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Advancing immunosuppression in liver transplantation: A narrative review

Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第5期23卷 441-448页

作者： Samuele Iesari Francesca Laura Nava ilaria Elena Zais Laurent Coubeau Mariano Ferraresso Evaldo Favi Jan Lerut General Surgery and Kidney Transplantation Fondazione IRCCS Ca’Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico15 Via della Commenda20122 MilanItaly Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique Universitécatholique de Louvain10 Avenue Hippocrate1200 BrusselsBelgium Service de Chirurgie et Transplantation Abdominale Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc55 Avenue Hippocrate1200 BrusselsBelgium Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health Universitàdegli Studi di Milano19 Via della Commenda20122 MilanItaly

Immunosuppression is essential to ensure recipient and graft survivals after liver transplantation(LT). However, our understanding and management of the immune system remain suboptimal. Current immunosuppressive therapy cannot selectively inhibit the graft-specific immune response and entails a significant risk of serious side effects, i.e., among others, de novo cancers, infections, cardiovascular events, renal failure, metabolic syndrome, and late graft fibrosis, with progressive loss of graft function. Pharmacological research, aimed to develop alternative immunosuppressive agents in LT, is behind other solidorgan transplantation subspecialties, and, therefore, the development of new compounds and strategies should get priority in LT. The research trajectories cover mechanisms to induce T-cell exhaustion, to inhibit co-stimulation, to mitigate non-antigen-specific inflammatory response, and, lastly, to minimize the development and action of donor-specific antibodies. Moreover, while cellular modulation techniques are complex, active research is underway to foster the action of T-regulatory cells, to induce tolerogenic dendritic cells, and to promote the function of B-regulatory cells. We herein discuss current lines of research in clinical immunosuppression, particularly focusing on possible applications in the LT setting.

关键词： Liver transplantation Immunosuppression Drug development Long-term results Clinical operational tolerance

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Virtual anthropology:a preliminary test of macroscopic observation versus 3D surface scans and computed tomography(CT)scans

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Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第1期6卷 34-41页

作者： Claudine Abegg ilaria Balbo Alejandro Dominguez Silke Grabherr Lorenzo Campana Negahnaz Moghaddam Unit of Forensic Imaging and Anthropology University Center of Legal Medicine Lausanne-GenevaLausanneSwitzerland Dipartimento di Scienze biologiche Universita di BolognaBolognaItaly School of Health Sciences(HESAV) University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland(HES-SO)DelemontSwitzerland Swiss Human Institute of Forensic Taphonomy LausanneSwitzerland

Virtual anthropology(VA)is based on applying anthropological methods currently used to analyse bones to 3D models of human *** great advances have been made in this endeavour in the past decade,several interrogations concerning how reliable these models are and what their proper use should be remain *** this research,a fundamental assumption of VA has been investigated:if the way we perceive and apply an anthropological method is truly similar when looking at bones macroscopically and through various 3D *** order to answer,10 skulls of known age and sex were scanned using a computed tomography(CT)scanner and a 3D surface *** observers separately applied a defined staging method to eight suture sites on these skulls,first looking at the bone macroscopically,then at the 3D surface scan,and finally on the CT *** rounds of observation were carried out by each ***-and inter-observer error were evaluated,and two sample t-tests used to evaluate if the different types of medium used yielded significantly different *** results show a high degree of inter-observer error,and that data obtained from 3D surface scans differ from macroscopic observation(confidence level 95%,P≤0.05).CT scans,in these settings,yielded results comparable to those obtained through macroscopic *** results offer many possibilities for future research,including indications on the kind of anthropological methods and anatomical landmarks that might be reliably transferable to the virtual *** current methods used in traditional anthropology should be tested,and if they prove unreliable,new techniques to analyse bones from virtual models should be developed.

