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Current and novel modalities for management of chronic hepatitis B infection

World Journal of Hepatology 2023年第5期15卷 585-608页

作者： iman Ibrahim Salama Samia M Sami Somaia I Salama Ghada A Abdel-Latif Fatma A Shaaban Walaa A Fouad Aida M Abdelmohsen Hala M Raslan Department of Community Medicine Research National Research CentreGiza 12411DokkiEgypt Department of Child Health National Research CentreGiza 12411DokkiEgypt Department of Internal Medicine National Research CentreGiza 12411DokkiEgypt

Over 296 million people are estimated to have chronic hepatitis B viral infection(CHB),and it poses unique challenges for *** is the result of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-specific immune tolerance and the presence of covalently closed circular DNA as mini chromosome inside the nucleus and the integrated *** hepatitis B core-related antigen is the best surrogate marker for intrahepatic covalently closed circular *** HBV“cure”is the durable loss of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),with or without HBsAg seroconversion and undetectable serum HBV DNA after completing a course of *** currently approved therapies are nucleos(t)ide analogues,interferon-alpha,and *** these therapies,functional cure can be achieved in<10%of CHB *** variation to HBV or the host immune system that disrupts the interaction between them can lead to reactivation of *** therapies may allow efficient control of *** include direct acting antivirals and *** of the viral antigen load is a crucial factor for success of immune-based *** therapy may lead to modulation of the host immune *** may enhance/restore innate immunity against HBV(as toll-like-receptors and cytosolic retinoic acid inducible geneⅠagonist).Others may induce adaptive immunity as checkpoint inhibitors,therapeutic HBV vaccines including protein(HBsAg/pre S and hepatitis B core antigen),monoclonal or bispecific antibodies and genetically engineered T cells to generate chimeric antigen receptor-T or T-cell receptor-T cells and HBV-specific T cells to restore T cell function to efficiently clear *** therapy may successfully overcome immune tolerance and lead to HBV control and *** approaches carry the risk of overshooting immune responses causing uncontrolled liver *** safety of any new curative therapies should be measured in relation to the excellent safety of currently appro

关键词： immunity infection overcome

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Adaptive Noise Cancellation Algorithms Implemented onto FPGA-Based Electrical Impedance Tomography System

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Electrical Science & Engineering 2019年第2期1卷 15-25页

作者： Marlin R Baidillah Zengfeng Gao Al-Amin S iman Masahiro Takei Graduate School of Science&Engineering Dept.Mechanical Eng.Div.Fundamental Eng.Chiba UniversityChiba 263-8522Japan

Electrical Impedance Tomography(EIT)as a non-invasive of electrical conductivity imaging method commonly employs the stationary-coefficient based filters(such as FFT)in order to remove the noise *** the practical applications,the stationary-coefficient based filters fail to remove the time-varying random noise which leads to the lack of impedance measurement *** this paper,the implementation of adaptive noise cancellation(ANC)algorithms which are Least Mean Square(LMS)and Normalized Least Mean Square(NLMS)filters onto Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA)-based EIT system is proposed in order to eliminate the time-varying random noise *** proposed method was evaluated through experimental studies with biomaterial *** reconstructed EIT images with NLMS is better than the images with LMS by amplitude response AR=12.5%,position error PE=200%,resolution RES=33%,and shape deformation SD=66%.Moreover,the Analog-to-Digital Converter(ADC)performances of power spectral density(PSD)and the effective number of bit ENOB with NLMS is higher than the performances with LMS by SI=5.7%and ENOB=15.4%.The results showed that implementing ANC algorithms onto FPGA-based EIT system shows significantly more accurate image reconstruction as compared without ANC algorithms implementation.

关键词： Electrical impedance tomography(EIT) Adaptive Noise cancellation FPGA-based EIT system time-varying noise model adaptive filter

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Epidemiological analysis of snakebite victims in southwestern Iran

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Journal of Acute Disease 2019年第6期8卷 260-264页

作者： Hamid Kassiri iman Khodkar Shahnaz Kazemi Niusha Kasiri Masoud Lotfi Department of Medical Entomology School of HealthAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Student Research Committee Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran Khorram-shahr County Health Center Abadan School of Medical SciencesAbadanIran Abdanan Health Center Ilam University of Medical SciencesIlamIran

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of snakebites and associated epidemiologic factors in Khorram-shahr County,Iran,between 2013 and ***:This was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical *** was collected and recorded via *** data included gender,age,occurrence regions,bite site,time of being bitten,month and *** were analyzed by Chi-square and t-tests with SPSS version ***:A total of 102 cases of snakebites occurred in Khorram-shahr County of Khuzestan Province,southwestern *** were 75 men(73.5%)and 27 women(26.4%),without significant difference in *** highest frequency of snakebites was observed in the age group of 41-50 years with 28 cases(27.4%).In total,58 cases(56.9%)occurred in urban areas and 44 cases(43.1%)in rural *** statistically significant difference was observed between the age groups or residential *** occurred in May with 19 cases(18.6%),spring with 45(44.1%)and summer with 45(44.1%).The results showed significant difference among different seasons and months of the *** were in feet in 62 cases(60.8%)and hands in 36 cases(35.3%)which were bitten more than other organs,respectively,with significant difference among different bite sites in the *** highest and lowest frequencies of snakebites were observed between 18:00 and 24:00 with 43 cases(42.2%)and between 6:00 and 12:00 with 14 cases(13.7%),with a significant difference among different hours of the ***:Useful information about snakebites,venomous snakes,their hazards,prevention of bites and the importance of early hospital referral and treatment of victims should be provided to people using different educational tools.

