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Complete thermoelectric benchmarking of individual InSb nanowires using combined micro-Raman and electric transport analysis

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Nano Research 2015年第12期8卷 4048-4060页

作者： Sara Yazji Eric A. Hoffman Daniele Ercolani Francesco Rossella Alessandro Pitanti Alessandro Cavalli Stefano Roddaro Gerhard Abstreiter Lucia Sorba ilaria Zardo Walter Schottky Institut & Physik Department Technische Universittht MGJnchen Garching D-85748 Germany Institute for Advanced Study Technische Universitat Munchen Garching D-8S748 Germany NEST Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa 1-56127 Italy Department of Physics University of Basel CH-4055 Basel Switzerland

Nanowires （NWs） are ideal nanostructures for exploring the effects of low dimensionality and thermal conductivity suppression on thermoelectric behavior. However, it is challenging to accurately measure temperature gradients and heat flow in such systems. Here, using a combination of spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy and transport measurements, we determine all the thermoelectric properties of single Se-doped InSb NWs and quantify the figure of merit ZT. The measured laser-induced heating in the NWs and associated electrical response are well described by a 1D heat equation model. Our method allows the determination of the thermal contact resistances at the source and drain electrodes of the NW, which are negligible in our system. The measured thermoelectric parameters of InSb NWs agree well with those obtained based on field-effect transistor Seebeck measurements.

关键词： thermoelectric thermoelectric figure ofmerit Raman spectroscopy field-effect transistor measurements nanowire InSb

Gastrointestinal involvement in paediatric COVID-19 — from pathogenesis to clinical management: A comprehensive review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第23期27卷 3303-3316页

作者： Carmelina Calitri ilaria Fumi Maria Giovanna Ignaccolo Elena Banino Stefania Benetti Maria MaddalenaLupica Francesca Fantone Mariella Pace Franco Garofalo Department of Paediatrics Infermi HospitalASLTO3Rivoli 10098Italy

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),is responsible for the first pandemic of the 21st *** found in adults,signs and symptoms related to the disease mainly involve the respiratory tract in the paediatric ***,a considerable number of children present with gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting,abdominal pain,and *** purpose of this review is an accurate description,from pathogenesis to clinical presentation,diagnosis and treatment,of COVID-19 effects on the gastrointestinal system at a paediatric ***-CoV-2 can be identified in stool specimens of affected children by real-time polymerase chain reaction *** can last for several weeks after the end of the symptomatic *** signs and symptoms are generally self-limited,can correlate with blood tests and imaging alterations,and may require supportive treatment such as ***,they can precede severe disease manifestations such as the COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory *** belonging to risk categories such as those affected by celiac disease,inflammatory bowel disease,and hepatic disease seem to not have a more severe course than the others,even if they are undergoing immunosuppressant *** follow-ups of patients with chronic diseases need to be revised during the pandemic period in order to postpone unnecessary tests,mainly endoscopic ones.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Paediatric Gastrointestinal Diarrhea Hydration

Genetic analysisofsuicide:asamplestudyinTuscany(CentralItaly)

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 790-797页

作者： Martina Focardi Barbara Gualco Vilma Pinchi Norelli Gian-Aristide Regina Rensi Elisabetta Pelo ilaria Carboni Ugo Ricci Division of Genetic Diagnostics University Hospital“Careggi”FlorenceItaly

Many studies have examined the genetic contribution to ***,data on suicide in the Italian population are *** therefore aimed to address this gap by investigating a cohort of 111 Italians for whom a verdict of suicide had been declared in court in Florence,Italy between 2007 and *** cohort included 86 men and 25 *** samples were obtained from tissues or blood,and 22 genes from multiple neurobiological pathways previously shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of suicide were ***-generation sequencing was used to compare these gene sequences with those from a large,normal *** this study,we identified 19 gene variants that were present at significantly lower frequencies in our Italian cohort than in the general *** addition,four missense mutations were identified in four different genes:Monoamine Oxidase A(MAOA),5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2 A(HTR2A),Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 8(SCN8A),and Nitric Oxide Synthase 3(NOS3).Our study identified several potential genetic links with suicide in a cohort of Italians and supports a relationship between specific genetic variants and suicidal behaviour in this population.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics suicide MAOA HTR2A SCN8A NOS3

Transmission of vector vortex beams in dispersive media

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Advanced Photonics 2020年第3期2卷 42-49页

作者： ilaria Gianani Alessia Suprano Taira Giordani NicolòSpagnolo Fabio Sciarrino Dimitris Gorpas Vasilis Ntziachristos Katja Pinker Netanel Biton Judy Kupferman Shlomi Arnong Sapienza Universitàdi Roma Dipartimento di FisicaRomeItaly Universitàdegli Studi Roma Tre Dipartimento di ScienzeRomeItaly Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto dei Sistemi ComplessiRomaItaly Technische Universität München Biological Imaging and Center for Translational Cancer ResearchMunichGermany Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging Helmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany Medical University of Vienna Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided TherapyMolecular and Gender Imaging ServiceViennaAustria Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Department of Electrical and Computer EngineeringBeer ShevaIsrael

