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The anti-tubercular activity of Melia azedarach L. and Lobelia chinensis Lour. and their potential as effective anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis candidate agents

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第10期6卷 830-835页

作者： Won Hyung Choi in ah lee Department of Biomedical Science School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Department of Medical Zoology School of Medicine Kyung Hee University Department of Chemistry College of Natural Science Kunsan National University

Objective: To evaluate the anti-mycobacterial activity of Melia azedarach L.(M. azedarach) and Lobelia chinensis Lour.(L. chinensis) extracts against the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M. tuberculosis).Methods: The anti-M. tuberculosis activity of M. azedarach and L. chinensis extracts were evaluated using different indicator methods such as resazurin microtiter assay(REMA) and mycobacteria growth indicator tube(MGIT) 960 system assay. The M. tuberculosis was incubated with various concentrations(50–800 mg/m L) of the extracts for 5 days in the REMA, and for 4 weeks in MGIT 960 system ***: M. azedarach and L. chinensis extracts showed their anti-M. tuberculosis activity by strongly inhibiting the growth of M. tuberculosis in a concentration-dependent manner in the REMA and the MGIT 960 system assay. Particularly, the methanol extract of M. azedarach and n-hexane extract of L. chinensis consistently exhibited their effects by effectively inhibiting the growth of M. tuberculosis in MGIT 960 system for 4 weeks with a single-treatment, indicating higher anti-M. tuberculosis activity than other extracts,and their minimum inhibitory concentrations were measured as 400 mg/m L and 800 mg/m L, ***: These results demonstrate that M. azedarach and L. chinensis extracts not only have unique anti-M. tuberculosis activity, but also induce the selective antiM. tuberculosis effects by consistently inhibiting or blocking the growth of M. tuberculosis through a new pharmacological action. Therefore, this study suggests the potential of them as effective candidate agents of next-generation for developing a new anti-tuberculosis drug, as well as the advantage for utilizing traditional medicinal plants as one of effective strategies against tuberculosis.

关键词： Lobelia chinensis Lour. Melia azedarach L. MGIT 960 system Drug susceptibility Tuberculosis

Recognition of Association Between Blood Stasis Syndrome and Traumatic Injury among Doctors of Korean Medicine:A Cross-Sectional Observation Study

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第4期24卷 254-259页

作者： Jeeyoun Jung Mi Mi Ko Ju ah lee Myeong Soo lee Korean Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Objective： To investigate the diagnostic indicators and herbal treatments for blood stasis syndrome（BSS） patients with traumatic injuries and to identify the association between BSS and traumatic injury in Korea. Methods： Two-hundred and four patients with traumatic injury were recruited from the Gangnam and Daejeon branches of Jaseng Hospital of Oriental Medicine between June 2014 and December 2014. Two independent doctors of Korean medicine（DKMs） determined the diagnosis of BSS or non-BSS based on the subjects＇ signs and symptoms. The scores assigned to BSS symptoms and DKMs＇ reasons for diagnosing BSS in patients with traumatic injury were investigated. Both medication and herbal prescription records from a 3-month period were collected for all patients diagnosed with BSS by both DKMs. Results： A total of 169 of 204（82.8%） patients received consistent diagnosis related to BSS by two DKMs. Among them, 54.4%（92 cases） were diagnosed with BSS, and 45.6%（77 cases） were not diagnosed with BSS. DKMs most frequently cited symptoms of recent traumatic injury as justifications for BSS diagnoses, and also selected pain-related indicators such as abdominal pain, sharp pain and nocturnal pain as important reasons in diagnosing BSS. In addition, an inconsistency in the pattern identification theory with respect to traumatic injury was observed. Although only 92 cases（54.4%） of patients were diagnosed with BSS, 77.6% of them were prescribed decoctions for BSS. Conclusions： DKMs considered traumatic injury could cause BSS, and utilized decoction for BSS in patients with traumatic injury without confirming a diagnosis of BSS because they assumed the main symptoms or pathologies of traumatic injury to be closely related to BSS.

关键词： blood stasis syndrome Korean medicine traumatic injury herbal medicine diagnosis pattern identification

Advancements in hemostatic strategies for managing upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第15期30卷 2087-2090页

作者： ah Young lee Joo Young Cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135Korea

Upper gastrointestinal(GI)hemorrhage presents a substantial clinical *** management typically involves resuscitation and endoscopy within 24 h,although the benefit of very early endoscopy(leeding,preventing rebleeding,and using a multimodal approach encompassing endoscopic,pharmacological,angiographic,and surgical *** agents such as vasopressin,prostaglandins,and proton pump inhibitors are effective,but the increase in antithrombotic use has increased GI bleeding *** hemostasis,particularly for nonvariceal bleeding,employs techniques such as electrocoagu-lation and heater probes,with concerns over tissue injury from monopolar *** methods such as Hemospray and Endoclot show promise in creating mechanical tamponades but have ***,the first-line therapy includes thermal probes and hemoclips,with over-the-scope clips emerging for larger ulcer *** gold probe,combining bipolar electrocoagulation and injection,offers targeted coagulation but has faced device-related *** advancements involve combining techniques and improving endoscopic imaging,with studies exploring combined approaches showing *** research is crucial for developing standardized and effective hemorrhage management strategies.

