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Regional brain susceptibility to neurodegeneration: what is the role of glial cells?

Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 838-842页

作者： Andrea Beatriz Cragnolini Giorgia Lampitella Assunta Virtuoso immacolata viscovo Fivos Panetsos Michele Papa Giovanni Cirillo Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y NaturalesUniversidad Nacional de CórdobaInstituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT)CONICET-Universidad Nacional de CórdobaCórdobaArgentina Human Anatomy and Laboratory of Morphology of Neuronal Networks Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive MedicineUniversity of Campania “Luigi VanvitelliNaplesItaly Neuro-computing & Neuro-robotics Research Group Universidad Complutense de MadridNeural Plasticity Research GroupInstituto Investigacion Sanitaria Hospital Clinico San CarlosMadridSpain

The main pathological feature of the neurodegenerative diseases is represented by neuronal death that represents the final step of a cascade of adverse/hostile *** in the neurodegenerative process,glial cells (including astrocytes,microglial cells,and oligodendrocytes) activate and trigger an insidious neuroinflammatory reaction,metabolic decay,blood brain barrier dysfunction and energy impairment,boosting neuronal *** these mechanisms might induce selective neuronal death in specific brain areas are far from being *** last two decades of neurobiological studies have provided evidence of the main role of glial cells in most of the processes of the central nervous system,from development to synaptogenesis,neuronal homeostasis and integration into,highly specific neuro-glial *** this mini-review,we moved from in vitro and in vivo models of neurodegeneration to analyze the putative role of glial cells in the early mechanisms of *** report changes of transcriptional,genetic,morphological,and metabolic activity in astrocytes and microglial cells in specific brain areas before neuronal degeneration,providing evidence in experimental models of neurodegenerative disorders,including Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s *** these mechanisms might increase the insight of these processes and pave the way for new specific glia-targeted therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative disorders.

关键词： astrocytes glial cells microglia neurodegenerative diseases neuroinflammation Parkinson's disease reactive gliosis selective neuronal degeneration

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Obese children with fatty liver: Between reality and disease mongering

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第47期23卷 8277-8282页

作者： Giusy Ranucci Maria immacolata Spagnuolo Raffaele Iorio Department of Translational Medical Science Section of Pediatrics University Federico Ⅱ

Following the current epidemic of obesity, the worldwide prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has increased with potential serious health implications. While it is established that in adults NAFLD can progress to end-stage liver disease in many cases, the risk of progression during childhood is less well defined. Since most obese children are not adherent to lifestyle modifications and hypocaloric diets, there is a growing number of studies on pharmacological interventions with the risk of disease mongering, the practice of widening the boundaries of illness in order to expand the markets for treatment. Here, we propose a critical appraisal of the best available evidence about long-term course of pediatric NAFLD and efficacy of treatments other than hypocaloric diet and physical exercise. As a result, the number of NAFLD children with a poor outcome is small in spite of the alarming tones used in some papers; large-scale longitudinal studies with longterm follow-up of pediatric NAFLD patients are lacking; the studies on ancillary pharmacological interventions have been performed in few patients with inconclusive and conflicting results.

关键词： Obesity Children Non alcoholic fatty liver disease Non alcoholic steatohepatitis Cirrhosis Liver transplant Disease mongering

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Can long-term thiamine treatment improve the clinical outcomes of myotonic dystrophy type 1？

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第9期11卷 1487-1491页

作者： Antonio Costantini Erika Trevi Maria immacolata Pala Roberto Fancellu Department of Neurological Rehabilitation "Villa Immacolata" Clinic Viterbo Italy School of Physiotherapy Catholic University of Rome Rome Italy Neurology Unit IRCCS San Martino University Hospital IST Genoa Italy

