient

关键词： Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis Instrumentation Surgery Quality of Life

Current Epidemiology of Intracranial Metastases in Two University Teaching Reference Hospitals of the Town of Yaounde, Cameroon: Analysis of 35 Cases Recorded in the Neurosurgery Departments

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2024年第2期14卷 124-136页

作者： Nassourou Oumarou Haman Ronaldo Fonju Anu Orlane Ndome Toto Bello Figuim indira Baboke Marguerite Gwladys Nzedzou Vincent de Paul Djientcheu Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Department of Neurosurgery Yaounde General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialties Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Neurosurgery Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Neurosurgery Garoua General Hospital Garoua Cameroon

Background: The incidence of intracranial metastases (ICMET) has been steadily rising, and its frequency with respect to primary brain tumours is relatively high. Objective: The objectives of this study were to elucidate the current epidemiology and describe the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features of ICMET in Yaounde. Method and findings: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the neurosurgery departments of the General and Central Hospitals of Yaounde during the period from January 2016 to December 2022. We included all medical booklets of patients admitted for a tumoral intracranial expansive process with our target population being patients with histological evidence of ICMET, and did a retrospective inclusion of data using a pre-established technical form aimed at collecting sociodemographic data, clinical data, paraclinical data, and the treatment procedures. Analysis was done using the SPSS statistical software. A total of 614 cases of intracranial tumors were included among whom 35 presented histological evidence of ICMET. This gives a frequency of 5.7%. The sex ratio was 0.94, the mean age was 55.68 +/- 14.4 years, extremes 28 and 86 years and the age range 50 - 59 was affected in 28.57% of cases. The clinical presentation included signs of raised intracranial pressure (headache, blurred vision, vomiting) in 26 cases (74.3%), motor deficit 48.6%, seizures 17.1%. The mode of onset was metachronous in 71.4% and synchronous in 28.6%. The imaging techniques were cerebral CT scan in 82.9%, cerebral MRI in 40%, TAP scan in 22.9%. The metastatic lesions were supratentorial in 94.3% and single in 62.9%. The primary cancers found were breast cancer (31.4%), lung cancer (25.7%), prostate cancer (17.1%), thyroid cancer (5.7%), colon cancer (2.9%), and melanoma (2.9%). The therapeutic modalities were total resection (68.6%), radiotherapy (37.1%). Conclusion: Intracranial metastases are relatively frequent. There is a female sex predominance and the ag

关键词： Intracranial Metastases Epidemiology Yaounde

Contingency Reserve Evaluation for Fast Frequency Response of Multiple Battery Energy Storage Systems in a Large-scale Power Grid

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2023年第3期9卷 873-883页

作者： indira Alcaide-Godinez Feifei Bai Tapan Kumar Saha Rizah Memisevic School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering the University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering the University of Queensland(UQ)BrisbaneQLD 4072 School of Engineering and Built Environment Griffith UniversityGold CoastQLD 4222Australia EPEC Group BrisbaneQLD 4014Australia

Recently,the fast frequency response(FFR)service by large-scale battery energy storage systems(BESSs)has been successfully proved to arrest the frequency excursion during an unexpected power ***,adequate frequency response relies on proper evaluation of the contingency reserve of *** BESS FFR reserve is commonly managed under fixed contracts,ignoring various response characteristics of different BESSs and their coexisting *** paper proposes a new methodology based on dynamic grid response and various BESS response characteristics to optimise the FFR reserves and prevent the frequency from breaching the under-frequency load shedding(UFLS)*** superiority of the proposed method is demonstrated to manage three large-scale BESSs operating simultaneously in an Australian power grid under high renewable penetration ***,the proposed method can identify remaining battery power and energy reserve to be safely utilised for other grid services(e.g.,energy arbitrage).The results can provide valuable insights for integrating FFR into conventional ancillary services and techno-effective management of multiple BESSs.

关键词： Fast frequency response(FFR) fast frequency contingency reserve multiple large-scale battery energy storage system(BESS) synthetic inertia requirement under-frequency load shedding(UFLS)

Enhancement of Essential Oil Yield from Melaleuca Leucadendra *** by Lignocellulose Degradation Pre-Treatment Using Filamentous Fungi

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2021年第4期6卷 379-386页

作者： Tjokorda I.indira Khairul Hadi Burhan Robert Manurung Ana Widiana Department of Bioengineering School of Life Science and TechnologyInstitute of Technology BandungIndonesia Agriculture and Bioproduct Technology Research Group Institute of Technology BandungJl.Raya Jatinangor Km 20.75Sumedang 45363Indonesia Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences and Technology Sunan Gunung Djati UniversityJl.A.H.Nasution No.105Bandung 40614Indonesia

The essential oil from Melaleuca leucadendra *** has been widely used as a perfume and traditional remedy,cosmetics and pharmaceutical products ingredient since many years *** common technology to recover the oil is hydro-distillation and ***,all oil can not be fully extracted from the leaves by this method due to the recalcitrant structure of leaves that hindrance the access of the *** a submerged fermentation as a pretreatment step prior to the extraction process helped to loosen the lignocellulose structure and enhance oil release in the extraction *** this study,the raw materials were collected from the natural forest in Buru Island,Maluku,*** biological agents applied in these processes were Phanerochaete chrysosporium ITBCC136 and Trichoderma viride *** oil extraction process was conducted by method of steam-distillation,the oil was analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy(GC-MS),and the lignocellulose content in the biomass was measured by the fractionation *** treatment using *** provided the highest increase in yield percentage up to 3.47%as compared with control of 1.45%,with the lowest percentages of the remained cellulose,while the fermentation with the presence of *** did not affect the oil yield even the lignin content was decrease as much as 21%.The percentages of 1,8-cineole in the oil were almost unchanged,which was about 20%of the oil.

关键词： Cajuput oil Cineole Filamentous fungi Lignocellulose biodegradation Phanerochaete chrysosporium Trichoderma viride

Diagnostic efficacy of Ziehl-Neelsen method against fluorescent microscopy in detection of acid fast bacilli

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第4期3卷 328-329页

作者： Soham Gupta Vishnu Prasad Shenoy indira Bairy Muralidharan S Department of Microbiology St.Johns Medical CollegeBangaloreKarnatakaIndia 560034 Department of Microbiology Kasturba Medical collegeManipalKarnatakaIndia 576104

Objective:To investigate the application of Ziehl-Neelsen(Z-N) and fluorescent microscopy in detection of acid fast bacilli(AFB).Methods:Duplicate smears were prepared from 260 sputum samples and stained with Z-N and fluorescent staining(FS) *** efficiency of both methods in primary diagnosis of tuberculosis were ***:The smears were positive for AFB in 15(5.77%) samples by Z-N staining method and in 16(6.15%) samples by FS *** sensitivity and specificity of Z-N staining method against FS method were 93.75% and 100%***:Though lesser cost-effective than Z-N,FS method is a more sensitive and better case finding tool in detection of AFB.

关键词： Tuberculosis Acid fast bacilli Ziehl-Neelsen Fluorescent microscopy