Scattering phenomena affect light propagation through any kind of medium from free space to biological *** appropriate strategies to increase the robustness to scattering is the common requirement in developing both communication protocols and imaging ***,structured light has attracted attention due to its seeming scattering resistance in terms of transmissivity and spatial ***,correlation between optical polarization and orbital angular momentum(OAM),which characterizes the so-called vector vortex beams(VVBs)states,seems to allow for the preservation of the polarization *** extend the analysis by investigating both the spatial features and the polarization structure of vectorial optical vortexes propagating in scattering media with different *** the observed features,we find a sudden swift decrease in contrast ratio for Gaussian,OAM,and VVB modes for concentrations of the adopted scattering media exceeding 0.09%.Our analysis provides a more general and complete study on the propagation of structured light in dispersive and scattering media.

关键词： orbital angular momentum scattering phenomena turbulent media optical polarization vector vortex beams

The surprising‘Coeliac Chinese box’from Italy

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Gastroenterology Report 2021年第5期9卷 478-479,I0003页

作者： Chiara Maria Trovato Monica Montuori Annalisa Morelli Elena Lionetti Giulia Naspi-Catassi ilaria Laudadio Francesco Valitutti Carlo Catassi Maternal and Child Health Department Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver UnitSapienza—University of RomeRomeItaly Department of Pediatrics Marche Polytechnic UniversityAnconaItaly Department of Molecular Medicine Sapienza-University of RomeRomeItaly Pediatric Unit AOU San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi di AragonaSalernoItaly European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno SalernoItaly Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and NutritionMassachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Coeliac disease(CD)-an autoimmune systemic disorder elicited by gluten in genetically predisposed individuals-can be considered a major public-health *** prevalence is increasing in areas such as Asian *** global seroprevalence of CD is 1.4%,the highest being in Europe and Oceania,and very low in Southern America;however,few data are available for Asian countries,especially for China[1].

关键词：乳糜泻 Asian 令人

Relationship between adipose tissue dysfunction, vitamin D deficiency and the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第19期23卷 3407-3417页

作者： Flavia A Cimini ilaria Barchetta Simone Carotti Laura Bertoccini Marco G Baroni Umberto Vespasiani-Gentilucci Maria-Gisella Cavallo Sergio Morini Department of Experimental Medicine Sapienza University of Rome Laboratory of Microscopic and Ultrastructural Anatomy(CIR) Faculty of MedicineUniversity Campus Bio-Medico Internal Medicine and Hepatology University Campus Bio-Medico

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the most common chronic liver disease *** pathogenesis is complex and not yet fully *** the years many studies have proposed various pathophysiological hypotheses,among which the currently most widely accepted is the"multiple parallel hits"*** to this model,lipid accumulation in the hepatocytes and insulin resistance increase the vulnerability of the liver to many factors that act in a coordinated and cooperative manner to promote hepatic injury,inflammation and *** these factors,adipose tissue dysfunction and subsequent chronic low grade inflammation play a crucial *** studies have shown that vitamin D exerts an immune-regulating action on adipose tissue,and the growing wealth of epidemiological data is demonstrating that hypovitaminosis D is associated with both obesity and ***,given the strong association between these conditions,current findings suggest that vitamin D may be involved in the relationship between adipose tissue dysfunction and *** purpose of this review is to provide an overview of recent advances in the pathogenesis of NAFLD in relation to adipose tissue dysfunction,and in the pathophysiology linking vitamin D deficiency with NAFLD and adiposity,together with an overview of the evidence available on the clinical utility of vitamin D supplementation in cases of NAFLD.

关键词： Adipose tissue dysfunction Vitamin D Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Steatosis Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Obesity Adipokines

Acute kidney injury and post-reperfusion syndrome in liver transplantation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第42期22卷 9314-9323页

作者： ilaria Umbro Francesca Tinti Irene Scalera Felicity Evison Bridget Gunson Adnan Sharif James Ferguson Paolo Muiesan Anna Paola Mitterhofer Department of Clinical Medicine Nephrology and Dialysis B Sapienza University of Rome The Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham Department of Health Informatics University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust National Institute for Health Research Birmingham Liver Biomedical Research Unit the Liver Unit Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham the Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy University of Birmingham Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham

