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Turning in mid-air allows aphids that flee the plant to avoid reaching the risky ground

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第5期12卷 409-420页

作者： Yonatan MERESMAN Matan BEN-ARI Moshe inbar Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaHaifaIsrael Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael

When forced to drop from the plant,flightless arboreal insects can avoid reaching the risky ground by maneuvering their body through the *** wingless pea aphids(Acyrthosiphon pisum)are threatened by natural enemies,they often drop off their host plant while assuming a stereotypic posture that rotates them in mid-air,aligning them with their feet pointing *** position may increase their chances of re-clinging onto lower plant parts and avoid facing the dangers on the ground,although its effectiveness in realistic field conditions has not been *** performed both laboratory and outdoor experiments,in which we dropped aphids upon host plants to quantify clinging success in plants with different characteristics such as height and leaf *** aphids had twofold higher clinging rates than dead ones,indicating that clinging success is indeed affected by the active aerial-righting of dropping *** ability to cling was positively dependent on the plants’foliage cover as viewed in vertical direction from ***,we released aphids in commercial alfalfa(Medicago sativa)fields with varying plant heights and foliage cover and induced them to ***(up to 75%)of the aphids avoided reaching the ground in taller plants(65 cm),and 17%in shorter plants(21 cm),demonstrating the efficiency of the aphids’response in averting risks:both those of an approaching enemy on the plant and the plethora of new risks on the ***,even in complex field environment,the aerial-righting mechanism can substantially reduce the possible risks following escape from a predator.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum aerial righting dropping response escape behavior predator avoidance

Identifying depression and its determinants upon initiating treatment: ChatGPT versus primary care physicians

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2023年第4期11卷 56-67页

作者： inbar Levkovich Zohar Elyoseph Oranim Academic College TivonIsrael Department of Psychology and Educational Counseling Max Stern Academic College Of Emek YezreelEmek YezreelIsrael Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College LondonLondonUK

Objective To compare evaluations of depressive episodes and suggested treatment protocols generated by Chat Generative Pretrained Transformer(ChatGPT)-3 and ChatGPT-4 with the recommendations of primary care *** Vignettes were input to the ChatGPT *** vignettes focused primarily on hypothetical patients with symptoms of depression during initial *** creators of these vignettes meticulously designed eight distinct versions in which they systematically varied patient attributes(sex,socioeconomic status(blue collar worker or white collar worker)and depression severity(mild or severe)).Each variant was subsequently introduced into ChatGPT-3.5 and *** vignette was repeated 10 times to ensure consistency and reliability of the ChatGPT *** For mild depression,ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 recommended psychotherapy in 95.0%and 97.5%of cases,*** care physicians,however,recommended psychotherapy in only 4.3%of *** severe cases,ChatGPT favoured an approach that combined psychotherapy,while primary care physicians recommended a combined *** pharmacological recommendations of ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 showed a preference for exclusive use of antidepressants(74%and 68%,respectively),in contrast with primary care physicians,who typically recommended a mix of antidepressants and anxiolytics/hypnotics(67.4%).Unlike primary care physicians,ChatGPT showed no gender or socioeconomic biases in its *** ChatGPT-3.5 and ChatGPT-4 aligned well with accepted guidelines for managing mild and severe depression,without showing the gender or socioeconomic biases observed among primary care *** the suggested potential benefit of using atificial intelligence(AI)chatbots like ChatGPT to enhance clinical decision making,further research is needed to refine AI recommendations for severe cases and to consider potential risks and ethical issues.

关键词： GPT treatment initiating

Assessing prognosis in depression:comparing perspectives of AI models,mental health professionals and the general public

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S1期12卷 34-42页

作者： Zohar Elyoseph inbar Levkovich Shiri Shinan-Altman Department of Psychology and Educational Counseling The Center for Psychobiological ResearchMax Stern Yezreel Valley CollegeYezreel ValleyIsrael Department of Brain Sciences Imperial College LondonLondonUK Faculty of Graduate Studies Oranim Academic CollegeTivonIsrael The Louis and Gabi Weisfeld School of Social Work Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat GanTel AvivIsrael

Background Artificial intelligence(AI)has rapidly permeated various sectors,including healthcare,highlighting its potential to facilitate mental health *** study explores the underexplored domain of AI’s role in evaluating prognosis and long-term outcomes in depressive disorders,offering insights into how AI large language models(LLMs)compare with human *** Using case vignettes,we conducted a comparative analysis involving different LLMs(ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT-4,Claude and Bard),mental health professionals(general practitioners,psychiatrists,clinical psychologists and mental health nurses),and the general public that reported *** evaluate the LLMs ability to generate prognosis,anticipated outcomes with and without professional intervention,and envisioned long-term positive and negative consequences for individuals with *** In most of the examined cases,the four LLMs consistently identified depression as the primary diagnosis and recommended a combined treatment of psychotherapy and antidepressant ***-3.5 exhibited a significantly pessimistic prognosis distinct from other LLMs,professionals and the ***-4,Claude and Bard aligned closely with mental health professionals and the general public perspectives,all of whom anticipated no improvement or worsening without professional *** long-term outcomes,ChatGPT 3.5,Claude and Bard consistently projected significantly fewer negative long-term consequences of treatment than *** This study underscores the potential of AI to complement the expertise of mental health professionals and promote a collaborative paradigm in mental *** observation that three of the four LLMs closely mirrored the anticipations of mental health experts in scenarios involving treatment underscores the technology’s prospective value in offering professional clinical *** pessimistic outlook presented by ChatGPT 3.5 is concerning

