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Determinants of Adoption of Improved Rice Varieties in Northern Sindh, Pakistan

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Rice science 2018年第2期25卷 103-110页

作者： Abbas Ali chandio JIANG Yuansheng College of Economics Sichuan Agricultural University

Adoption of certified and improved high-yielding crop varieties is important avenue for increasing agricultural productivity and improving the living standard of the farmers in developing countries. The main objective of the current study was to examine factors affecting adoption of improved rice varieties by smallholder farmers in Northern Sindh, Pakistan. The random sampling technique was used to collect data from 220 smallholder rice farmers through the face to face interview. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and probit regression model. The empirical results showed that year of education(P ≤ 0.093), farming experience(P ≤ 0.043), soil quality(P ≤ 0.077), farm machinery ownership(P ≤ 0.000), access to market information(P ≤ 0.055) and contact with extension agents(P ≤ 0.006) had significantly positive influence on adoption of improved rice variety, while age(P ≤ 0.053) had significantly negative effect.

关键词： adoption technology improved variety smallholder farmer

Sentiment Analysis of Roman Urdu on E-Commerce Reviews Using Machine Learning

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2022年第6期131卷 1263-1287页

作者： Bilal chandio Asadullah Shaikh Maheen Bakhtyar Mesfer Alrizq Junaid Baber Adel Sulaiman Adel Rajab Waheed Noor Department of Computer Science and Information Technology University of BalochistanQuetta87300Pakistan College of Computer Science and Information Systems Najran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology University of BalochistanQuetta87300Pakistan

Sentiment analysis task has widely been studied for various languages such as English and French.However,Roman Urdu sentiment analysis yet requires more attention from peer-researchers due to the lack of Off-the-Shelf Natural Language Processing(NLP)solutions.The primary objective of this study is to investigate the diverse machine learning methods for the sentiment analysis of Roman Urdu data which is very informal in nature and needs to be lexically normalized.To mitigate this challenge,we propose a fine-tuned Support Vector Machine(SVM)powered by Roman Urdu Stemmer.In our proposed scheme,the corpus data is initially cleaned to remove the anomalies from the text.After initial pre-processing,each user review is being stemmed.The input text is transformed into a feature vector using the bag-of-word model.Subsequently,the SVM is used to classify and detect user sentiment.Our proposed scheme is based on a dictionary based Roman Urdu stemmer.The creation of the Roman Urdu stemmer is aimed at standardizing the text so as to minimize the level of complexity.The efficacy of our proposed model is also empirically evaluated with diverse experimental configurations,so as to fine-tune the hyper-parameters and achieve superior performance.Moreover,a series of experiments are conducted on diverse machine learning and deep learning models to compare the performance with our proposed model.We also introduced the largest dataset on Roman Urdu,i.e.,Roman Urdu e-commerce dataset(RUECD),which contains 26K+user reviews annotated by the group of experts.The RUECD is challenging and the largest dataset available of Roman Urdu.The experiments show that the newly generated dataset is quite challenging and requires more attention from the peer researchers for Roman Urdu sentiment analysis.

关键词： Sentiment analysis Roman Urdu machine learning SVM

Effects of droplet size and spray interval on root-to-shoot ratio,photosynthesis efficiency,and nutritional quality of aeroponically grown butter head lettuce

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第1期15卷 79-88页

作者： Mazhar Hussain Tunio Jianmin Gao Waqar Ahmed Qureshi Sher Ali Sheikh Jiedong Chen Farman Ali chandio Imran Ali Lakhiar Kashif Ali Solangi School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

