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Progress of Materials and Devices for Neuromorphic Vision Sensors

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Nano-Micro Letters 2022年第12期14卷 239-271页

作者： sung Woon Cho Chanho Jo Yong-Hoon Kim sung Kyu Park Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Advanced Components and Materials Engineering Sunchon National UniversitySunchŏnJeonnam 57922Republic of Korea School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

The latest developments in bio-inspired neuromorphic vision sensors can be summarized in 3 keywords:smaller,faster,and smarter.(1)Smaller:Devices are becoming more compact by integrating previously separated components such as sensors,memory,and processing *** a prime example,the transition from traditional sensory vision computing to in-sensor vision computing has shown clear benefits,such as simpler circuitry,lower power consumption,and less data redundancy.(2)Swifter:Owing to the nature of physics,smaller and more integrated devices can detect,process,and react to input more *** addition,the methods for sensing and processing optical information using various materials(such as oxide semiconductors)are evolving.(3)Smarter:Owing to these two main research directions,we can expect advanced applications such as adaptive vision sensors,collision sensors,and nociceptive *** review mainly focuses on the recent progress,working mechanisms,image pre-processing techniques,and advanced features of two types of neuromorphic vision sensors based on near-sensor and in-sensor vision computing methodologies.

关键词： In-sensor computing Near-sensor computing Neuromorphic vision sensor Optoelectronic synaptic circuit Optoelectronic synapse

Effects of initial texture on deformation behavior during cold rolling and static recrystallization during subsequent annealing of AZ31 alloy

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第7期66卷 139-149页

作者： Sang Won Lee Gukin Han Tea-sung Jun sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering.Kyungpook National University Daegu 41566Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Incheon National UniversityIncheon 22012Republic of Korea

This study demonstrates that the initial texture of Mg alloy significantly affects the microstructure developed during cold rolling and the recrystallization behavior during subsequent annealing. In a sample with a texture oriented toward the normal direction(ND sample), thick and large-sized shear bands are intensively formed during cold rolling and the deformation is strongly localized along these bands. In contrast,in a sample with a texture oriented toward the transverse direction(TD sample), many {10-12} twins are formed at the early stage of cold rolling, and then, numerous small-sized shear bands are formed in these twins. Results of nanoindentation tests reveal that the cold-rolled ND sample has internal strain energy that is substantially concentrated along the shear bands, whereas the cold-rolled TD sample has a large amount of internal strain energy that is homogeneously distributed throughout the material;this latter behavior is strongly related to the extensive {10-12} twinning and the resultant microstructural variations in the TD sample. During subsequent annealing, recrystallization occurs locally along the shear bands in the ND sample, which leads to the formation of a bimodal grain structure comprising fine recrystallized grains and coarse unrecrystallized grains. In contrast, during subsequent annealing of the TD sample, static recrystallization occurs homogeneously throughout the material, which results in the formation of a uniform grain structure that mostly comprises equiaxed recrystallized grains.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Cold rolling Initial texture Twinning Static recrystallization

Texture tailoring and bendability improvement of rolled AZ31 alloy using {10-12} twinning: The effect of precompression levels

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2019年第4期7卷 648-660页

作者： Jong Un Lee Ye Jin Kim Sang-Hoon Kim Jeong Hun Lee Min-Seong Kim Shi-Hoon Choi Byoung Gi moon Young Min Kim sung Hyuk Park School of Materials Science and Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea Ulsan Regional Division Korea Institute of Industrial TechnologyUlsan 44413Republic of Korea Department of Printed Electronics Engineering Sunchon National UniversitySuncheonJeonnam 57922Republic of Korea Implementation Research Division Korea Institute of Materials ScienceChangwon 51508Republic of Korea

In this study,the texture of a rolled Mg alloy is effectively modified through the application of precompression and subsequent annealing treatment,leading to a remarkable improvement in the bending formability of the alloy at room *** induces lattice reorientation through{10-12}twinning,and annealing treatment reduces the stored strain energy of the precompressed material,which results in the formation of a stable grain structure with two dominant texture *** an increase in precompression,the tensile strain in the outer region of the bending samples is accommodated to a greater extent due to more pronounced{10-12}twinning and basal *** a result,the bending formability of the material at room temperature improves with greater *** variation in microstructure,texture,and bending behavior in relation to the degree of precompression is discussed in detail.

