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Galerkin Finite Element Study on the Effects of Variable Thermal Conductivity and Variable Mass Diffusion Conductance on Heat and Mass Transfer

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2018年第7期69卷 49-59页

作者： imran haider qureshi M.Nawaz Shafia Rana T.Zubair Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Institute of Space and TechnologyIslamabad

This article investigates the effects of variable thermal conductivity and variable mass diffusion coefficient on the transport of heat and mass in the flow of Casson fluid. Numerical simulations for two-dimensional flow induced by stretching surface are performed by using Galerkin finite element method(GFEM) with linear shape functions. After assembly process, nonlinear algebraic equations are linearized through Picard method and resulting linear system is solved iteratively using Gauss Seidal method with simulation tolerance 10^(-8). Maximum value of independent variableη is searched through numerical experiments. Grid independent study was carried out and error analysis is *** results are validated by comparing with already published results. Parametric study is carried out to explore the physics of the flow. The concentration increases when mass diffusion coefficient is increased. The concentration and thermal boundary layer thicknesses increase when ?_1 and ? are increased. The effect of generative chemical reaction on concentration is opposite to the effect of destructive chemical reaction on the concentration.

关键词： Galerkin 有限元素电导率可变集体学习传导数字模拟

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Changes in Phyto-Chemical Status upon Viral Infections in Plant:A Critical Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第1期90卷 75-86页

作者： Tehmina Bahar Adeeba Mahboob qureshi Fasiha Qurashi Muniba Abid Misbah Batool Zahra Muhammad Saleem haider Institute of Agricultural Sciences University of the PunjabLahore54590Pakistan Department of Forestry Range and Wildlife ManagementUniversity College of Agriculture and Environmental SciencesThe Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan

Most damaging plant diseases have been caused by viruses in the entire *** tropical and subtropical areas,the damage caused by plant virus leads to great economic and agricultural *** stranded DNA viruses(geminiviruses)are the most perilous pathogens which are responsible for major diseases in agronomic and horticultural *** begomoviruses and mastreviruses are the biggest genus of plant infecting viruses,transmitted though Bemisia tabaci and members of Cicadellidae *** possesses some naturally existing chemicals term as phyto-chemicals which perform important functions in the *** antioxidant enzymes are used by plants for selfdefense upon foreign invasion of *** review explains the present perceptive of influence of viral infections on phyto-chemicals,oxidative enzymes and biochemical changes occurring in the *** infection mediated phytochemical changes in plants mainly includes:up and down regulation of photosynthetic pigment,increase in the concentration of phenolic compounds,elevation of starch content in the leaf and up&down regulation of anti-oxidative enzymes including(GPX)guaiacol peroxidase,(PPO)polyphenol oxidase,(APX)ascorbate peroxidase,(SOD)superoxide dismutase and(CTA)*** changes lead to initiation of hypersensitive response,by thicken of the leaf lamina,lignification under the leaf surface,blocking to stomatal openings,systematic cell death,generation of reactive oxidative species(ROS),activation of pathogen mediated resistance pathways i.e.,production of salicylic acid and jasmonic *** all the physiological changes in the plant due to viral infection supports the activation of defense mechanism of the plant to combat against viral infection by limiting virus in specific area,followed with the production of barriers for pathogen,accumulation of starch in the leaf and excess production of(ROS).These strategies used by the plant to prevent the spread of viru

关键词： Anti-oxidative enzymes defense mechanism phyto-chemicals viral infection

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