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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2021年第4期10卷 72-78页

作者： Sibtain Ahmed Jakob Zierk imran siddiqui Aysha Habib Khan Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine The Aga Khan UniversityKarachi 74800SindhPakistan Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine University Hospital ErlangenErlangen 91054Germany

BACKGROUND The indirect methods of reference intervals(RI)establishment based on data mining are utilized to overcome the ethical,practical challenges and the cost associated with the conventional direct approach.AIM To generate RIs for serum creatinine in children and adolescents using an indirect statistical tool.METHODS Data mining of the laboratory information system was performed for serum creatinine analyzed from birth to 17 years for both genders.The timeline was set at six years from January 2013 to December 2018.Microsoft Excel 2010 and an indirect algorithm developed by the German Society of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine’s Working Group on Guide Limits were used for the data analysis.RESULTS Data were extracted from 96104 samples and after excluding multiple samples for the same individual,we calculated RIs for 21920 males and 14846 females,with stratification into six discrete age groups.CONCLUSION Serum creatinine dynamics varied significantly across gender and age groups.

关键词： Creatinine Pediatric Reference intervals Indirect Data mining Pakistan

Update on clinical and research application of fecal biomarkers for gastrointestinal diseases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2017年第1期8卷 39-46页

作者： imran siddiqui Hafsa Majid Shahab Abid Section of Chemical Pathology Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Section of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Aga Khan University

Gastrointestinal(GI) diseases comprise a large spectrum of clinical conditions ranging from indigestion to inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs) and carcinomas. Endoscopy is the usual method employed to diagnose these condition. Another noninvasive way to assess and diagnose GI conditions are fecal biomarkers. Fecal biomarkers provide information regarding a specific disease process and are perhaps more acceptable to clinicians and patients alike because of their non-invasivity compared to endoscopy. Aim of this review was to evaluate the current status of the fecal biomarkers in clinical and research for in GI diseases. Multiple types of fecal biomarkers are discussed in this review including; markers to assess IBD, which are released as a results of an inflammatory insults to intestinal epithelia such as antimicrobial peptides(lactoferrin) or inflammation related proteins(calprotectin). While markers related to function of digestion are primarily related to partially digested food or mucosal proteins such as abnormal amount of fecal fat α1-antitrypsin, elastase and secretary IgA. The upcoming fecal biomarker like M2 pyruvate kinase and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin are discussed as well. Apart from above mention, the fecal biomarkers under exploration for possible clinical use in future are also discussed. These include cathelicidins, osteoprotegerin, β-glucuronidase, Eosinophil proteins, etc.

关键词： Biomarkers 胃肠的疾病发炎 Lactoferrin Calprotectin

Development of stability-preserving time-limited model reduction framework for 2-D and 1-D models with error bound

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Control Theory and Technology 2022年第3期20卷 371-381页

作者： Muhammad imran Syeda Hira Ambreen Syed Nooh Hamdani Muhammad imran Muhammad Ejaz Naveed Maria siddiqui Department of Electrical Engineering Military College of Signals(MCS)National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST)Islamabad43000Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering Sir Syed(Center For Advanced Studies)Institute of Technology(SSCASE)Islamabad43000Pakistan College of Science and Humanities Rumah Majmaah UniversityRumahKingdom of Saudi Arabia

Due to their complex structure,2-D models are challenging to work with;additionally,simulation,analysis,design,and control get increasingly difficult as the order of the model grows.Moreover,in particular time intervals,Gawronski and Juang’s time-limited model reduction schemes produce an unstable reduced-order model for the 2-D and 1-D models.Researchers revealed some stability preservation solutions to address this key flaw which ensure the stability of 1-D reduced-order systems;nevertheless,these strategies result in large approximation errors.However,to the best of the authors’knowledge,there is no literature available for the stability preserving time-limited-interval Gramian-based model reduction framework for the 2-D discrete-time systems.In this article,2-D models are decomposed into two separate sub-models(i.e.,two cascaded 1-D models)using the condition of minimal rank-decomposition.Model reduction procedures are conducted on these obtained two 1-D sub-models using limited-time Gramian.The suggested methodology works for both 2-D and 1-D models.Moreover,the suggested methodology gives the stability of the reduced model as well as a priori error-bound expressions for the 2-D and 1-D models.Numerical results and comparisons between existing and suggested methodologies are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the suggested methodology.