The proper selection of the atomizer(droplet size)and nutrient solution spray interval is one of the most important factors to be investigated in aeroponics system for sustainable agriculture.The aim of this study was to research the effects of four aeroponics atomizing nozzles(one air-assisted;A_(1),two air-less;A_(2) and A_(3),and one ultrasonic fogger;A_(4))with droplet sizes of 11.24μm,26.35μm,17.38μm,and 4.89μm,respectively,four spray intervals(15 min(I_(1)),30 min(I_(2)),45 min(I_(3))and 60 min(I_(4)))at a 5 min of constant spray time by atomizing the Hoagland’s nutrient solution on growth,root-to-shoot ratio,photosynthesis characteristics,pigments,and nutritional quality of the aeroponically grown lettuce.The experimental results demonstrated that in A_(1) atomizer and I_(2) interval,the growth,photosynthesis efficiency,chlorophyll,carotenoids,and nutritional values of the lettuce were significantly higher compared to that grown in A_(2) and A_(3) atomizers at all spray intervals.The shoot developments were more constrained than root,prominent to the alteration of root-to-shoot ratio(fresh and dry)in the influence of different droplet sizes and spray intervals.Moreover,the plants did not grow well in A_(4) atomizer associated with proposed spray intervals.The results disclosed that there was an obvious interaction between droplet sizes(atomizers)and spray intervals for growth,the ratio of root to shoot,photosynthesis efficiency,pigments,and nutritional quality of the aeroponically grown lettuce.This research study increases the awareness of the proper droplet size(atomizer)and the regulation of nutrient solution spray interval for leafy vegetables grown in an aeroponics system.

关键词： aeroponics system atomizers droplet sizes photosynthesis efficiency chlorophyll contents quality of lettuce

Effects of soil mechanical properties on the height and tractive performance of rubber grouser at different moisture contents

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第6期15卷 31-37页

作者： Sher Ali Shaikh Yaoming Li Zheng Ma Farman Ali chandio Mazhar Hussain Tunio Fiaz Ahmad Kashif Ali Solangi School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Sindh Agriculture University 70060 Tando JamPakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan

Rubber tracked vehicles are commonly used on agricultural machinery that perform agricultural operations such as rice harvesting in soft paddy fields with low bearing capacity.Research was carried out to assess the influence of soil moisture content and mechanical properties on the tractive performance of a rubber grouser with three heights(45 mm,55 mm,60 mm).The direct shear test and penetration test were used in this study,which was based on a semi-empirical approach of determining tractive parameters.Direct shear tests were used to measure soil shear strength parameters such as cohesion,adhesion,internal and exterior friction angles.The results of the penetration test were used to determine tractive parameters such as soil thrust,running resistance,and traction,for the penetration test,a device was designed and developed.The experimental results revealed that soil cohesion and adhesion increased linearly with increasing soil moisture content,however adhesion dropped after 30.7%.Similarly,the soil thrust initially increased till 21.5%then decreased.Furthermore,running resistance had a decreasing trend over soil moisture content whereas maximum traction achieved for 45 mm grouser height at 21.5%moisture content.It was concluded that a rubber grouser with 45 mm height had better traction rather than 55 mm and 60 mm,it can be suitably used for designing a track system for a crawler vehicle(e.g.,harvester)leading to its greater adoption among the farmers.

关键词： soil moisture content traction rubber grouser soil mechanical properties tracked vehicle

Quranic Script Optical Text Recognition Using Deep Learning in IoT Systems

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第8期68卷 1847-1858页

作者： Mahmoud Badry Mohammed Hassanin Asghar chandio Nour Moustafa School of Engineering and Information Technology UNSW Canberra.ACTNewcastle NSW2620Australia Faculty of Computers and Information Fayoum UniversityFayoumEgypt Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science and TechnologyNawabshahPakistan

Since the worldwide spread of internet-connected devices and rapid advances made in Internet of Things(IoT)systems,much research has been done in using machine learning methods to recognize IoT sensors data.This is particularly the case for optical character recognition of handwritten scripts.Recognizing text in images has several useful applications,including content-based image retrieval,searching and document archiving.The Arabic language is one of the mostly used tongues in the world.However,Arabic text recognition in imagery is still very much in the nascent stage,especially handwritten text.This is mainly due to the language complexities,different writing styles,variations in the shape of characters,diacritics,and connected nature of Arabic text.In this paper,two deep learning models were proposed.The first model was based on a sequence-to-sequence recognition,while the second model was based on a fully convolution network.To measure the performance of these models,a new dataset,called QTID(Quran Text Image Dataset)was devised.This is the first Arabic dataset that includes Arabic diacritics.It consists of 309,720 different 192×64 annotated Arabic word images,which comprise 2,494,428 characters in total taken from the Holy Quran.The annotated images in the dataset were randomly divided into 90%,5%,and 5%sets for training,validation,and testing purposes,respectively.Both models were set up to recognize the Arabic Othmani font in the QTID.Experimental results show that the proposed methods achieve state-of-the-art outcomes.Furthermore,the proposed models surpass expectations in terms of character recognition rate,F1-score,average precision,and recall values.They are superior to the best Arabic text recognition engines like Tesseract and ABBYY FineReader.