关键词： Forensic sciences virtual anthropology CT scan 3D surface scan forensic anthropology cranial sutures

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Efficacy of penile low-intensity shockwave treatment for erectile dysfunction:correlation with the severity of cavernous artery disease

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2021年第5期23卷 462-467页

作者： Nicola Caretta Maurizio De Rocco Ponce Nadia Minicuci ilaria De Santis Pierfrancesco Palego Andrea Garolla Carlo Foresta Department of Medicine University of PadovaPadova 35128Italy CNR Neuroscience InstitutePadova 35128Italy Foresta Foundation Onlus for Biomedical Research Padova 35128Italy

We analyzed the efficacy of penile low-intensity extracorporeal shockwave treatment for erectile dysfunction(ED)combined with cavernous artery disease(CAD).ED was evaluated by the International Index of Erectile Function,subdividing patients into mild and moderate/severe *** was assessed using penile color Doppler ***(n=111)with a positive outcome after treatment,based upon the minimal clinically important difference of the International Index of ED,were followed up for 3 months and 6 *** found a significant mean increase in the index of erectile function,with an overall improvement in hemodynamic parameters of the cavernous *** particular,93.9%of the patients with mild ED without CAD responded to treatment and 72.7%resumed normal erectile *** 31.2%of the patients with moderate/severe ED and CAD responded to treatment,and none resumed normal erectile *** patients with mild ED and no CAD maintained the effects of therapy after 3 months,while no patients with moderate/severe ED and CAD maintained the benefits of treatment after 3 ***,patients with mild ED and no CAD have better and longer lasting responses to such treatment,with a higher probability of resuming normal erectile function than patients with moderate/severe ED and CAD.

关键词： cavernous artery disease erectile dysfunction extracorporeal shockwave therapy International Index of Erectile Dysfunction penile color Doppler ultrasound

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Experimental characterization of Ti6AI4V T joints welded through linear friction welding technique： microstructure and NDE

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Advances in Manufacturing 2016年第4期4卷 305-313页

作者： Antonello Astarita Mario Coppola Sergio Esposito Mariacira Liberini Leandro Maio ilaria Papa Fabio Scherillo Antonino Squillace Department of Chemical Materials and ProductionEngineering University of Naples "Federico II" PiazzaleTecchio 80 80125 Naples Italy Fox Bit srl viale Luraghi presso consorzio I1 Sole80038 Pomigliano d'Arco NA Italy Leonardo Company S.p.A.- Aircraft Division Engineering -AT&D Manufacturing and Assembly Research andDevelopment Viale dell'Aeronantica s/n80038 Pomigliano d'Arco NA Italy Department of Industrial Engineering - Aerospace Division University of Naples "Federico II" Via Claudio 21 NaplesItaly

Linear friction welding （LFW） is an innovative solid-state welding technique that allows to manufacture joints with high mechanical properties. This technology has various applications in the aerospace field; in particular it is used to weld massive structural components made of Ti6A14V. This paper deals with the experimental study of Ti6A14V T-joints welded through LFW, with particular focus on the effectiveness of ultrasonic control in detecting and distinguishing welding defects within the joints. Aiming to this scope, joints with different properties were manufactured and tested： some were free from defects but with different metallurgy, and some had different types of defects. The results obtained proved that the ultrasonic control was an effective method to detect and identify defects in linear friction welded titanium joints, moreover it was possible to get information regarding the microstructure and in particular the extension of the different metallurgical zones induced by the welding process.

关键词： Ti6A14V Ultrasonic control Linear frictionwelding (LFW) Microstructure Defects

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Tulip bundle technique and fibrin glue injection:Unusual treatment of colonic perforation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第8期17卷 1088-1090页

作者： Filippo Mocciaro Gabriele Curcio ilaria Tarantino Luca Barresi Marco Spada Sergio Li Petri Mario Traina Department of Gastroenterology IsMeTT UPMC Surgery Unit IsMeTT UPMC

We report a case of a 63-year-old male who experienced an iatrogenic sigmoid perforation repaired combining three endoscopic *** lesion was large and irregular with three discrete perforations,therefore,we decided to close it by placing one clip per perforation,and then connecting all the clips with two *** we chose to use a fibrin glue injection to obtain a complete *** days after the colonoscopy the patient underwent a laparoscopic right hemicolectomy due to evidence of a large polyp of the caecum with high grade dysplasia and focal carcinoma in *** of the sigma showed complete repair of the *** report underlines how a conservative approach,together with a combination of various endoscopic techniques,can resolve complicated iatrogenic perforations of the colon.