In the past decades liver transplantation(LT) has become the treatment of choice for patients with end stage liver disease(ESLD). The chronic shortage of cadaveric organs for transplantation led to the utilization of a greater number of marginal donors such as older donors or donors after circulatory death(DCD). The improved survival of transplanted patients has increased the frequency of long-term complications, in particular chronic kidney disease(CKD). Acute kidney injury(AKI) post-LT has been recently recognized as an important risk factor for the occurrence of denovo CKD in the long-term outcome. The onset of AKI post-LT is multifactorial, with pre-LT risk factors involved, including higher Model for End-stage Liver Disease score, more sever ESLD and pre-existing renal dysfunction, either with intra-operative conditions, in particular ischaemia reperfusion injury responsible for post-reperfusion syndrome(PRS) that can influence recipient's morbidity and mortality. Post-reperfusion syndrome-induced AKI is an important complication post-LT that characterizes kidney involvement caused by PRS with mechanisms not clearly understood and implication on graft and patient survival. Since preLT risk factors may influence intra-operative events responsible for PRS-induced AKI, we aim to consider all the relevant aspects involved in PRS-induced AKI in the setting of LT and to identify all studies that better clarified the specific mechanisms linking PRS and AKI. A Pub Med search was conducted using the terms liver transplantation AND acute kidney injury; liver transplantation AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND post-reperfusion syndrome; acute kidney injury AND DCD AND liver transplantation. Five hundred seventy four articles were retrieved on Pub Med search. Results were limited to title/abstract of English-language articles published between 2000 and 2015. Twenty-three studies were identified that specifically evaluated incidence, risk factors and outc

关键词： Liver transplantation Acute kidney injury Post-reperfusion syndrome Donation after circulatory death Chronic kidney disease

Chronic rejection after liver transplantation:Opening the Pandora’s box

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第45期27卷 7771-7783页

作者： Roberta Angelico Bruno Sensi Tommaso M Manzia Giuseppe Tisone Giuseppe Grassi Alessandro Signorello Martina Milana ilaria Lenci Leonardo Baiocchi Department of Surgery Sciences HPB and Transplant UnitUniversity of Tor VergataRome 00100Italy Hepatology Unit University of Tor VergataRome 00100Italy

Chronic rejection(CR)of liver allografts causes damage to intrahepatic vessels and bile ducts and may lead to graft failure after liver *** its prevalence has declined steadily with the introduction of potent immunosuppressive therapy,CR still represents an important cause of graft injury,which might be irreversible,leading to graft loss requiring *** date,we still do not fully appreciate the mechanisms underlying this *** addition to T cell-mediated CR,which was initially the only recognized type of CR,recently a new form of liver allograft CR,antibody-mediated CR,has been *** has indeed opened an era of thriving research and renewed interest in the *** biopsy is needed for a definitive diagnosis of CR,but current research is aiming to identify new non-invasive tools for predicting patients at risk for CR after liver ***,the minimization or withdrawal of immunosuppressive therapy might influence the establishment of subclinical CR-related injury,which should not be *** for CR may only be effective in the“early”phases,and a tailored management of the immunosuppression regimen is essential for preventing irreversible liver ***,we provide an overview of the current knowledge and research on CR,focusing on early detection,identification of non-invasive biomarkers,immunosuppressive management,re-transplantation and future perspectives of CR.

关键词： Liver transplantation Chronic rejection Immunosuppression T cell-mediated rejection Antibody-mediated rejection Donor-specific antibody Re-transplantation Graft loss Complications Outcomes

Measurement of body composition as a surrogate evaluation of energy balance in obese patients

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World Journal of Methodology 2015年第1期5卷 1-9页

作者： Carlo Maria Rotella ilaria Dicembrini Section of Endocrinology Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences University of Florence Medical School Obesity Agency Diabetes Agency Careggi University Hospital Diabetes Agency Careggi University Hospital

In clinical practice obesity is primarily diagnosed through the body mass index. In order to characterize patients affected by obesity the use of traditional anthropometric measures appears misleading. Beyond the body mass index, there are overwhelming evidences towards the relevance of a more detailed description of the individual phenotype by characterizing the main body componentsas free-fat mass, muscle mass, and fat mass. Among the numerous techniques actually available, bioelectrical impedance analysis seems to be the most suitable in a clinical setting because it is simple, inexpensive, noninvasive, and highly reproducible. To date, there is no consensus concerning the use of one preferred equation for the resting energy expenditure in overweight and/or obese population. Energy restriction alone is an effective strategy to achieve an early and significant weight loss, however it results in a reduction of both fat and lean mass therefore promoting or aggravating an unfavourable body composition(as sarcobesity) in terms of mortality and comorbidities. Therefore the implementation of daily levels of physical activity should be simultaneously promoted. The major role of muscle mass in the energy balance has been recently established by the rising prevalence of the combination of two condition as sarcopenia and obesity. Physical exercise stimulates energy expenditure, thereby directly improving energy balance, and also promotes adaptations such as fiber type, mitochondrial biogenesis, improvement of insulin resistance, and release of myokines, which may influence different tissues, including muscle.

关键词： Obesity Body composition Bioelectrical impedance analysis Energy expenditure Sarcobesity