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Impact of prenatal,neonatal,and postnatal factors on epilepsy risk in children and adolescents:a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Acta Epileptologica 2024年第1期7卷 21-35页

作者： imen Ketata Emna Ellouz Rahil Mizouri Neurology Department University Hospital of GabesGabes6014Tunisia Sfax University Sfax3029Tunisia Monastir University Monastir5000Tunisia

Background Epilepsy is a common,long-term neurological condition.Several previous case-control,cohort and cross-sectional studies have highlighted the role of prenatal,delivery and postnatal factors in the onset of epilepsy.In this systematic review,we evaluate the impact of these factors on the development of epilepsy in children and adolescents.Methods We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for literature on the relationship between prenatal,delivery and postnatal factors and the occurrence of epilepsy.The research was performed according to the PRSIMA 2020 flowchart and checklist.Data were extracted and pooled according to the ReviewManager 5.3 software using a random-effects model.Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were used to evaluate the source of heterogeneity.Results We identified 25 reports,including 45,044 cases with confirmed epilepsy and 2,558,210 controls.Premature birth is significantly associated with the risk of epilepsy(pooled OR=4.36[95%CI:1.26–15.09],P=0.02).Smoking during pregnancy significantly increases this risk by 28%(pooled OR=1.28[95%CI:1.1–1.49],P=0.002).Furthermore,maternal epilepsy confers a pooled OR of 2.06[95%CI:1.26–3.36].Eclampsia is linked to a 16.9-fold increased risk of epilepsy.In addition,both pregnancy metrorrhagia and maternal infection are significantly associated with the epilepsy risk(pooled OR=2.24[95%CI:1.36–3.71]and 1.28[95%CI:1.17–1.41],respectively).For delivery conditions,cord prolapse(pooled OR=2.58[95%CI:1.25–5.32]),prolonged labor(>6 h)(OR=6.74[95%CI:3.57–12.71])and head trauma(pooled OR=2.31[95%CI:1.54–3.48])represent a meaningful risk of epilepsy occurrence.Moreover,birth complications(OR=3.91[95%CI:2.43–6.29]),low birth weight(pooled OR=1.83[95%CI:1.5–2.23])and male birth(pooled OR=1.18[95%CI:1.06–1.32])are associated with an elevated risk of epilepsy in childhood and adolescence.Conclusions Epilepsy in children and adolescents can be attributed to a multitude of intricate factors,notably those during pregnancy,delivery and the postnatal period.These

关键词： Prenatal factors Delivery factors Postnatal factors Epilepsy Children Adolescents

In vitro engineered models of neurodegenerative diseases

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 79-96页

作者： ZEHRA GÜL MORÇimen ŞEYMA TAŞDEMIR AYLIN ŞENDEMIR Bioengineering Department Graduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesEge UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye Bioengineering Department Faculty of Engineering and Natural ScienceCelal Bayar UniversityManisa45110Türkiye Bioengineering Department Ege UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye Department of Biomedical Technologies Graduate School of Natural and Applied SciencesEge UniversityIzmir35040Türkiye

Neurodegeneration is a catastrophic process that develops progressive damage leading to functional andstructural loss of the cells of the nervous system and is among the biggest unavoidable problems of our age.Animalmodels do not reflect the pathophysiology observed in humans due to distinct differences between the neuralpathways,gene expression patterns,neuronal plasticity,and other disease-related mechanisms in animals andhumans.Classical in vitro cell culture models are also not sufficient for pre-clinical drug testing in reflecting thecomplex pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.Today,modern,engineered techniques are applied to developmulticellular,intricate in vitro models and to create the closest microenvironment simulating biological,biochemical,and mechanical characteristics of the in vivo degenerating tissue.In THIS review,the capabilities and shortcomings ofscaffold-based and scaffold-free techniques,organoids,and microfluidic models that best reflect neurodegeneration invitro in the biomimetic framework are discussed.