关键词： Colonic perforation Endoscopic treatment Fibrin glue injection Tulip bundle technique

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CYP72A67 Catalyzes a Key Oxidative Step in Medicago truncatula Hemolytic Saponin Biosynthesis

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Molecular Plant 2015年第10期8卷 1493-1506页

作者： Elisa Biazzi Maria Carelli Aldo Tava Pamela Abbruscato ilaria Losini Pinarosa Avato Carla Scotti Ornella Calderini Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e I'analisi dell'economia agraria (CRA) Centro di Ricerche per le Produzioni Foraggere e Lattiero Casearie 26900 Lodi Italy Parco Tecnologico Padano 26900 Lodi Italy Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco Universita degli Studi di Bad Aldo Moro 70125 Bari Italy Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR) Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse 06128 Perugia Italy These authors contributed equally to this article.

In the Medicago genus, triterpenic saponins are bioactive secondary metabolites constitutively synthesized in the aerial and subterranean parts of plants via the isoprenoid pathway. Exploitation of saponins as pharmaceutics, agrochemicals and in the food and cosmetic industries has raised interest in identifying the enzymes involved in their synthesis. We have identified a cytochrome P450 （CYP72A67） involved in hemolytic sapogenin biosynthesis by a reverse genetic TILLING approach in a Medicago truncatula ethyl- methanesulfonate （EMS） mutagenized collection. Genetic and biochemical analyses, mutant complementation, and expression of the gene in a microsome yeast system showed that CYP72A67 is responsible for hydroxylation at the C-2 position downstream of oleanolic acid synthesis. The affinity of CYP72A67 for substrates with different substitutions at multiple carbon positions was investigated in the same in vitro yeast system, and in relation to two other CYP450s （CYP72A68） responsible for the production of medicagenic acid, the main sapogenin in M. truncatula leaves and roots. Full sib mutant and wild-type plants were compared for their sapogenin profile, expression patterns of the genes involved in sapogenin synthesis, and response to inoculation with Sinorhizobium meliloti. The results obtained allowed us to revise the hemolytic sapogenin pathway in M. truncatula and contribute to highlighting the tissue specificities （leaves/roots） of sapogenin synthesis.

关键词： Medicago truncatula saponin pathway cytochrome P450 CYP72A67 CYP72A68 TILLING analysis

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Completely obstructed colorectal anastomosis: A new non-electrosurgical endoscopic approach before balloon dilatation

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第37期16卷 4751-4754页

作者： Gabriele Curcio Marco Spada Fabrizio di Francesco ilaria Tarantino Luca Barresi Gaetano Burgio Mario Traina Department of Gastroenterology IsMeTT UPMC

Benign stricture is a relatively common complication of colorectal anastomosis after low anterior resection. On occasion, the anastomosis may close completely. A variety of endoscopic techniques have been described, but there is a lack of data from controlled prospective trials as to the optimal approach. Through-the-scope balloon dilatation is well known and easy to perform. Some case reports describe different endoscopic approaches, including endoscopic electrocision with a papillotomy knife or hook knife. We report a case of a colorectal anastomosis web occlusion, treated without electrocision. Gastrografin enema and sigmoidoscopy showed complete obstruction at the anastomotic site due to the presence of an anastomotic occlusive web. In order to avoid thermal injuries, we decided to use a suprapapillary biliary puncture catheter. The Artifon catheter was inserted into the center of the circular staple line at the level of the anastomosis, and fluoroscopic identification of the proximal bowel was obtained with dye injection. A 0.025-inch guidewire was then passed through the catheter into the colon and progressive pneumatic dilatation was performed. The successful destruction of the occlusive web facilitated passage of the colonoscope, allowing evaluation of the entire colon and stoma closure after three months of follow-up. The patient tolerated the procedure well, with no complications. This report highlights an alternative non-electrosurgical approach that uses a new device that proved to be safe and useful.