关键词： OCR quranic script IoT deep learning

Rational design of nanoarray structures for lithium-sulfur batteries:recent advances and future prospects

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Materials Futures

Materials Futures 2023年第4期2卷 53-78页

作者： Longtao Ren Jun Liu Abdul Hameed Pato Yan Wang Xiwen Lu Imran Ali chandio Mingyue Zhou Wen Liu Haijun Xu Xiaoming Sun College of Chemistry Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering Beijing 100029People’s Republic of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering Beijing 100029People’s Republic of China Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology Department of Chemical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China College of Mathematics and Physics Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029People’s Republic of China

Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are considered as promising candidates for future-generation energy storage systems due to their prominent theoretical energy density.However,their application is still hindered by several critical issues,e.g.,the low conductivity of sulfur species,the shuttling effects of soluble lithium polysulfides,volumetric expansion,sluggish redox kinetics,and uncontrollable Li dendritic formation.Considerable research efforts have been devoted to breaking through the obstacles that are preventing Li-S batteries from realizing practical application.Recently,benefiting from the no additives/binders,buffer of volume change,high sulfur loading and suppression of lithium dendrites,nanoarray(NA)structures have have emerged as efficient and durable electrodes in Li-S batteries.In this work,recent advances in the design,synthesis and application of NA structures in Li-S batteries are reviewed.First,the multifunctional merits and typical synthetic strategies of employing NA structure electrodes for Li-S batteries are outlined.Second,the applications of NA structures in Li-S batteries are discussed comprehensively.Finally,the challenge and rational design of NA structure for Li-S batteries are analyzed in depth,with the aim of providing promising orientations for the commercialization of high-energy-density Li-S batteries.

关键词： nanoarrays electrocatalysts surface and interface engineering lithium–sulfur batteries modulated strategies

Towards adaptable and tunable cloud-based map-matching strategy for GPS trajectories

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2016年第12期17卷 1305-1319页

作者： Aftab Ahmed chandio Nikos TZIRITAS Fan ZHANG Ling YIN Cheng-Zhong XU Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen 518055 China Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Sindh Jamshoro 70680 Pakistan Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wayne State University Detroit 48202 USA

智慧城市为智能交通管理和交通网络智能应用的发展提供了巨大推动力。近来,智能交通系统(Intelligent transportation systems,ITSs)和移动位置服务(Location-based services,LBSs)也成为了研究领域的热点。交通领域数据量在快速不断增... 详细信息

智慧城市为智能交通管理和交通网络智能应用的发展提供了巨大推动力。近来,智能交通系统(Intelligent transportation systems,ITSs)和移动位置服务(Location-based services,LBSs)也成为了研究领域的热点。交通领域数据量在快速不断增长,云计算在巨量数据的存储、接入、管理和处理方面有着巨大作用。交通领域相当比例的数据为GPS数据,此类数据具有非频繁、含噪声等特性,这使得维护基于GPS的实时交通软件的服务质量较为困难。在诸多智能交通系统应用中,地图匹配处理起着将GPS观测点准确排列于路网中的关键作用。考虑到准确性时,地图匹配策略的性能由两个连续的GPS观测点间的最短路径决定;另一方面,处理最短路径查询(Processing shortest path queries,SPQs)耗费着较高计算量。现有的地图匹配技术采用固定参数(固定的候选点数量,固定的误差圆半径)的办法,这可能导致确认线路分段时产生不确定性,也可导致低精度结果(或需进行大量SPQ处理以保证精度)。此外,由于采样错误的存在,较高采样时间(大于10 s)内的GPS数据常含有冗余数据,这也导致需要额外的SPQ处理。由于SPQ处理导致的高运算量问题,现有的地图匹配策略并不能实现实时应用。在本文中,我们提出一种实时地图匹配方法(Real-time map-matching,RT-MM)。该方法以云计算为基础,是一种全自适应地图匹配策略,能够应对实时GPS轨迹地图匹配中SPQ处理的关键问题。本研究还通过基于虚拟数据和实际数据的仿真,对所述方法与现有方法的性能进行了比较。