关键词： Model reduction Weighted Gramian Limited interval Gramian Minimal realization Approximation error Error bound

Privacy and security federated reference architecture for Internet of Things

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2023年第4期24卷 481-508页

作者： Musab KAMAL imran RASHID Waseem IQBAL Muhammad Haroon siddiqui Sohaib KHAN Ijaz AHMAD Department of Information Security National University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabad 44000Pakistan Faculty of Information Technology Majan University CollegeMuscat 112Oman

Physical objects are getting connected to the Internet at an exceptional rate,making the idea of the Internet of Things(IoT)a reality.The IoT ecosystem is evident everywhere in the form of smart homes,health care systems,wearables,connected vehicles,and industries.This has given rise to risks associated with the privacy and security of systems.Security issues and cyber attacks on IoT devices may potentially hinder the growth of IoT products due to deficiencies in the architecture.To counter these issues,we need to implement privacy and security right from the building blocks of IoT.The IoT architecture has evolved over the years,improving the stack of architecture with new solutions such as scalability,management,interoperability,and extensibility.This emphasizes the need to standardize and organize the IoT reference architecture in federation with privacy and security concerns.In this study,we examine and analyze 12 existing IoT reference architectures to identify their shortcomings on the basis of the requirements addressed in the standards.We propose an architecture,the privacy-federated IoT security reference architecture(PF-IoT-SRA),which interprets all the involved privacy metrics and counters major threats and attacks in the IoT communication environment.It is a step toward the standardization of the domain architecture.We effectively validate our proposed reference architecture using the architecture trade-off analysis method(ATAM),an industry-recognized scenario-based approach.

关键词： Architecturally significant requirement(ASR) Architecture trade-off analysis method(ATAM) Internet architecture board Internet of Things(IoT) Privacy enhancing technologies Privacy validation chain

New Levels of the Pr Atom with Almost Similar Energies

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2012年第4期2卷 88-94页

作者： Zaheer Uddin imran siddiqui Shamim Khan B. Gamper Esam H.Abdul-Hafidh L. Windholz Institute for Experimental Physics Univ. of Technology Graz Austria Departement of Physics Yanbu University College Yanbu AI Sanaiyah Saudi Arabia Department of Physics University of Karachi Karachi Pakistan

A Fourier transform (FT) spectrum of praseodymium (Pr) extending from UV to IR was investigated. Hyperfine (hf) structures of unclassified lines with sufficiently high signal to noise ratio (SNR) were analyzed and some new levels were found. We present these new levels in this work. Some of the new levels have energies almost equal to the energies of already known or other new levels, distinguished either by different values of angular momentum J or by their parity.

关键词：能量水平原子公关傅里叶变换信号噪声比奇偶校验红外线紫外线

Hyperspectral Imaging Based on Compressive Sensing: Determining Cancer Margins in Human Pancreatic Tissue <i>ex Vivo</i>, a Pilot Study

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2021年第4期11卷 115-131页

作者： Joseph Peller Cobey L. McGinnis Kyle J. Thompson imran siddiqui John Martinie David A. Iannitti Susan R. Trammell Department of Physics and Optical Science University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte USA Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte USA

Cancer is the second-leading cause of death in the United State and surgery remains the primary treatment for most solid mass tumors. However, accurately identifying tumor margins in real-time remains a challenge. In this study, the design and testing of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) system based on a single-pixel camera engine is discussed. The primary advantage of a single pixel architecture over traditional scanning HSI techniques is its high sensitivity and potential to function at low light levels. The objective for the imaging system described here is to detect changes in the reflectance spectra of tissue and to use these differences to delineate tumor margins. This paper presents the results of a 19-patient pilot study that assesses the ability of the HSI system to use reflectance imaging to delineate adenocarcinoma tumor margins in human pancreatic tissue imaged ex vivo. Pancreatic tissue excised during pancreatectomy was imaged immediately after being sent to the pathology lab. A pathologist sectioned the tissue and placed samples into standard tissue embedding cassettes. These tissue samples were then imaged using the HSI system. After imaging, the samples were returned to the pathologist for processing and analysis. The HSI was later compared to the histological analysis. The spectral angle mapping (SAM) and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms were used to classify pixels in the HSI images as healthy or unhealthy in order to delineate margins. Good agreement between margins determined via HSI (using both SAM and SVM) and histology/white light imaging was found.