关键词： Magnesium Bending Formability Twinning Texture

Recovery of a degenerated corticospinal tract after injury in a patient with intracerebral hemorrhage:confirmed by diffusion tensor tractography imaging

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第5期10卷 829-831页

作者： You sung Seo sung Ho Jang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation College of MedicineYeungnam University

The corticospinal tract （CST） is a major neuronal tract of motor function in the human brain （York, 1987; Davidoff, 1990; Jang, 2014）. Recovery of an injured CST is one of the motor recovery mechanisms in stroke patients （Hendricks et al., 2003; Jang et al., 2006, 2007; Swayne et al., 2008; Kwon et al., 2011, 2013; Kwon and Jang, 2012; Yeo and Jang, 2013; Rong et al., 2014）. Diffusion tensor tractography （DTT）, derived from diffusion tensor imaging （DTI）, and transcra- nial magnetic stimulation （TMS） have been widely used in demonstrating the recovery of an injured CST （Hendricks et al., 2003; Jang et al., 2006, 2007; Swayne et al., 2008; Pannek et al., 2009; Kwon et al., 2011, 2013; Kwon and Jang, 2012; Yeo and Jang, 2013; Rong et al., 2014）. DTT has the advan- tage of enabling visualization of the architecture and integ- rity of the CST at the subcortical level in three dimensions （Mori et al., 1999; Kunimatsu et al., 2004）.

关键词： Recovery of a degenerated corticospinal tract after injury in a patient with intracerebral hemorrhage CST DTT ICH TMS

Speech Recognition via CTC-CNN Model

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第9期76卷 3833-3858页

作者： Wen-Tsai sung Hao-WeiKang sung-Jung Hsiao Department of Electrical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of TechnologyTaichung411030Taiwan Department of Information Technology Takming University of Science and TechnologyTaipei11451Taiwan

In the speech recognition system,the acoustic model is an important underlying model,and its accuracy directly affects the performance of the entire *** paper introduces the construction and training process of the acoustic model in detail and studies the Connectionist temporal classification(CTC)algorithm,which plays an important role in the end-to-end framework,established a convolutional neural network(CNN)combined with an acoustic model of Connectionist temporal classification to improve the accuracy of speech *** study uses a sound sensor,ReSpeakerMic Array v2.0.1,to convert the collected speech signals into text or corresponding speech signals to improve communication and reduce noise and hardware *** baseline acousticmodel in this study faces challenges such as long training time,high error rate,and a certain degree of *** model is trained through continuous design and improvement of the relevant parameters of the acousticmodel,and finally the performance is selected according to the evaluation ***,which reduces the error rate to about 18%,thus improving the accuracy ***,comparative verificationwas carried out from the selection of acoustic feature parameters,the selection of modeling units,and the speaker’s speech rate,which further verified the excellent performance of the CTCCNN_5+BN+Residual model *** terms of experiments,to train and verify the CTC-CNN baseline acoustic model,this study uses THCHS-30 and ST-CMDS speech data sets as training data sets,and after 54 epochs of training,the word error rate of the acoustic model training set is 31%,the word error rate of the test set is stable at about 43%.This experiment also considers the surrounding environmental *** the noise level of 80∼90 dB,the accuracy rate is 88.18%,which is the worst performance among all *** contrast,at 40–60 dB,the accuracy was as high as 97.33%due to less noise pollution.

关键词： Artificial intelligence speech recognition speech to text convolutional neural network automatic speech recognition

A survey on deep learning-based Monte Carlo denoising

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Computational Visual Media 2021年第2期7卷 169-185页

作者： Yuchi Huo sung-eui Yoon KAIST Daejeon31414Republic of Korea

Monte Carlo(MC)integration is used ubiquitously in realistic image synthesis because of its flexibility and ***,the integration has to balance estimator bias and variance,which causes visually distracting noise with low sample *** solutions fall into two categories,in-process sampling schemes and post-processing reconstruction *** report summarizes recent trends in the post-processing reconstruction *** years have seen increasing attention and significant progress in denoising MC rendering with deep learning,by training neural networks to reconstruct denoised rendering results from sparse MC *** of these techniques show promising results in real-world applications,and this report aims to provide an assessment of these approaches for practitioners and researchers.

关键词： rendering Monte Carlo(MC)denoising deep learning ray tracing

UBVVI Surface Photometry of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 300 in the Sculptor Group

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Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2004年第4期4卷 299-310页

作者： Sang Chul Kim Hwankyung sung Hong Soo Park Eon-Chang sung Korea Astronomy Observatory Taejon 305-348Republic of KoreaDepartment of Astronomy and Space ScienceSejong University98 Gunja-dongGwangjin-guSeoul 143-747Republic of KoreaAstronomy ProgramSEESSeoul National UniversitySeoul 151-742Republic of KoreaKorea Astronomy ObservatoryTaejon 305-348Republic of Korea

We present UBVI surface photometry over a 20.5' × 20.5' area of the late-type spiral galaxy NGC 300. We have derived isophotal maps, surface brightness profiles, ellipticity profiles, position angle profiles, and color profiles. By merging our I-band measurements with those of Boker et al. based on Hubble Space Telescope observations, we have obtained combined I-band surface brightness profiles for the region 0.02' < r < 500' and have decomposed the profiles into three components: a nucleus, a bulge, and an exponential disk.