关键词： Neurodegenerative diseases In vitro models Scaffolds Organoids Microfluidic devices

Epidemiological and histopathological characteristics of thyroid carcinoma in a Tunisian health care center

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 37-42页

作者： Maissa Ben Thayer Fatma Khanchel imen Helal Dorra Chiboub Hedhli Raoueh Ehsen Ben Brahim Raja Jouini Aschraf Chadli-Debbiche Faculty of Medicine of Tunis Tunis El Manar UniversityTunisTunisia Depatment of Pathology Habib Thameur's HospitalTunisTunisia Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery Habib Thameur's HospitalTunisTunisia

Background:Thyroid carcinoma(TC)accounts for almost 0.5%–1%of total malignancies.Its incidence is increasing rapidly worldwide.Several studies have drawn up the epidemiological profile of TC and its clinical and pathological features.However,to date,no similar studies have been conducted in Tunisia.Aims:To establish an epidemiological profile of TC in a Tunisian health care institute and to analyze its clinical and histopathological characteristics in our institute.Materials and Methods:We present a retrospective study reviewing the cases of TC diagnosed in our institution in a 4-year period.Results:We collected a sample of 192 cases of TC.It consisted of 31 males and 161 females(83.8%)with a sex-ratio M/F of 0.19.The mean age was 46.4 years.Papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most frequent histological subtype.The multifocality rate was 33.8%.The mean size of TC was 2.2±1.9 cm.60.9%of TC were staged pT1 and 20.3%had nodal involvement.Papillary thyroid microcarcinomas were noted in 37.5%of cases.Conclusion:Our results were consistent with those of the literature.A high proportion of pT1 and pN0 tumors were noted in our series,suggesting that TC's diagnosis and management was performed at an early stage of the disease in our institution.In addition,our study enabled us to notice the impact of the Coronavirus disease 19 crisis on the management of TC in our institution.Further studies are needed to establish the epidemiological profile of TC in Tunisia and to assess its clinical and pathological features.

关键词： coronavirus disease 19 epidemiology papillary thyroid carcinoma papillary thyroid microcarcinoma pathology thyroid carcinoma

Global Practical Exponential Stabilization for One-Sided Lipschitz Systems with Time Delay

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2022年第6期35卷 2029-2045页

作者： imen Akrouti NADHEM Echi Faculty of Sciences of Sfax Department of MathematicsSfax UniversityBP1171 Sfar 3000Tunisia Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa Department of MathematicsGafsa UniversityZarroug Gafsa 2112Tunisia

This paper addresses the practical stabilization problem for a class of one-sided Lipschitz nonlinear time delay systems with external disturbances.In case there is no perturbation,the exponential convergence of the observer was confirmed.When external disturbances appear in the system,a separation principle is established,and the authors show that the closed loop system is exponentially practical stable.By choosing a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional,the authors derive new sufficient conditions to guarantee the exponential stability of the systems.Finally,a physical model is performed to prove the efficiency and applicability of the suggested approach.

关键词： Lyapunov-Krasovskii nonlinear time-delay systems one-sided Lipschitz condition separation principle

Sports Prediction Model through Cloud Computing and Big Data Based on Artificial Intelligence Method

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2024年第2期16卷 53-79页

作者： Aws I. Abu Eid Achraf Ben Miled Ahlem Fatnassi Majid A. Nawaz Ashraf F. A. Mahmoud Faroug A. Abdalla Chams Jabnoun Aida Dhibi Firas M. Allan Mohammed Ahmed Elhossiny Salem Belhaj imen Ben Mohamed Faculty of Computing Studies Arab Open University Amman Jordan Computer Science Department Science College Northern Border University Arar Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Artificial Intelligence and Data Engineering Laboratory LR21ES23 Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte University of Carthage Tunis Tunisia Applied College Northern Border University Arar Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Faculty of Specific Education Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