关键词：地图匹配 GPS轨迹可调节云计算块同步并行计算(Bulk synchronous parallel,BSP)

Livestock production and population census in Pakistan:Determining their relationship with agricultural GDP using econometric analysis

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2017年第2期4卷 168-177页

作者： Abdul Rehman Luan Jingdong Abbas Ali chandio Imran Hussain College of Economics and Management Anhui Agricultural UniversityChina College of Economics and Management Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChina Allama Iqbal Open University Pakistan

Livestock is a subsector of Pakistan agriculture which contributes approximately 56%of value addition in agriculture and nearly 11%to the gross domestic product(GDP).Livestock production makes a major contribution to agriculture value added services.In order to highlight the actual performance of livestock production and livestock and poultry products,the study explored the relationship between agricultural GDP and livestock product output,including milk,beef,mutton,poultry meat,eggs,wool,hair,skins,hides and bones,in Pakistan over the 35 year period from 1980 to 2015.Time series data were collected from the National Food Security and Research,the Economic Survey of Pakistan and the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics(various publications).Livestock data were analysed using the ordinary least squares(OLS)method and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller(ADF)test,and the results were interpreted using the Johansen co-integration test.Our study found that the output of milk,fat,eggs,bones and mutton has a positive,significant relationship to the agricultural GDP of Pakistan,while the output of beef,poultry meat,wool,hair,skins and hides has a negative,insignificant relationship to the agricultural GDP of Pakistan.Therefore,the study suggests that the government of Pakistan initiates new funding schemes for the development of the livestock sector.

关键词： Livestock Population census Animal husbandry Poultry OLS Agricultural GDP

Molecular epidemiology, characterization of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance profile of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from dairy farms in China and Pakistan

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第5期22卷 1514-1528页

作者： Ambreen LEGHARI Shakeel Ahmed LAKHO Faiz Muhammad KHAND Khaliq ur Rehman BHUTTO Sameen Qayoom LONE Muhammad Tahir ALEEM Iqra BANO Muhammad Ali chandio Jan Muhammad SHAH LIN Hui-xing FAN Hong-jie MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety College of Veterinary MedicineNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Sakrand 67210Pakistan Central Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory Tando Jam 70050Pakistan Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009P.R.China

Streptococcus agalactiae is one of the most common pathogens that cause bovine mastitis worldwide. Identifying pathogen prevalence and virulence factors is critical for developing prevention and control approaches. Herein, 1 161 milk samples from various dairy farms in China(n=558) and Pakistan(n=603) were collected between 2019–2021 and were subjected to S. agalactiae isolation. Prevalence, serotyping, virulence genes, and antibiotic-resistant genes of S. agalactiae were evaluated by PCR assay. All isolates were characterized for haemolysis, biofilm production, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion on bovine mammary epithelial cells. The prevalence of S. agalactiae-induced mastitis in cattle was found to be considerably higher in Pakistan than in China. Jiangsu and Sindh provinces had the highest area-wise prevalence in China and Pakistan, respectively. Serotypes Ia and II were prevalent in both countries, whereas serotype III was found only in Pakistan. Moreover, all isolates tested positive for PI-2b gene but negative for PI-1 and PI-2a genes. All isolates harboured cfb, cylE, hylB, and fbsB virulent genes, whereas many of them lacked bibA, rib and bca. However, the absence of bac and scp genes in Chinese isolates and cspA in Pakistani isolates was noted, while spb1 and lmb were not detected in isolates of both countries. Pakistani isolates, particularly serotype Iapositive, had a considerably higher ability to produce biofilm, haemolysis, cytotoxicity, adhesion, and invasion than Chinese isolates. Most of the isolates were phenotypically resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, and clindamycin and genotypic resistance was confirmed by the presence of ermA, ermB, tetM and tetO genes. Our study highlights the antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence-related factors contributing to the epidemiological spread of mastitis-causing S. agalactiae in China and Pakistan. The findings may facilitate future studies designed to develop improved treatment and control strategies against this pathogen.

关键词： Streptococcus agalactiae mastitis epidemiology virulence characterization antibiotic resistance