Myotonic dystrophy type 1, also known as Steinert＇s disease, is an autosomal dominant disorder with multisystemic clinical features affecting the skeletal and cardiac muscles, the eyes, and the endocrine system. Thiamine （vitamin B1） is a cofactor of fundamental enzymes involved in the energetic cell me- tabolism; recent studies described its role in oxidative stress, protein processing, peroxisomal function, and gene expression. Thiamine deficiency is critical mainly in the central and peripheral nervous system, as well as in the muscular cells. Our aim was to investigate the potential therapeutical effects of long-term treatment with thiamine in myotonic dystrophy type 1 in an observational open-label pilot study. We de- scribed two patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 treated with intramuscular thiamine 100 mg twice a week for 12 or 11 months. We evaluated the patients using the grading of muscle strength according to Medical Research Council （MRC）, the Muscular Impairment Rating Scale （MIRS）, and the Modified Barthel index. High-dose thiamine treatment was well tolerated and effective in improving the motor symptomatology, particularly the muscle strength evaluated with the MRC scale, and the patients＇ activi- ties of daily living using the Modified Barthel Index. At the end of treatment, the MRC score was 5 in the proximal muscles and 2-4 in the distal muscles （the MRG score before the treatment was 3-4 and 1-3, re- spectively）. The MIRS grade improved by 25% compared to baseline for both patients. In patient #1, the Modified Barthel Index improved by 44%, and in patient #2 by 29%. These findings suggest that clinical outcomes are improved by long-term thiamine treatment.

关键词： nerve regeneration myotonic dystrophy type I thiamine Steinert's disease muscular strength activity of daily living neural regeneration

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Actively bleeding Dieulafoy's lesion of the small bowel identified by capsule endoscopy and treated by push enteroscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第24期12卷 3936-3937页

作者： Giovanni D De Palma Francesco Patrone Maria Rega immacolata Simeoli Stefania Masone Giovanni Persico Centro per l'Innovazione Tecnologica in Chirurgia-Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale Oncologica e Tecnologie Avanzate Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico Ⅱ Facoltà di Medicina e ChirurgiaNapoliItaly

Dieulafoy＇s lesion is an unusual cause of recurrent GI bleeding. This report describes a case of actively bleeding Dieulafoy＇s lesion of the small bowel in which the diagnosis was made by capsule endoscopy, followed by treatment with the use of push enteroscopy. The case illustrates that capsule endoscopy and enteroscopy are highly complementary in patients with small bowel diseases.

关键词： Dieulafoy's lesion GI hemorrhage Smallbowel Capsule endoscopy Push enteroscopy

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No evidence of circulating autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin in patients with celiac disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第14期18卷 1622-1627页

作者： Tiziana Larussa Evelina Suraci immacolata Nazionale Isabella Leone Tiziana Montalcini Ludovico Abenavoli Maria Imeneo Arturo Pujia Francesco Luzza Department of Health Science University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"88100 CatanzaroItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Science University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia"88100 CatanzaroItaly

AIM:To investigate risk factors for low bone mineral density(BMD) in celiac disease(CD) patients,focusing on circulating autoantibodies against osteoprotegerin(OPG).METHODS:Seventy asymptomatic CD adult patients on gluten-free diet(GFD) and harbouring persistent negative CD-related serology were *** risk factors for osteoporosis(e.g.,age,sex,menopausal status,history of fractures,smoke,and body mass index) were checked and BMD was assessed by dual energy X ray *** calcium and parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels were ***-eight patients underwent repeat duodenal *** samples from a selected sub-group of 30 patients,who were also typed for human leukocyte antigen(HLA) DQ2 and DQ8 haplotype,were incubatedwith homodimeric recombinant human OPG and tested by western blotting with an anti-OPG antibody after ***:Despite persistent negative CD-related serology and strict adherence to GFD,49 out of the 70(74%) patients displayed low *** these patients,13(24%) showed osteoporosis and 36(76%) *** the exception of age,conventional risk factors for osteoporosis did not differ between patients with normal and low *** serum calcium and PTH levels were normal in all *** mucosa healing was found in 31(82%) out of 38 patients who underwent repeat duodenal biopsy with 20(64%) still displaying low *** remaining 7 patients had an incomplete normalization of duodenal mucosa with 6(84%) showing low *** evidence of circulating antibodies against OPG was found in the serum of 30 celiac patients who were tested for,independent of BMD,duodenal histology,and HLA ***:If any,the role of circulating autoantibodies against OPG in the pathogenesis of bone derangement in patients with CD is not a major one.