关键词： Upper gastrointestinal bleeding Hemostasis Endoscopy Probe Spray Clip

Diagnostic Indicators for Blood Stasis Syndrome Patients with Gynaecological Diseases

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2018年第10期24卷 752-757页

作者： Jeeyoun Jung Mi Mi Ko Myeong Soo lee So Min lee Ju ah lee Korea Medicine Fundamental Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Clinical Research Division Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

Objective： To investigate the important diagnostic indicators for blood stasis syndrome （BSS） in patients of childbearing age with gynaecological diseases. Methods： A partial least squared-discriminant analysis （PLS-DA） were applied to BSS symptoms data of patients with gynaecological diseases, and the diagnostic indicators used by doctors of Korean medicine （DKMs） among BSS patients with gynaecological diseases were also investigated. Results： A total of 103 patients of childbearing age with gynaecological diseases and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Among the 103 patients, 63 （61.7%） and 40 （38.8%） were diagnosed with BSS and non-BSS, respectively, and BSS patients exhibited a more severe extent of disease. A score plot of PLS-DA showed clearly different patterns among the 3 groups. Based on the variable importance on projection of PLS-DA model, menstrual pains, dark lumps in the menstrual blood, ileocoecal tenderness and resistance, sharp pains, and sublingual varicosities were selected as the top five most important indicators. Moreover, more than 75% of DKMs chose dark lumps in menstrual blood, menstrual pain, and dark menstrual blood as the diagnostic indicators of BSS in patients with gynaecological diseases, and more than 49% of them also considered sharp pains, dark red tongue, sublingual varicosities, and tendency to bruise easily as diagnostic indicators of BSS. Conclusion： DKMs focused on menstrual symptoms and certain gynaecological symptoms to diagnose BSS patients of childbearing age with female diseases.

关键词： blood stasis syndrome diagnosis gynaecological disease pattern identification

Novel methylxanthine derivative-mediated anti-inflammatory effects in inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第5期20卷 1127-1138页

作者： In-ah lee Alan Kamba Daren Low Emiko Mizoguchi Gastrointestinal Unit Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Massachusetts General Hospital Harvard Medical School

Family 18 chitinases have a binding capacity with chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. Recent studies strongly suggested that chitinase 3-like 1(CHI3L1, also known as YKL-40) and acidic mammalian chitinase, the two major members of family 18 chitinases, play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD), bronchial asthma and several other inflammatory disorders. Based on the data from highthroughput screening, it has been found that three methylxanthine derivatives, caffeine, theophylline, and pentoxifylline, have competitive inhibitory effects against a fungal family 18 chitinase by specifically interacting with conserved tryptophans in the active site of this protein. Methylxanthine derivatives are also known as adenosine receptor antagonists, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inducers. Anti-in-flammatory effects of methylxanthine derivatives have been well-documented in the literature. For example, a beneficial link between coffee or caffeine consumption and type 2 diabetes as well as liver cirrhosis has been reported. Furthermore, theophylline has a long history of being used as a bronchodilator in asthma therapy, and pentoxifylline has an immuno-modulating effect for peripheral vascular disease. However, it is still largely unknown whether these methylxanthine derivativemediated anti-inflammatory effects are associated with the inhibition of CHI3L1-induced cytoplasmic signaling cascades in epithelial cells. In this review article we will examine the above possibility and summarize the biological significance of methylxanthine derivatives in intestinal epithelial cells. We hope that this study will provide a rationale for the development of methylxanthine derivatives, in particular caffeine,-based antiinflammatory therapeutics in the field of IBD and IBDassociated carcinogenesis.

关键词： Adherent-invasive Escherichia coli Chitinase 3-like 1 Chitinase inhibitors Intestinal epithelial cells Host-microbial interactions Inflammatory bowel disease

Clinical diagnostic advances in intestinal anastomotic techniques:Hand suturing,stapling,and compression devices

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第5期16卷 1231-1234页

作者： ah Young lee Joo Young Cho Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineCha Gangnam Medical CenterCha University College of MedicineSeoul 06135South Korea

The development of intestinal anastomosis techniques,including hand suturing,stapling,and compression anastomoses,has been a significant advancement in surgical *** methods aim to prevent leakage and minimize tissue fibrosis,which can lead to stricture *** healing process involves various phases:hemostasis and inflammation,proliferation,and *** staplers and sutures can cause inflammation and fibrosis due to the release of profibrotic *** anastomosis devices,including those made of nickel-titanium alloy,offer a minimally invasive option for various surgical challenges and have shown safety and ***,despite advancements,anastomotic techniques are evaluated based on leakage risk,with complications being a primary *** devices like Magnamosis use magnetic rings for compression anastomosis,demonstrating greater strength and patency compared to *** technology is also being explored for other medical *** there are promising results,particularly in animal models,the realworld application in humans is limited,and further research is needed to assess their safety and practicality.