关键词： Hyperspectral Imaging Cancer Detection Reflectance Spectroscopy Single Pixel Camera

Update on diagnostic value of breath test in gastrointestinal and liver diseases

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology 2016年第3期7卷 256-265页

作者： imran siddiqui Sibtain Ahmed Shahab Abid Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Section of Gastroenterology Department of MedicineAga Khan University

In the field of gastroenterology,breath tests(BTs) are used intermittently as diagnostic tools that allow indirect,non-invasive and relatively less cumbersome evaluation of several disorders by simply quantifying the appearance in exhaled breath of a metabolite of a specific substrate administered.The aim of this review is to have an insight into the principles,methods of analysis and performance parameters of various hydrogen,methane and carbon BTs which are available for diagnosing gastrointestinal disorders such as Helicobacter pylori infection,small intestinal bacterial overgrowth,and carbohydrate malabsorption.Evaluation of gastric emptying is routinely performed by scintigraphy which is however,difficult to perform and not suitable for children and pregnant women,this review has abridged the 13C-octanoic acid test in comparison to scintigraphy and has emphasized on its working protocol and challenges.A new development such as electronic nose test is also highlighted.Moreover we have also explored the limitations and constraints restraining the wide use of these BT.We conclude that breath testing has an enormous potential to be used as a diagnostic modality.In addition it offers distinct advantages over the traditional invasive methods commonly employed.

关键词： Breath tests Diagnostic techniques Lactase deficiency Gastrointestinal tract Helicobacter pylori

Railway Track Fault Detection Using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient from Acoustic Data using Chi Square

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2023年

作者： Furqan Rustam Abid Ishaq Muhammad Shadab Alam Hashmi Hafeez-Ur-Rehman siddiqui imran Ashraf Department of Information and Communication Engineering Yeungnam University Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Khawaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology School of Computer Science University College Dublin

Spatial, temporal, and weather elements like ballast, loose nuts, misalignment, and cracks due to rain, snow, and earthquakes may lead to railway accidents and cause human and financial loss. Manual inspection is erroneous, labor-intensive, and time-consuming.The automatic inspection provides a fast, reliable, and unbiased solution in this regard, however, ensuring high accuracy for fault detection is challenging due to the lack of public datasets, noisy data, high computer processing requirements, and inefficient models. This study presents an approach that uses Mel frequency cepstral coefficient features from the acoustic data. The dataset gathered using a customized railway cart from our previous research is used for experiments. The focus of the study is to increase the fault detection performance using selective features from the acoustic data. This study employs Chisquare(Chi2) for the selection of important features and involves performance analysis of machine learning and deep learning models using selected features. Experimental results suggest that using 60 features, 40 original features, and 20 Chi2 features, produces optimal results both regarding accuracy and computational complexity. A 100%accuracy can be obtained using the proposed approach with machine learning models. Moreover, this performance is significantly better than existing approaches.

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Millard-Gubler Syndrome in a Patient with Pontine Infarction: A Case Report

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2023年第2期13卷 23-28页

作者： Hamdan Iftikhar siddiqui Rangraze imran Rashid Aseilah Qaidy Department of Internal Medicine RAK Medical & Health Sciences University (RAKMHSU) Ras Al Khaimah (RAK) UAE Department of Medicine Fujairah Hospital Fujairah UAE

Millard-Gubler Syndrome is a rare neurological condition caused by damage to the sixth and seventh cranial nerves, as well as the corticospinal tract in the brainstem. It is characterized by the presence of ipsilateral facial paralysis and contralateral hemiplegia. We report a 55-year-old male patient who presented with sudden onset of left-sided weakness. Imaging revealed a pontine infarct. The patient therefore, was diagnosed with Millard-Gubler Syndrome also known as Ventral Pontine Syndrome based on his symptoms and imaging findings. He was treated with Aspirin and Atorvastatin and was referred to neurology for further consultation and to physiotherapy for his weakness. This case report highlights the importance of prompt recognition and diagnosis of Millard-Gubler Syndrome in patients with pontine infarction. Early identification especially with the use of high-resolution MRI can facilitate appropriate management and treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes.

关键词： Millard Gubler Syndrome Case Report Ischemic Stroke Pontine Infarction

Association of autoimmune hepatitis type 1 in a child with Evans syndrome

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第23期9卷 1008-1012页

作者： Chaowapong Jarasvaraparn Hamayun imran Abdul siddiqui Felicia Wilson David A Gremse Department of Pediatrics University of South Alabama Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionUniversity of South Alabama

Autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) is a progressive liver disease that is often associated with extrahepatic autoimmune disorders. Evans syndrome(ES) is a rare autoimmune disorder, which is characterized by immune thrombocytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Association of AIH with ES is rare, especially in children. We report a 3-year-old female with a past medical history of ES who presented with jaundice and significant transaminitis due to AIH type 1. She required multiple treatments with steroids as well as azathioprine, intravenous immunoglobulin and a course of rituximab.

关键词： Evans 症候群自体免疫的肝炎类型 1 孩子