关键词： Celiac disease Osteoprotegerin Bone mineral density Gluten-free diet Osteoporosis Osteopenia

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Endoscopic management of intragastric penetrated adjustable gastric band for morbid obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第25期12卷 4098-4100页

作者： Giovanni D De Palma Antonio Formato Vincenzo Pilone Maria Rega Maria Elena Giuliano immacolata Simeoli Pietro Forestieri Centro per l'Innovazione Tecnologica in Chirurgia (ITC)-Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale Oncologica e Tecnologie Avanzate.Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico Ⅱ Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia NapoliItaly

This report describes a case of successful endoscopic management of intragastric penetrated adjustable gastric band in a patient with morbid obesity. The favorable course of the case described here demonstrates that adjustable gastric bands in the process of migration need not be removed surgically in patients who are asymptomatic.

关键词： Morbid obesity Adjustable gastric band Complications Endoscopy Endoscopic therapy

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A peptide-based assay discriminates individual antibody response to SARS-CoV-2

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Genes & Diseases 2022年第1期9卷 275-281页

作者： immacolata Polvere Serena Voccola Gaetano Cardinale Maurizio Fumi Francesca Aquila Alfredina Parrell Jessica Raffaella Madera Romania Stilo Pasquale Vito Tiziana Zotti Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Universitàdegli Studi del SannioVia dei Mulini snc82100 BeneventoItaly Genus Biotech Universitàdegli Studi del SannioVia Appia s.n.c.82030 Apollosa(BN)Italy Azienda Ospedaliera San Pio Via Pacevecchia5382100 Benevento(BN)Italy

SARS-CoV-2 virus is responsible for the current worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, infecting millions of people and causing hundreds of thousands of deaths. Understanding the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for the development of vaccines, therapeutics and public health interventions. However, lack of consistency in methods used to monitor antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 leaves some uncertainty in our fine understanding of the human antibody response mounted following SARS-CoV-2 infection. We developed a peptide-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) by selecting 7 synthetic peptides from the spike, membrane, and nucleocapsid protein sequences of SARS-CoV-2, which effectively detects the antibody response mounted by all COVID-19 convalescent tested. Strikingly, the assay shows a profound difference in antibody response among individual subjects, which may have a significant impact on disease severity. Together, our results define an efficient and specific serological assay to consistently measure the antibody response following SARS-CoV-2 infection, as well as help the design of vaccine and therapeuticals for prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

关键词： Antibodies Assay COVID-19 ELISA Peptides SARS-Cov-2

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Successful treatment of acute liver failure due to Wilson’s disease: Serendipity or fortuity?

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World Journal of Hepatology 2024年第8期16卷 1111-1119页

作者： Valeria Delle Cave Fabiola Di Dato Pier Luigi Calvo Maria immacolata Spagnuolo Raffaele Iorio Department of Translational Medical Science Section of PediatricsUniversity of Naples Federico IINaples 80131Italy Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit Regina Margherita Children's HospitalAzienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Cittàdella Salute e della ScienzaTurin 10126Italy

BACKGROUND Acute liver failure(ALF)may be the first and most dramatic presentation of Wilson’s disease(WD).ALF due to WD(WD-ALF)is difficult to distinguish from other causes of liver disease and is a clear indication for liver *** is no firm recommendation on specific and supportive medical treatment for this *** To critically evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic management of WD-ALF patients in order to improve their survival with native *** A retrospective analysis of patients with WD-ALF was conducted in two pediatric liver units from 2018 to *** During the study period,16 children(9 males)received a diagnosis of WD and 2 of them presented with *** first was successfully treated with an unconventional combination of low doses of D-penicillamine and zinc plus steroids,and survived without liver *** second,exclusively treated with supportive therapy,needed a hepatotransplant to overcome *** Successful treatment of 1 WD-ALF patient with low-dose D-penicillamine and zinc plus steroids may provide new perspectives for management of this condition,which is currently only treated with liver transplantation.