This article delves into the intricate relationship between big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, shedding light on their fundamental attributes and interdependence. It explores the seamless amalgamation of AI methodologies within cloud computing and big data analytics, encompassing the development of a cloud computing framework built on the robust foundation of the Hadoop platform, enriched by AI learning algorithms. Additionally, it examines the creation of a predictive model empowered by tailored artificial intelligence techniques. Rigorous simulations are conducted to extract valuable insights, facilitating method evaluation and performance assessment, all within the dynamic Hadoop environment, thereby reaffirming the precision of the proposed approach. The results and analysis section reveals compelling findings derived from comprehensive simulations within the Hadoop environment. These outcomes demonstrate the efficacy of the Sport AI Model (SAIM) framework in enhancing the accuracy of sports-related outcome predictions. Through meticulous mathematical analyses and performance assessments, integrating AI with big data emerges as a powerful tool for optimizing decision-making in sports. The discussion section extends the implications of these results, highlighting the potential for SAIM to revolutionize sports forecasting, strategic planning, and performance optimization for players and coaches. The combination of big data, cloud computing, and AI offers a promising avenue for future advancements in sports analytics. This research underscores the synergy between these technologies and paves the way for innovative approaches to sports-related decision-making and performance enhancement.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Spark Apache Big Data SAIM

Bank efficiency in Middle East and North African countries:Does political connection type matter?

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 2992-3025页

作者： Naima Lassoued imen Khanchel imen Fakhfakh Higher School of Business Manouba UniversityManoubaTunisia QUARG UR17ES26 ESCTManouba UniversityManoubaTunisia LARIME LR11ES02 ESSECTUniversity of TunisTunisTunisia Faculty of Economic Sciences and Management Sfax UniversitySfaxTunisia Probability and Statistics Laboratory LR/18/ES‑28 FSSSfax UniversitySfaxTunisia

This study examines the effects of the political connections of chief executive officers(CEOs)or directors on technical,allocative,and cost bank efficiencies examining a panel of 144 banks operating in 12 Middle Eastern and North African(MENA)countries observed over the 2008–2021 period.Using random effect tobit regressions,we find that the three types of political connections explored(aggregate,CEO,and board of directors)have negative effects on banks’technical and cost efficiencies.In addition,CEO political connections exhibit superior explanatory power.These findings remain robust when we consider the sample in terms of monarchist and republican countries.Further evidence reveals that the effect of political connections is observed more strongly during the pandemic period(2020–2021)than during the 2008–2009 financial crisis period.Our results indicate that banks in MENA countries must strategically regulate bank political connections during crises and consistently thereafter.Our findings have implications for regulators investors and authorities in MENA countries.

关键词： Middle political Eastern

An AOP-Based Security Verification Environment for KECCAK Hash Algorithm

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第11期73卷 4051-4066页

作者： Hassen Mestiri imen Barraj Mohsen Machhout Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj 11942Saudi Arabia Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Sousse University of SousseTunisia Electronics and Micro-Electronics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences of MonastirUniversity of MonastirTunisia Electrical Engineering Department Systems Integration&Emerging Energies(SI2E)National Engineers School of SfaxUniversity of SfaxTunisia Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Gabes University of GabesTunisia

Robustness of the electronic cryptographic devices against fault injection attacks is a great concern to ensure security.Due to significant resource constraints,these devices are limited in their capabilities.The increasing complexity of cryptographic devices necessitates the development of a fast simulation environment capable of performing security tests against fault injection attacks.SystemC is a good choice for Electronic System Level(ESL)modeling since it enables models to run at a faster rate.To enable fault injection and detection inside a SystemC cryptographic model,however,the model’s source code must be updated.Without altering the source code,Aspect-Oriented Programming(AOP)may be used to evaluate the robustness of cryptographic models.This might replace conventional cryptanalysis methods in the real world.At the ESL,we discuss a unique technique for simulating security fault attacks on cryptographic systems.The current study presents a fault injection/detection environment for assessing the KECCAK SystemC model’s resistance against fault injection attacks.The approach of injecting faults into KECCAK SystemC model is accomplished via the use of weaving faults in AspectC++based on AOP programming language.We confirm our technique by applying it to two scenarios using a SystemC KECCAK hash algorithm case study:The first concerns discuss the effect of the AOP on fault detection capabilities,while the second concerns discuss the effect of the AOP on simulation time and executable file size.The simulation results demonstrate that this technique is fully capable of evaluating the fault injection resistance of a KECCAK design.They demonstrate that AOP has a negligible effect on simulation time and executable file size.