关键词： Anastomosis Dilation Balloon Obstructed Artifon

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Red-emitting tetraphenylethylene derivative with aggregation-induced enhanced emission for luminescent solar concentrators:A combined experimental and density functional theory study

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Aggregate 2022年第2期3卷 177-186页

作者： Cosimo Micheletti Qinfan Wang Francesco Ventura Michele Turelli ilaria Ciofini Carlo Adamo Andrea Pucci Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of PisaPisaItaly École nationale supérieure de chimie de Paris Centre national de la recherche scientifiqueInstitute of Chemistry for Life and Health SciencesPSL Research UniversityParisFrance Institut Universitaire de France ParisFrance

This study examines the use of an aggregation-induced enhanced emission fluorophore(TPE-MRh)to prepare red-emitting luminescent solar concentrators(LSCs)based on poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)and poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate)(PCMA).TPE-MRh is a tetraphenylethylene(TPE)derivative bearing two dimethylamino push groups and a 3-methyl-rhodanine pull moiety,with absorption maxima at around 500 nm and fluorescence peak at 700 nm that strongly increases in ***-MRh displays a typical crystallizationinduced enhanced emission that has been rationalized by modeling the compound behavior in solution and solid-state via density functional theory calculations with the inclusion of the ***-MRh dispersed into 5×5 cm2 polymer films with a thickness of 25±5μm has revealed a partial fluorescence quenching with fluorophore *** yields(QYs)below 10%for the 2 wt.%of doping have been addressed to the formation of less emissive micro-sized clusters of *** slabs with the same surface size but 3 mm of thickness and 200 ppm of TPE-MRh have provided QY of 36.5%thanks to the attenuation of the detrimental effects of fluorophore *** feature is reflected in the LSCs performance,with devices achieving the largest power collected by the photovoltaic cell.

关键词： aggregation-induced enhanced emission density functional theory luminescent solar concentrators poly(methyl methacrylate) tetraphenylethylene core

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Mental Health Issues of the Medical Workforce during COVID-19:A Review

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Journal of Psychological Research 2020年第3期2卷 30-37页

作者： ilaria Domenicano Department of Biostatistics Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCT06511USA

The COVID-19 pandemic is a public health *** we write,the world counts more than 10 million positive cases and more than 500 thousand *** difficult conditions faced by healthcare workers helping with the COVID-19 pandemic are leading to severe adverse mental health *** aim of this review is to summarize and analyze the mental health issues that healthcare workers are experiencing during the COVID-19 *** conduct a systematic literature review to investigate the healthcare workforce’s mental health *** 145 articles were retrieved for the period between January 1,2020 and April 30,*** screening,27 articles were selected for full-text examination,13 were included in the *** the studies included,69%(9/13)and 61%(8/13)investigated depression and anxiety,respectively,although other mental health disorders such as insomnia,distress,stress,and fear were also *** of the healthcare workers in the studies reported high levels of stress,anxiety,and severe symptoms of *** are working under high levels of pressure,in a high-risk environment,and are dealing with many physical and psychological *** actions and well-timed psychological support to protect medical workers’mental health should be considered.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus Outbreak Healthcare workers Mental health disorders

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Acute corneal graft rejection following photorefractive keratectomy for post-penetrating keratoplasty high astigmatism

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第3期14卷 476-477页

作者： Leopoldo Spadea Maria ilaria Giannico Marta Armentano Ludovico Alisi Santino Pistella Department of Sense Organs Eye ClinicUniversity"LaSapienza"Rome 00185Italy

Dear Editor,We present an unusual case of acute graft rejection after photorefractive keratectomy(PRK),performed to correct high residual astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty(PKP)for *** primary measures of succ... 详细信息

关键词： astigmatism acute keratoplasty

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