关键词： prognosis consequences offering

Adenosquamous carcinoma arising in a duplication cyst of the gallbladder

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2018年第4期7卷 317-319页

作者： Arie Ariche Michael Schvimer Yael inbar Yael Dreznik Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Chaim Sheba Medical CenterTel HaShomerIsrael(Affiliated to the Sackler School of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael) Institute of Pathology Chaim Sheba Medical CenterTel HaShomerIsrael(Affiliated to the Sackler School of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael) Diagnostic Imaging Department Chaim Sheba Medical CenterTel HaShomerIsrael(Affiliated to the Sackler School of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael) Department of Surgery and Transplantation Chaim Sheba Medical CenterTel HaShomerIsrael(Affiliated to the Sackler School of MedicineTel-Aviv UniversityTel-AvivIsrael)

A 52-year-old woman,previously healthy was admitted to another hospital due to right upper quadrant abdominal pain,fever and *** ultrasound demonstrated acute cholecystitis and lesion 8 *** diameter near the *** abdominal CT scan showed the lesion in close proximity to the gallbladder,with fat infiltration.A percutaneous drainage of the lesion under CT guidance yielded a substance which was bloody and purulent in *** patient improved clinically under antibiotics and was discharged from hospital with a recommendation for elective exploratory laparoscopy.

关键词： gallbladder admitted acute

Habitat fragmentation alters predator satiation of acorns

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 67-73页

作者： Xin Tong Yu-Xuan Zhang Rong Wang Moshe inbar Xiao-Yong Chen School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences East China Normal UniversityDongchuan Road 500Shanghai 200241China Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of Haifa199 Aba Khoushy Ave.Mount CarmelHaifa 31905Israel

Aims Acorn weevils(Curculio spp.),endoparasitic granivorous insects,impede recruitment of fagaceous trees,and in turn affect community structure and ecosystem *** studies have made considerable progress in elucidating local factors that contribute to seed predation by acorn weevils,but it is still not clear how habitat configurations interplay with local factors in influencing Curculio *** this study,we assessed the roles of crop size,landscape configurations(area and isolation)and their interactions on the predation rate of seeds by acorn *** We studied acorn weevils feeding on the seeds of Castanopsis sclerophylla(Fagaceae)on two peninsulas and nine islands with varying areas and isolation levels in the Thousand-island Lake in Chun’an County,Zhejiang Province of ***,crop size was estimated for 130 trees and predation status was assessed for 26207 seeds from these trees during two *** linear mixed models were performed to clarify how island area and isolation interplayed with crop size to determine predation rate on a single *** Findings A negative relationship was detected between crop size and seed predation rate,indicating predator satiation at the tree *** suggests that acorn weevils tend to stay sedentary once they have arrived at a suitable *** fragmentation had significant effects on seed predation such that predation rate was higher on larger,less isolated ***,the relationship between crop size and predation rate was significantly changed by both island area and *** finding highlighted that the effects of habitat isolation might be overlooked relative to those of habitat loss.

关键词： Castanopsis sclerophylla Curculio isolation limited dispersal predator satiation

Effect of patient COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy on hospital care team perceptions

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第4期11卷 821-829页

作者： inbar Caspi Ophir Freund Omer Pines Odelia Elkana Jacob N Ablin Gil Bornstein Internal Medicine Department B Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 6423906Israel Behavioral Sciences Department Academic College of Tel Aviv-YaffoTel Aviv 6818211Israel Internal Medicine Department H Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv 6423906Israel

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic posed new challenges in patient care ***,which have proven efficacious in lowering the COVID-19 hospital burden,are still avoided by large ***,therefore,hypothesized that hospital care teams would have worse perceptions regarding the characteristics and care of patients with vaccine *** To evaluate whether patient vaccine hesitancy affected the hospital care team(HCT)*** We performed a prospective clinical study using structured *** approached physicians and nurses with previous experience caring for COVID-19patients from 11 medical centers across Israel during the fourth COVID-19 surge(September and October 2021).The participants completed a questionnaire with the following parts:(1)Sociodemographic characteristics;(2)Assessment of anger(STAXI instrument)and chronic workplace stress(Shirom-Melamed burnout measure);and(3)Three tools to assess the effect of patient vaccine hesitancy on the HCT perceptions(the difficult doctor-patient relation questionnaire,the medical staff perception of patient’s responsibility questionnaire and the characterological derogation questionnaire).Results were evaluated according to each part of the questionnaire and the questionnaire as a *** between HCT perceptions and their baseline characteristics,anger or chronic workplace stress were *** The HCT experienced their relationship with unvaccinated patients as more difficult(P<0.001,Cohen’s d=0.85),perceived unvaccinated patients as responsible for their medical condition(P<0.001,d=1.39)and perceived vaccinated patients as having a higher character value(P<0.001,d=1.03).Unvaccinated patients were considered selfish(P<0.001),less mature(P<0.001)and less satisfying to care for(P<0.001).The relationship with unvaccinated patients was more difficult among HCT with higher burnout(r=0.37,n=66,P=0.002).No correlations with baseline characte