关键词： Fulminant liver failure Copper Chelator Zinc Steroids Liver transplantation Autoimmune hepatitis Prognostic score 24 hour-urinary copper excretion Native liver

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Metastatic tumors to the stomach: Clinical and endoscopicfeatures

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第45期12卷 7326-7328页

作者： Giovanni D De Palma Stefania Masone Maria Rega immacolata Simeoli Mario Donisi Pietro Addeo Loredana Iannone Vincenzo Pilone Giovanni Persico Centro per l'Innovazione Tecnologica in Chirurgia Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale Oncologica e Tecnologie Avanzate. Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia Napoli Italy Centro per l’Innovazione Tecnologica in Chirurgia Dipartimento di Chirurgia Generale Oncologica e Tecnologie Avanzate. Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia Napoli Italy

AIM: To evaluate the clinical and endoscopic patterns in a large series of patients with metastatic tumors in the stomach. METHODS: A total of 64 patients with gastric meta- stases from solid malignant tumors were retros- pectively examined between 1990 and 2005. The clinicopathological findings were reviewed along with tumor characteristics such as endoscopic pattern, location, size and origin of the primary sites. RESULTS: Common indications for endoscopy were anemia, bleeding and epigastric pain. Metastases presented as solitary (62.5%) or multiple (37.5%) tumors were mainly located in the middle or upper third of stomach. The main primary metastatic tumors were from breast and lung cancer and malignant melanoma. CONCLUSION: As the prognosis of cancer patients has been improving gradually, gastrointestinal (GI) metastases will be encountered more often. Endoscopic examinations should be conducted carefully in patients with malignancies, and endoscopic biopsies and information on the patient’s clinical history are useful for correct diagnosis of gastric metastases.

关键词： Stomach Metastatic tumors Clinical findings Pathology Endoscopy

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Intestinal amyloidosis:Two cases with different patterns of clinical and imaging presentation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第20期16卷 2566-2570页

作者： Pier Paolo Mainenti Sabrina Segreto Marcello Mancini Antonio Rispo immacolata Cozzolino Stefania Masone Ciro Roberto Rinaldi Gerardo Nardone Marco Salvatore IBB CNR NaplesVia Pansini 580131NaplesItaly Department of Biomorphological and Functional Sciences Section of RadiologyUniversity of Naples"Federico II"Via Pansini 580131NaplesItaly Department of Gastro-enterology University of Naples"Federico II"Via Pansini 580131NaplesItaly Department of Biomorphological and Functional Sciences Section of PathologyUniversity of Naples "Federico II"Via Pansini 580131NaplesItaly Department of General Surgery Geriatry and EndoscopyUniversity of Naples"Federico II"Via Pansini 580131NaplesItaly Department of Biotechnology Haema-tology UnitUniversity of Naples"Federico II"Via Pansini 580131NaplesItaly

The involvement of the small bowel in systemic forms of amyloidosis may be diffuse or very rarely *** cases of focal amyloidomas of the duodenum and jejunum without extraintestinal manifestations have been *** focal amyloidomas consisted of extensive amyloid infiltration of the entire intestinal wall *** barium studies,ultrasound and computed tomography(CT)patterns of diffuse small bowel amyloidosis have been described:the signs are non-specific and may include small-bowel dilatation,symmetric bowel wall thickening,mesenteric infiltration,and mesenteric *** data are available about the positron emission tomography (PET)/CT and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)patterns of intestinal *** report two cases of small bowel amyloidosis:the former characterized by focal deposition of amyloid proteins exclusively within blood vessel walls of the terminal ileum,the latter characterized by diffuse intestinal involvement observed on MRI and PET/CT studies.

关键词： Amyloidosis Small bowel Positron emission tomography/computed tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Computed tomography

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