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Biased dispersal of Metrioptera bicolor, a wing dimorphic bush-cricket

Insect Science 2018年第2期25卷 297-308页

作者： ina monika margret heidinge silke hein heike feldhaar hans-joachim poethke Field Station Fabrikschleichach University of W（Jrzburg Rauhenebrach Germany W~sseri 8 CH-8816 Hirzel Switzerland Department of Animal Ecology I University of Bayreuth Bayreuth Germany Bavarian State Institute for Viticulture and Horti- culture Bee Research Center An der Steige 15 97206 VeitshSchheim Germany

In the highly fragmented landscape of central Europe, dispersal is of particular importance as it determines the long-term survival of animal populations. Dispersal not only secures the recolonization of patches where populations went extinct, it may also rescue small populations and thus prevent local extinction events. As dispersal involves different individual fitness costs, the decision to disperse should not be random but context- dependent and often will be biased toward a certain group of individuals （e.g., sex- and wing morph-biased dispersal）. Although biased dispersal has far-reaching consequences for animal populations, immediate studies of sex- and wing morph-biased dispersal in orthopterans are very rare. Here, we used a combined approach of morphological and genetic analyses to investigate biased dispersal of Metrioptera bicolor, a wing dimorphic bush-cricket. Our results clearly show wing morph-biased dispersal for both sexes of M. bicolor. In addition, we found sex-biased dispersal for macropterous individuals, but not for micropters. Both, morphological and genetic data, favor macropterous males as dispersal unit of this bush-cricket species. To get an idea of the flight ability ofM. bicolor, we compared our morphological data with that of Locusta migratoria and Schistocerca gregaria, which are very good flyers. Based on our morphological data, we suggest a good flight ability for macropters of M. bicolor, although flying individuals of this species are seldom observed.

关键词： aspect ratio dispersal traits flight muscle ratio Metrioptera bicolor sex-biased dispersal wing load wing morph-biased dispersal

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