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Improvement of Renewable Bioenergy Production in Microbial Fuel Cells with.Saponin Supplementation

Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2021年第2期11卷 82-93页

作者： Skylar Ch.i Yongjin Park immanuel h. anaborne Jin Sik Song Ji Woo h.n So h.un Jeon Jaewoo Kim James Kim Jinkwon Lee Paul S. Ch.ng h.race Greeley h.gh.Sch.ol Chappaqua NY USA Deerfield Academy Deerfield MA USA Oakton h.gh.Sch.ol Vienna VA USA Sch.ol of Arts & Sciences University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA Sch.ol of Arts & Sciences Emory University Atlanta GA USA Bach.lor of Science Villanova University Villanova PA USA College of Letters & Sciences University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Sch.ol of Arts & Sciences University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA Division of Biological Sciences Revelle College University of California San Diego CA USA Fuzbien Tech.ology Institute Rockville MD USA

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of renewable biofuel production tech.ology th.t directly converts biomass to electricity. Cellulosic biomass is particularly attractive renewable resources for its low cost and abundance and neutral carbon balance. h.wever, meth.nogenesis remains as a major factor limiting MFC performance. Th. current study reports th.t saponin addition at 0.05% w/v dose to anolyte in MFCs inhibited methanogenesis and improves power generation and cellulose fermentation. Mediator-less two chamber H-type MFCs were prepared using rumen fluid as anode inocula at 20% v/v of anolyte to convert finely ground pine tree (Avicel) at 2%, w/v to electricity. Saponin was added to the anode of MFC at 0.005% or 0.05% v/v dosage for treatment. MFC power and current across an external resistor were measured daily for 10d. On d10, collected gases from anode compartment were measured for total gas volume and analyzed for gas composition on gas chromatography. Supplementation of saponin to MFC at 0.005% did not have any effects on electricity generation or biogas production and composition. Saponin at 0.05% dose reduced 10% of meth.ne prod

关键词： Microbial Fuel Cells Saponin Bioenergy

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Renewable Biofuel Production Using Red Ginseng Marc in Microbial Fuel Cells

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Journal of Sustainable Bioenergy Systems 2022年第1期12卷 1-11页

作者： Sung Jun Jang immanuel h. anaborne Jacqueline E. Ch.ng Seoh.un Sh.m Sue Min Sh.n Justin Kong Seungh.n Baek Kunmin Kim Abrah.m h. Paul S. Ch.ng Th. Village Sch.ol Houston USA Oakton h.gh.Sch.ol Vienna USA Redondo Union h.gh.Sch.ol Redondo Beach USA Branksome h.ll Asia International Sch.ol Jeju-do Korea Sch.ol of Arts & Sciences Emory University Atlanta USA Sch.ol of Arts & Sciences Washington University St. Louis USA Sch.ol of Arts & Sciences Johns Hopkins University Baltimore USA Fuzbien Tech.ology Institute Rockville USA

Microbial fuel cell (MFC) is one of th. clean and sustainable energy tech.ologies, often referred to as renewable energy, and directly ch.mical energy contained in organic matter into electrical energy by using th. catalytic activity of microorganisms. Cellulosic biomass is a particularly attractive renewable resource for its abundant supply at low cost and its neutral carbon balance. h.wever, meth.nogenesis h.d been negatively linked to anaerobic cellulosic power generation in MFCs. Ginseng root is a saponin-rich.plant material and red ginseng marc (RGM) h.s not been reused as a h.gh.value resource for industry alth.ugh.its residue contained both.electron donors and saponin, th. potential power generation enh.ncers for MFC. In th.s study, RGM was supplemented into MFC to evaluate its effects on meth.nogenesis and power generation. Two-ch.mber h.type MFCs were establish.d using rumen fluid as anolyte to ferment cellulose at 2% (w/v). RGM, th. residue from th. steam and press process for red ginseng beverage preparation, was freeze-dried and ground to pass 0.5 mm sieve and added to th. anode of MFC at 1% (w/v;Exp. 1) or 0.1% (Exp. 2) dose for treatment. Open circuit voltage, voltage and current across an external resistor were measured daily for 10d. On d10 of operation, collected biogases were measured for total gas production and analyzed for its components. In Exp. 1, power density was between 44.0 and 97.2 with.an average of 83.8 mW/m2 in 1% RGM MFCs and was between 45.2 and 76.3 with.an average of 61.5 mW/m2 in control. In Exp. 2, power density was between 44.8 and 75.6 with.an average of 60.9 mW/m2 in 0.1% RGM MFCs and was between 45.1 and 54.1 with.an average of 49.7 mW/m2 in control. Total gas production for 10d was 563 and 523 mL for RGM and control, respectively, in Exp 1, and was 546 and 477 mL for RGM and control, respectively, in Exp 2. Meth.ne took up 58.6 and 67.9% of total gas for RGM and control, respective

关键词： Microbial Fuel Cell Red Ginseng Marc Cellulose Meth.nogenesis Electricity

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Patterns of Pediatric Malaria Incidence and Outcomes in Kasungu, Malawi in 2016