关键词： Aspect-Oriented Programming SystemC AspectC++ cryptographic circuits KECCAK fault detection fault attacks

An Efficient AES 32-Bit Architecture Resistant to Fault Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第2期70卷 3667-3683页

作者： Hassen Mestiri imen Barraj Abdullah Alsir Mohamed Mohsen Machhout Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Engineering and SciencesPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl-Kharj11942Saudi Arabia Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology of Sousse University of SousseTunisia Electronics and Micro-Electronics Laboratory Faculty of Sciences of MonastirUniversity of MonastirTunisia METS Research Group Electrical Engineering DepartmentNational Engineers School of SfaxUniversity of SfaxTunisia Higher Institute of Computer Science and Multimedia of Gabes University of GabesTunisia

The Advanced Encryption Standard cryptographic algorithm,named AES,is implemented in cryptographic circuits to ensure high security level to any system which required confidentiality and secure information exchange.One of the most effective physical attacks against the hardware implementation of AES is fault attacks which can extract secret data.Until now,a several AES fault detection schemes against fault injection attacks have been proposed.In this paper,so as to ensure a high level of security against fault injection attacks,a new efficient fault detection scheme based on the AES architecture modification has been proposed.For this reason,the AES 32-bit round is divided into two half rounds and input and pipeline registers are implemented between them.The proposed scheme is independent of the procedure the AES is implemented.Thus,it can be implemented to secure the pipeline and iterative architectures.To evaluate the robustness of the proposed fault detection scheme against fault injection attacks,we conduct a transient and permanent fault attacks and then we determine the fault detection capability;it is about 99.88585%and 99.9069%for transient and permanent faults respectively.We have modeled the AES fault detection scheme using VHDL hardware language and through hardware FPGA implementation.The FPGA results demonstrate that our scheme can efficiently protect the AES hardware implementation against fault attacks.It can be simply implemented with low complexity.In addition,the FPGA implementation performances prove the low area overhead and the high efficiency and working frequency for the proposed AES detection scheme.

关键词： Security cryptographic circuits AES hardware implementation fault detection fault attacks

Formation of Nanotubular Structures with Petal Effect by Soft-Template Electropolymerization of Benzotrithiophene with Hydrophilic Carboxyl Group

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2022年第4期19卷 1054-1063页

作者： Maroua Khodja imen Bousrih Mejda El Kateb Mohammed Beji Frederic Guittard Thierry Darmanin Laboratory of Structural Organic Chemistry Faculty of Sciences of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar2092 TunisTunisia NICE Lab Universite Cote d’Azur06100 NiceFrance

The bioinspiration is one of the best ways to make a breakthrough in a field,and particularly in the wetting properties.Bioinspired by natural species,such as rose petals and gecko foot,and previous researches,nanotubular structures are prepared here by soft-template electropolymerization in organic solvent and using an original benzotrithiophene with a hydrophilic carboxyl group,as the monomer.The best results are obtained by cyclic voltammetry because of a much higher amount of gas bubbles released with this deposition method.Both nanoparticles and nanotubes are observed while the water content has an influence on the number of nanotubes.Even if the monomer has hydrophilic carboxyl group,the best films have both high hydrophobicity(apparent water contact angle up to 130.7°)and strong water adhesion(petal effect).These surfaces could be used in future in applications such as water harvesting systems.

关键词： Bioinspired Electropolymerization Hydrophobicity Nanostructures Nanotubes Wettability