关键词： Snakebite Epidemiology Prevalence Iran

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Analysis of Extreme Precipitation Events over Central Plateau of Iran

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第3期5卷 297-313页

作者： iman Rousta Mohsen Soltani Wen Zhou Hoffman H. N. Cheung Department of Geography (Climatology) Yazd University Yazd Iran Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Garmisch-Partenkirchen Germany Guy Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate Impact Centre School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

This paper describes the results of an analysis of extreme rainfall events in the central plateau of Iran. To study the extreme events, daily records of eighteen stations’ rainfalls in the region for different initial dates up to 2005 gathered from the bureau of meteorology. Then, the extreme rainfall threshold was calculated for each individual station using the statistical index of Gamble type I. Lastly, 22 mm was determined as the extreme rainfall value for the entire stations, and eventually 17 out of 169 extreme precipitation events were extracted in accordance with three factors including a) days with precipitation in not less than 50% of the stations, b) maximum rainfall is 22 mm or more in at least one of the stations, and c) mean precipitation of the basin is more than 3 mm. In the next step to analyze the synoptic features, the relevant meteorological data i.e. relative vorticity, geopotential height, sea level pressure, u and v wind components, relative humidity, vertical velocity, and precipitable water content at multiple levels of the atmosphere were examined from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis dataset. The synoptic findings indicate that two patterns of deep trough and high ridge of the eastern Mediterranean were responsible for making the heavy precipitation events over the central plateau of Iran. The most and severest rainfall events occurred via deep tough pattern, which covered 76% of days with extreme precipitations during the examined period. Furthermore, the results suggest that the main moisture resources, which identified by HYSPLIT model’s outputs and moisture convergence/divergence zones for the rainy systems in the first pattern (deep trough) including Persian Gulf, Oman Sea, Indian Ocean, and Red Sea, while for the second pattern (high ridge) Persian Gulf and Red Sea play a significant role in feeding the storms in the central regions of Iran. Moreover, the southward movement of Polar Vortex is also considered as those important factors to pro

关键词： Extreme Precipitation Occurrence Synoptic Analysis Trough and Ridge of Eastern Mediterranean HYSPLIT Trajectories Model Moisture Convergence Central Plateau Iran

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Predictive Control of Non-minimum Phase Motor with Backlash in an Earth Station Antenna

Predictive Control of Non-minimum Phase Motor with Backlash ...

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第25届中国控制会议

作者： Mohammadzaman iman Khaki Sedigh Ali Nasirian Mehrzad Faculty of Electrical Engineering Malek Ashtar University of Technology TehranIran Faculty of Electrical Engineering K．N．Toosi University of Technology TehranIran Faculty of Electrical Engineering K．N．Toosi University of Technology TehranIran

＜正＞In this paper, Generalized Predictive Control （GPC） algorithm is implemented to control an earth station antenna with a non-minimum phase motor. Nonlinear term in motors caused by gearbox or other parts is modeled by a backlash block. Simulation results show the effectiveness of GPC method for robust control in the presence of backlash nonlinearity without a priori knowledge about upper and lower bounds of backlash. Also, adaptation mechanism as a self tuning predictive control is used to conquer environment changing.

关键词： Generalized Predictive Control Non-minimum Phase Motor Backlash Earth Station Antenna

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Islamic Human Rights and the Implementation in Saudi Arabia

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The Journal of Human Rights 2004年第6期3卷 20-24页

作者： SOLAMAN ALHOKILThe author is Professor, iman Mohammed Bin Sand University. iman Mohammed Bin Saud University

"Human right" is a modern verbal expression of an old truth, as human rights arenot something new. Long ago, Islam affirmed, advocated and maintained human rights, and regarded individuals, society and the state as guardians of human rights, because this was a legal duty. Those who bore such a duty would be rewarded; otherwise, they would be punished.

关键词： Islamic Human Rights and the Implementation in Saudi Arabia

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Quantitative analysis of cefixime via complexation with palladium(Ⅱ) in pharmaceutical formulations by spectrophotometry

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2013年第4期3卷 248-256页

作者： Syed Najmul Hejaz Azmi Bashir Iqbal Nada Said Hassan Al-Humaimi iman Rashid Saif Al-Salmani Noora Ali Saad Al-Ghafri Nafisur Rahman Department of Applied Sciences Chemistry SectionHigher College of Technology Department of Chemistry Aligarh Muslim University

An optimized and validated spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the complexa- tion reaction between cefixime and palladium ion in the presence of acidic buffer solution （pH 3） in ethanol-distilled water medium at room temperature. The complex absorbed maximally at 352 nm. Beer＇s law is obeyed in the working concentration range of 2.5-35 μg/mL with apparent molar absorptivity of 1.015×104 L/mol cm and Sandell＇s sensitivity of 0.001 μg/cm2/0.001 absorbance unit. The limits of detection and quantitation for the proposed method are 0.175 and 0.583μg/mL, respectively. The effect of common excipients used as additives has been studied in the determination of cefixime. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determina- tion of cefixime in pharmaceutical formulations. The results obtained by the proposed method were statistically compared with the reference method using t and F values and found no significant difference between the two methods.