关键词： Anastomoses Diagnostic advances,Anastomotic techniques Technique Intestine

Association between obesity-related adipokines and colorectal cancer:A case-control study and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第24期20卷 7941-7949页

作者： Rakhi Kumari Joshi Woo Jin Kim Sang-ah lee Department of Preventive Medicine Kangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheon-siGangwon-do 200-701South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Kangwon National University School of MedicineChuncheon-siGangwondo 200-701South Korea

AIM: To examine the association between obesity-related adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, resistin, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk.

关键词： Obesity Colorectal cancer Cancer risk Adipokines Obesity-related adipokines

Clinical significance of isolated biliary candidiasis in patients with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第5期15卷 533-539页

作者： In-Ho Kim Jae-Ki Choi Dong-Gun lee In Seok lee Tae Ho Hong Young Kyoung You Ho Jong Chun Myung ah lee Departments of Internal Medicine Division of Medical 0ncologySeoul St. Mary’s Hospital The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Departments of Internal Medicine Division of Infectious Diseases Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Division of Infectious Diseases Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Division of Gastroenterology Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Department of Surgery Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Department of Radiology Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Cancer Center Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea

BACKGROUND: The frequency of isolated biliary candidiasis is increasing in cancer patients. The clinical signiifcance of isolated biliary candidiasis remains unclear. We analyzed the risk factors of biliary candidiasis and outcomes of the patients with unresectable cholangiocarcinoma after percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD). METHODS: Among 430 patients who underwent PTBD between January 2012 and March 2015, 121 patients had unresectable cholangiocarcinoma. Bile and blood samples were collected for consecutive fungal culture. RESULTS: The study cohort included 49 women and 72 men with a median age of 71 years. Multivariate analysis showed that cancer progression (P=0.013), concurrent presence of another microorganism (P=0.010), and previous long-term (>7 days) antibiotic use (P=0.011) were potential risk factors of biliary candidiasis. Chemotherapy was not associated with overall biliary candidiasis (P=0.196), but was signiifcantly related to repeated biliary candidiasis (P=0.011). Patients with isolated biliary candidiasis showed remarkably reduced survival compared with those without (median overall sur-vival (OS): 32 vs 62 days,P=0.011)Subgroup analysis was also performed. Patients with repeated candidiasis had markedly decreased survival compared with those with transient candi-diasis (median OS: 30 vs 49 days,P=0.046). Biliary candidiasis was identiifed as a poor prognostic factor by univariate and multivariate analyses (P=0.033). Four cases of repeated can-didiasis (4/19, 21%) showedCandida species in consecutive blood culture until the end of the study, but others showed no candidemia. CONCLUSIONS: Isolated biliary candidiasis may be associ-ated with poor prognosis in patients with unresectable chol-angiocarcinoma. Especially, repeated biliary candidiasis may have the possibility of progression to candidemia. We suggest that biliary dilatation treatment or antifungal agents might be helpful for patients with biliary candidiasis.

关键词： biliary candidiasis biliary obstruction cholangiocarcinoma percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage

Understanding the creep behaviors and mechanisms of Mg-Gd-Zn alloys via machine learning

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第8期12卷 3281-3291页

作者： Shuxia Ouyang Xiaobing Hu Qingfeng Wu Jeong ah lee Jae Heung lee Chenjin Zhang Chunhui Wang Hyoung Seop Kim Guangyu Yang Wanqi Jie Graduate Institute of Ferrous and Eco Materials Technology(GIFT) Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Xi’an Rare Metal Materials lnstitute Co.Ltd Xi’an 710016China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology(POSTECH)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea DepartmentAdvanced Institute for Materials Research(WPI-AIMR) Tohoku UniversitySendai 980-8577Japan Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology Yonsei UniversitySeoul 03722South Korea

Mg-Gd-Zn based alloys have better creep resistance than other Mg alloys and attract more attention at elevated ***,the multiple alloying elements and various heat treatment conditions,combined with complex microstructural evolution during creep tests,bring great challenges in understanding and predicting creep *** this study,we proposed to predict the creep properties and reveal the creep mechanisms of Mg-Gd-Zn based alloys by machine *** the one hand,the minimum creep rates were effectively predicted by using a support vector regression *** complex and nonmonotonic effects of test temperature,test stress,alloying elements,and heat treatment conditions on the creep properties were *** the other hand,the creep stress exponents and creep activation energies were calculated by machine learning to analyze the variation of creep mechanisms,based on which the constitutive equations of Mg-Gd-Zn based alloys were *** study introduces an efficient method to comprehend creep behaviors through machine learning,offering valuable insights for the future design and selection of Mg alloys.

关键词： Mg-Gd-Zn based alloys Machine learning Creep rate Creep mechanism Constitutive equation