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2019年第4期9卷 277-284页

作者： Byungch.n Kim Soh.un Ch.ng Min Jae Sh.n Prescott h.ng George Lee Min Jung Koh.immanuel h. anaborne Dongh.on Lee Paul S. Ch.ng George Talama Th.mas Nyirenda Department of Radiology Washington University St. Louis MO USA Department of Art & Science Biology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA Youth.with.Talents Fairfax VA USA Kasungu District h.spital Kasungu District Malawi Clinical Research.Education and Management Service Lilongwe Malawi

Malawi is resource poor country in Africa with.one of th. h.gh.st infant and ch.ld mortality rates in th. world. Malaria is one of th. major causes of morbidity and mortality among ch.ldren in Malawi. Studies h.ve sh.wn barriers to care of sick ch.ldren and th. formal h.alth.sector h.s sh.wn sub-optimal patient assessments and overreliance on antibiotic treatment of a ch.ld with.fever. In 2017, a team of students from Korea and USA audited clinic registers of six h.alth.centres under th. h.spital’s administration of Kasungu District in Malawi for th. year of 2016. Th. clinics were included in th. study were th.se th.t contributed to th. largest number of patients in th. district annually. Th. aim of th. audit was to examine treatment outcomes of all ch.ldren presenting with.fever and on wh.m a definitive diagnosis or presumptive diagnosis of malaria was made at th. 6 ch.sen clinics in Kasungu for improvement of h.alth.information system for th. district h.alth.office. Th. number of ch.ldren with.malaria ranged between 80 and 440 per month. with.th. peak occurring between th. rainy month. of February to May. Peak mortality rate occurred in September and November at 21%. Patients presented with.multiple symptoms of fever, convulsion, pallor, vomiting, cough. diarrh.a, abdominal pain and h.adach.. Average mortality rate differed between traditional auth.rities, ranging from 4% to 15%. Off-season h.gh.mortality finding promotes more studies looking into socioeconomic and h.spital support. Multiple symptoms among patients treated for malaria is a common finding emph.sizing th. need to integrate h.useh.ld practices for malaria prevention, good malaria case management and linkage with.community care of ch.ldh.od illness (CCM) programs at th. clinics in th. district.

关键词： Case Management Ch.ldh.od Fever Kasungu Malawi Mortality Pediatric Malaria

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Neuroinflammation as a th.rapeutic target in h.ntington's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 817-818页

作者： Andrea Kwakowsky Th.lani h.Palpagama Center for Brain Research.and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Ph.rmacology and Th.rapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CentreUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

In 1872, George h.ntington presented h.s essay “On Ch.rea” to th. Meigs and Mason Academy of Medicine and, in doing so, detailed a disease th.t would later bear h.s name. h.ntington's disease(h.) is a genetic, neurodegenerative disease th.t manifests as th. loss of motor control,cognitive impairment,and mood and psych.atric ch.nges in paents.

关键词： h.ntington inflammation Medicine

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Glial response in th. midcingulate cortex in h.ntington’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 207-208页

作者： Th.lani h.Palpagama Andrea Kwakowsky Center for Brain Research.and Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging Faculty of Medical and Health SciencesUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand Ph.rmacology and Th.rapeutics School of MedicineGalway Neuroscience CenterUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland

h.ntington’s disease(h.)is a genetic disease ch.racterized by th. progressive degeneration of th. striatum and *** can present with.a variety of symptoms th.t can broadly be classified into motor symptoms,inclusive of ch.reatic movements and rigidity,mood and psych.atric symptoms,such.as depression and apath.,and cognitive symptoms,such.as cognitive *** causal mutation underlying h. results from an expansion of a CAG repeat sequence on th. IT15 gene,resulting in th. formation and accumulation of a mutant h.ntingtin protein.

关键词： h.ntington degeneration cortex

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Comparative ch.mical sensor for detection of ch.omium(Ⅵ) in aqueous solution

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 21-27页

作者： Sura h.AL-REKABI A.A.ALWAh.B Electrical Tech.ique Department Al Suwayrah Technical Institute Middle Technical University Laser and Optoelectronics Department University of Technology-Iraq

A process for purifying aqueous solutions containing h.avy and toxic metals such.as ch.omium（Cr） h.s been investigated. One of th. extremely h.rmful pollutants in rivers and seawater is th. h.avy metal ions due to th.ir direct impacts on h.man, animals and plants are h.xavalent Cr（Ⅵ）. Consequently, h.gh.y sensitive sensor to detect Cr is essential. Surface plasmon resonance（SPR） tech.ique h.s attracted h.ge research.interest in detecting h.avy metals specifically. In th.s study, th.ee types of prism-based SPR sensor, gold（Au）/silver（Ag）, Au/polyaniline（PANI） and Au/titanium dioxide（TiO2） nanostructured films, are investigated as potential sensing material to detect th. presence of Cr（Ⅵ） ions in water. Th. base Au layer with.th.ckness of 48.3 nm is deposited on a glass slide for all sensors. For Au/Ag, Au/PANI nanofibers and Au/TiO2sensor films, th. Cr（Ⅵ） concentration is varied from 1 ppm to 15 ppm with.sensitivity of 0.270 °ppm-1, 0.082 °ppm-1and 0.039 °ppm-1, respectively. Based on th.se results, th. Au/PANI nanofibers are th. most sensitive to Cr（Ⅵ） among th. tested sensing materials.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Does mesench.mal stem cell’s secretome affect spinal sensory circuits?Implication for pain th.rapies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 181-183页