关键词： Spectrophotometry Cefixime Palladium ion Pd(II)-cefixime complex

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Annexin A2 as a biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma in Egyptian patients

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World Journal of Hepatology 2017年第9期9卷 469-476页

作者： Mohamed K Shaker Hanzada I Abdel Fattah Ghada S Sabbour iman F Montasser Sara M Abdelhakam Eman El Hadidy Rehab Yousry Ahmed K El Dorry Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of MedicineAin Shams University Department of Clinical Pathology Faculty of MedicineAin Shams University Department of Radiodiagnosis and Inter-ventional Radiology Faculty of MedicineAin Shams University

AIM To investigate the clinical utility of serum annexin A2(ANXA2) as a diagnostic marker for early hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS This study was performed in HCC Clinic of Ain Shams University Hospitals, Cairo, Egypt and included: Group 1: Fifty patients with early stage HCC(Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A); Group 2: Twenty five patients with chronic liver disease; and Control Group: Fifteen healthy, age-and sex-matched subjects who were seronegative for viral hepatitis markers. The followinglaboratory investigations were done: Viral hepatitis markers [hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus(HCV) antibodies], HCV RNA in HCV antibody-positive patients, serum alpha fetoprotein(AFP), and serum ANXA2 *** In this study, 88% of HCC patients(n = 44) were HCVpositive, while HBV infection represented only 8% of all HCC patients(n = 4); and two patients were negative for both viral markers. A highly significant difference was found between patients with HCC and chronic liver disease as well as controls with regard to serum ANXA2 levels(130, IQR 15-240; 15, IQR 15-17; and 17, IQR 15-30 ng/m L, respectively). The area under the curve of ANXA2 was 0.865; the cut-off value was established to be 18 ng/mL with a diagnostic sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 88%, while the sensitivity and specificity of AFP at the cut-off value of 200 ng/dL were 20% and 100%, *** Serum ANXA2 may serve as a biomarker for the early detection of HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis C virus Annexin A2 Alpha-fetoprotein Tumor markers

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Serum Resistin Level and Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes Dysfunctions in Children on Regular Hemodialysis

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2015年第6期6卷 423-430页

作者： Maha Yousef Zein Manal Abdel-Salam iman Abdel-Aziz Naglaa Fathy Mohamed Department of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine (Girls) Al-Azhar University Cairo Egypt Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology Theodor Bilharz Research Institute Cairo Egypt

Resistin is a secretory adipocytoine, which is expressed mainly in humans by inflammatory cells especially macrophages. Resistin serum levels are elevated in end-stage renal diseases of people having an increased risk of infections as a result of impaired polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) functions. Objectives: To evaluate neutrophil functions (phagocytosis and oxidative burst) in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on regular hemodialysis and to shed light on the contribution of resistin on neutrophil functions. Patients and Methods: The study included 40 children with ESRD on regular hemodialysis. Their ages ranged from 6 to 12 years, and they were selected from children attending the pediatric hemodialysis unit of AL-Zahraa Hospital, Al-Azher University during the period from October 2012 to December 2013. Another group of 40 apparently healthy children with matched age and sex with the patient group served as a control. Serum resistin, phagocytic index and nitro blue tetrazolium test (NBT%) were assessed in both groups. Results: There was a statistically more significant increase in resistin serum levels in cases than in controls;it was (3.25 ± 0.86 ng/ml) and (0.25 ± 0.16 ng/ml) respectively

关键词： Chronic Kidney Disease Resistin Dialysis Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

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An Energy-Efficient and Low-Latency MAC Protocol in Smart Grid(SG-MAC)

An Energy-Efficient and Low-Latency MAC Protocol in Smart Gr...

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作者： Ehsan Banari Sayyed Majid Mazinani iman Sariri Ajili Imam Reza International University IACSIT Iranian Construction Engineering Organization Province of Khorasan Razavi

In this paper we propose a new protocol-namedSGMAC for reducing the energy consumption and shortening the time of data sending in smart grid to control media Access. This protocol uses sleeping and waking intervals distinct in the same duty cycle and the sender node will participate only in the period of receiving node over the ownership of the channel. Furthermore, we have compared the proposed protocol from the point of view of energy and delay with IEEE802.11 and SMAC in two different protocol topologies. In the simulation results illustrated that SG-MAC protocol using data gathering tree and apply collection sleep and waking intervals, less delay in comparison with the SMAC protocol and much less energy consumption in comparison with the IEEE802.11.

关键词： Smart grid(SG) medium channel access control(MAC) sensor-MAC(S-MAC) request to send(RTS) clear to send(CTS)

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