关键词： COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy Patient care Doctor-patient relationship Attitudes

Surface acoustic wave photonic filters with a single narrow radio-frequency passband in standard silicon on insulator

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Photonics Research 2022年第7期10卷 1723-1730页

作者： MOSHE KATZMAN MAAYAN PRIEL inbar SHAFIR SAAWAN KUMAR BAG DVIR MUNK NAOR inbar MOSHE FELDBERG TALI SHARABANI LEROY DOKHANIAN MATAN SLOOK AVI ZADOK Faculty of Engineering Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Institute for Nano-Technology and Advanced Materials Bar-Ilan UniversityRamat-Gan 5290002Israel Soreq NRC Yavne 81800Israel Tower Semiconductors Migal Ha’Emek 2310502Israel

Integrated microwave photonic filters are becoming increasingly important for signal processing within advanced wireless and cellular *** with narrow transmission passbands mandate long time delays,which are difficult to accommodate within photonic *** delays may be obtained through slow moving acoustic waves *** radio-frequency information can be converted from one optical carrier to another via surface acoustic waves and filtered in the ***,the transfer functions of previously reported devices consisted of multiple periodic passbands,and the selection of a single transmission band was not *** this work,we demonstrate surface acoustic wave,silicon-photonic filters of microwave frequency with a single transmission *** filter response consists of up to 32 tap coefficients,and the transmission bandwidth is only7 *** results extend the capabilities of integrated microwave photonics in the standard silicon-on-insulator platform.

关键词： filters pass microwave

The Natural History and Treatment Guidelines of Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma—A Case Report

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2011年第2期1卷 10-16页

作者： Or Cohen-inbar Euvgeni Vlodavsky Menashe Zaaroor 不详

Background and Importance: Lipomatous medulloblastoma (cerebellar liponeurocytoma) is a rare cerebellar tumor, with only twenty-nine cases reported, considered a distinct variant of medulloblastoma. The few cases described support an indolent nature for this tumor. We aim at defining the optimum treatment strategy and long-term behavior for this tumor entity. Clinical presentation: A 74 years old male presented on September 2010 complaining of mild dizziness and headache slowly progressing over a few months. This gentleman was operated on at our department some 18 years ago for a right cerebellar hemispheral lesion, defined as a liponeurocytoma. This patient received no adjuvant treatment. Current magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies disclosed a right hemispheral cerebellar mass, locally recurrent in the original surgical tumor bed. Gross total resection of the tumor was accomplished through a suboccipital craniotomy, with complete resection of the lesion. The histopathological diagnosis was defined as cerebellar liponeurocytoma. No adjuvant therapy was given as initially, after the first operation. Currently, the patient is alive, fully alert with minimal neurological deficits, Barthel index 90, Kernofsky performance status of 90 and with no evidence of disease on neuroimaging. Conclusion: This patient portrays this tumor’s natural history after surgical intervention with no adjuvant treatment, being the longest reported follow-up and recurrence. This distinct variant of medulloblastoma appears to have a uniquely favorable prognosis, even without adjuvant therapy. A complete surgical resection with close follow-up seems both sufficient and prudent.

关键词： Natural History Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma Recurrence in 18 Years

The development of microfabricated solenoids with magnetic cores for micromagnetic neural stimulation

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2021年第6期7卷 97-106页

作者： Adam Khalifa Mohsen Zaeimbashi Tony X.Zhou Seyed Mahdi Abrishami Neville Sun Seunghyun Park TamaraŠumarac Jason Qu inbar Zohar Amir Yacoby Sydney Cash Nian X.Sun Department of Neurology Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northeastern UniversityBostonMAUSA Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMAUSA Department of Physics Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA Department of Chemical and Biological Physics Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael

Electrical stimulation via invasive microelectrodes is commonly used to treat a wide range of neurological and psychiatric *** its remarkable success,the stimulation performance is not sustainable since the electrodes become encapsulated by gliosis due to foreign body *** stimulation overcomes these limitations by eliminating the need for a metal-electrode ***,we demonstrate a novel microfabricated solenoid inductor(80µm×40µm)with a magnetic core that can activate neuronal *** characterization and proof-of-concept of the device raise the possibility that micromagnetic stimulation solenoids that are small enough to be implanted within the brain may prove to be an effective alternative to existing electrode-based stimulation devices for chronic neural interfacing applications.

关键词： magnetic neural overcome