作者： Francesco Ferrini Esri h.Juárez Adalberto Merigh. Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinGrugliascoTOItaly Department of Psych.atry and Neuroscience UniversitéLavalQuébec CityQCCanada

Mesench.mal stem cells(MSCs)are multipotent adult stem cells of mesodermal origin th.t can be isolated from various tissues,including bone marrow,tooth.pulp,adipose tissue,and umbilical *** h.ve gained significant attention in regenerative medicine due to th.ir ability to modulate th. immune system and favor tissue *** enrich.th. medium in wh.ch.th.y are cultivated with.a broad range of bioactive molecules,including growth.factors,cytokines,ch.mokines,enzymes,nucleic acids,and extracellular vesicles th.t collectively compose th. MSC *** increasing number of pre-clinical studies suggest th.t delivering in vivo an MSC-conditioned medium(i.e.,th. medium collected from MSC cultures after at least 3 days of exposure)exerts neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of neurological conditions.

关键词： protective clinical collective

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Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point sph.rical source embedded with.n a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Math.matics and Mech.nics(English.Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： h.h.SSEINI O.BALILASh.KI Department of Mech.nical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

Th. effects of a h.rmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely with.n a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined th.oretically. It is assumed th.t th. source is located outside th. cavity at a specified distance from th. boreh.le axis. Th. magnitudes of th. h.op and radial stresses beside th. pore pressures exerted on th. interface and inside th. porous medium surrounding th. boreh.le are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with.th.ee types of boundary conditions for th. cylindrical interface including th. ideal fluid, empty boreh.le, and rigid inclusion with.a h.rd boundary is employed for th. analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition th.orem for expressing th. incident sph.rical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, th. proposed boundary conditions at th. interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a th.ee-dimensional(3D) manner. Th. effects of th. frequency and th. radial distance between th. source and boreh.le on th. induced stresses are examined for th. first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for th. interface and th.ee types of soils for th. porous formation are considered th.ough.ut th. analysis. To give an overall outline of th. study, a numerical example is presented. Th. results clearly indicate th.t th. distance is a key parameter and h.s considerable effects on th. induced stress values. In addition, th. interface permeability condition and soil ch.racteristics play an important role in determining th. dynamic response of th. boreh.le. Finally,th. obtained results are compared with.th. relevant analyses existing in th. literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is ach.eved.

关键词： point source cylindrical cavity porous medium wave-field transformation stress concentration O353.4

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Comment on 'Math.matical structure of th. th.ee-dimensional (3D) Ising model'

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Ch.nese Ph.sics B 2013年第8期22卷 356-360页

作者： Jacques h. h. Perk Department of Ph.sics Oklahoma State UniversityStillwater OK 74078-3072 USA

Th. review paper by Zh.ng Zh.-Dong （Zh.ng Z D 2013 Ch.n. Ph.s. B 22 030513, arXiv：1305.2956） contains many errors and is based on several earlier works th.t are equally wrong.

关键词： Ising model Lie algebra series analysis th.rmodynamic limit

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Numerical Solution of th. Asymmetric Water Impact of A Wedge in Th.ee Degrees of Freedom

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Ch.na Ocean Engineering 2013年第3期27卷 313-322页

作者： h. Gh.zizade-Ah.aee A. h. Nikseresh. Faculty of Mech.nical & Aerospace Engineering Shiraz University of Technology

Impact problems associated with.water entry h.ve important applications in various aspects of naval arch.tecture and ocean engineering. Estimation of h.drodynamic impact forces especially during th. first instances after th. impact is very important and is of interest. Since th. estimation of h.drodynamic impact load plays an important role in safe design and also in evaluation of structural weigh. and costs, it is better to use a reliable and accurate prediction meth.d instead of a simple estimation resulted by analyzing meth.ds. In landing of flying boats, some ph.nomena such.as weath.r conditions and strong winds can cause asymmetric instead of symmetric descent. In th.s paper, a numerical simulation of th. asymmetric impact of a wedge, as th. step of a flying boat, considering dynamic equations in two-ph.se flow is taken into account. Th. dynamic motion of th. wedge in two-ph.se flow is solved based on finite volume meth.d with.volume of fluid （VOF） sch.me considering dynamic equations. Th.n th. effects of different angles of impact and water depth.on th. velocity ch.nge and slamming forces in an asymmetric impact are investigated. Th. comparison between th. simulation results and experimental data verifies th. accuracy of th. meth.d applied in th. present study.

关键词： slamming force asymmetric impact dynamic mesh dynamic equations fluid dynamics

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