关键词： galaxies: spiral - galaxies: photometry - galaxies: individual(NGC 300) - galaxies: nuclei

Zero-static-power nonvolatile logic-in-memory circuits for flexible electronics

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Nano Research 2017年第7期10卷 2459-2470页

作者： Byung ChulJang Sang Yoon Yang Hyejeong seong sung Kyu Kim Junhwan Choi sung Gap Im sung-Yool Choi School of Electrical Engineering Graphene/2D Materials Research Center Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Graphene/2D Materials Research Center Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea

Flexible logic circuits and memory with ultra-low static power consumption are in great demand for battery-powered flexible electronic systems. Here, we show that a flexible nonvolatile logic-in-memory circuit enabling normally-off computing can be implemented using a poly（1,3,5-trivinyl-l,3,5-trimethyl cyclotrisiloxane）（pV3D3）-based memristor array. Although memristive logic-in-memory circuits have been previously reported, the requirements of additional components and the large variation of memristors have limited demonstrations to simple gates within a few operation cycles on rigid substrates only. Using memristor-aided logic （MAGIC） architecture requiring only memristors and pV3D3-memristor with good uniformity on a flexible substrate, for the first time, we experimentally demonstrated our implementation of MAGIC-NOT and -NOR gates during multiple cycles and even under bent conditions. Other functions, such as OR, AND, NAND, and a half adder, are also realized by combinations of NOT and NOR gates within a crossbar array. This research advances the development of novel computing architecture with zero static power consumption for battery- powered flexible electronic systems.

关键词： memristor memristive logic circuit flexible nonvolatilelogic-in-memory circuit normally-off computing memristor-aided logic(MAGIC) architecture

Analgesic effects of JCM-16021 on neonatal maternal separation-induced visceral pain in rats

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第7期16卷 837-845页

作者： Joseph JY sung Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong

AIM:To investigate the pharmacological effect of JCM-16021,a Chinese herbal formula,and its underlying ***:JCM-16021 is composed of seven herbal plant *** raw materials of the formula were examined according to the quality control criteria listed in the Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005).In a neonatal maternal separation(NMS)model,male SpragueDawley rats were submitted to daily maternal separation from postnatal day 2 to day 14,or no specific handling(NH).Starting from postnatal day 60,rats were administered JCM-16021(2,4,8 g/kg per day)orally twice a day for 28 *** threshold pressure and electromyographic activities of external oblique muscles in response to colorectal distention recorded with a Power Lab System(AD Instruments International),were tested as pain *** in serotonin(5-HT)and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid(5-HIAA)concentrations in the colon of rats were analyzed;the enterochromaffin cell numbers and serotonin transporter in the colon of rats were also evaluated with an immunohistochemistry ***:NMS treatment significantly reduced pain threshold pressure(37.4±1.4 mmHg),as compared to that of NH rats(57.7±1.9 mmHg,P<0.05).After JCM-16021 treatment,the pain threshold pressure significantly increased when compared to that before treatment(34.2±0.9 mmHg vs 52.8±2.3 mmHg in the high dose group,40.2±1.6 mmHg vs 46.5±1.3 mmHg in the middle dose group,and 39.3±0.7 mmHg vs 46.5±1.6 mmHg in the low dose group,P<0.05).Also JCM-16021 significantly and dose-dependently decreased electromyographic activity to the graded colorectal distension(CRD),(the meanΔAUC values were:0.17±0.03,0.53±0.15,1.06±0.18,1.22±0.24 in the high dose group;0.23±0.04,0.68±0.17,1.27 ±0.26,1.8±0.3 in the middle dose group;and 0.29 ±0.06,0.8±0.16,1.53±0.24,2.1±0.21 in the low dose group for the pressures 20,40,60,80 mmHg),as compared to the NMS vehicle *** meanΔAUC values were:0.57±0.12,1.33±0.18,2.57±0.37,3.08±0.37 for the pressures 20,40,60,80 mmHg(P

关键词： Analgesia effect Neonatal maternal separation Visceral hyperalgesia Herbal medicine Serotonin pathway