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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第39期22卷 8760-8769页

作者： Yaron ilan Ami Ben Ya'acov Yehudit Shabbat Svetlana Gingis-Velitski Einat Almon Yoseph Shaaltiel Gastro-enterology and Liver Units Department of MedicineHadassah Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalem IL 91120Isreal Protalix Biotherapeutics Carmel 20100Israel

AIM To evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of oral administration of PRX-106 in the high-fat diet *** For 22 wk, C57BL/6 HFD-fed mice received daily oral treatments with BY-2 cells expressing recombinant antitumor necrosis factor alpha fusion protein(PRX-106). Mice were followed for serum liver enzyme and triglyceride levels, liver histology and intrahepatic and systemic *** The orally administered non-absorbable PRX-106 w a s b i o l o g i c a l l y a c t i v e. A l t e r e d d i s t r i b u t i o n o f CD4+CD25+Fox P3+ between the liver and spleen and an increase in the intrasplenic-to-intrahepatic CD4+CD25+Fox P3+ ratio and a decrease in the intrasplenic-to-intrahepatic CD8+CD25+Fox P3+ ratio were observed. An increase in intrahepatic NKT cells and a decrease in the intrasplenic-to-intrahepatic NKT ratio were noted. Assessment of the CD4-to-CD8 ratios showed sequestration of CD8+ lymphocytes in the liver. These effects were associated with a decrease in serum triglyceride levels, decrease in the aspartate aminotransferase levels, serum glucose levels, and HOMA-IR score. A decrease in hepatic triglycerides content was observed in the high dose-treated *** Orally administered PRX-106 shows biological activity and exerts an immunomodulatory effect, alleviating liver damage. The data suggest that PRX-106 may provide an oral immunotherapy for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

关键词： Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Tumor necrosis alpha Enbrel Diabetes

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内辐射带高能质子对磁暴响应的统计研究

地球物理学报 2023年第2期66卷 455-471页

作者：何兆海徐寄遥王赤戴磊陈涛 ilan Roth 中国科学院国家空间科学中心空间天气学国家重点实验室北京100080 中国科学院大学北京100049 Space Sciences Laboratory University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCaliforniaUSA

范艾伦卫星-A观测表明内辐射带高能质子通量在磁暴主相期间显著下降,在恢复相时与地磁SYM-H指数同步恢复.磁暴期间内辐射带高能质子通量变化对磁场变化的响应是绝热的吗?基于刘维尔定理和第一和第三绝热不变量守恒,定量地评估了高能质... 详细信息

范艾伦卫星-A观测表明内辐射带高能质子通量在磁暴主相期间显著下降,在恢复相时与地磁SYM-H指数同步恢复.磁暴期间内辐射带高能质子通量变化对磁场变化的响应是绝热的吗?基于刘维尔定理和第一和第三绝热不变量守恒,定量地评估了高能质子在内辐射带中的完全绝热效应.两个事件研究表明,理论计算的绝热效应导致的高能质子通量变化与范艾伦卫星观测结果吻合良好.本文进而对2013-2016年期间发生的67次磁暴事件进行了统计研究.结果发现磁暴主相和恢复相期间,内辐射带高能质子通量变化的90%贡献是完全绝热效应.相空间密度的调查结果也支持这一结论.最后通过对比研究磁暴前后高能质子通量的变化,我们发现大部分磁暴(56/67)期间,绝热效应能解释内辐射带高能质子通量的变化;另外11次磁暴事件中非绝热效应可能起着重要作用.

关键词：内辐射带高能质子完全绝热效应

Chronicle of the Narváez expedition

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Oral Co-administration of Soy-derived Extracts with Alcohol or with Sugar-sweetened Beverages Exerts Liver and Sugar Protective Effects

作者： translated by David Frye edited by ilan Stavans.

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2017年第3期5卷 208-215页

作者： Tawfik Khoury Devorah Rotnemer-Golinkin Yehudit Shabat Lidya Zolotarovya Yaron ilan Gastroenterology and Liver Units Department of Medicine Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical CenterJerusalem Israel

Background and Aims:Both alcoholic drinks and high sugar-containing soft drinks cause major health problems *** administration of OS and M1 soy-derived extracts has been shown to alleviate liver injury in animal *** aim of the present study was to determine the liver-and sugar-protective effect of OS and M1 soy-derived extracts when added to alcohol and sugar-enriched ***:Mice were treated with alcohol or high sugarcontaining drinks,with and without administration of a combination of OS and M1 soy *** were observed for the effects on liver injury,glucose metabolism,and the immune ***:Co-administration of the soy extracts OS and M1 significantly alleviated the liver injury induced by acute alcohol,as evidenced by decreased liver *** beneficial effects were associated with promotion of subsets of regulatory T lymphocytes and with a trend towards a pro-inflammatory to an anti-inflammatory cytokine ***-administration of OS M1 soy extracts with sugar-sweetened beverages significantly alleviated the increases in serum sugar ***:OS and M1 extracts exert a synergistic hepato-and glucose-protective effect in models of alcohol-induced liver damage and soft drinks-associated increases in serum *** extracts may provide a solution to the two pressing health problems.

关键词： Soy Soda drinks Alcoholic liver disease T regulatory cells

以色列严重退化旱地长期恢复对土壤和植被的影响

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2023年第3期33卷 529-546页

作者： ilan STAVI Manuel PULIDO FERNáNDEZ Eli ARGAMAN Dead Sea and Arava Science Center Yotvata 88820Israel Eilat Campus Ben-Gurion University of the NegevEilat 88100Israel Geo-Environmental Research Group University of ExtremaduraCáceres 10071Spain Soil Erosion Research Station Ministry of Agriculture&Rural DevelopmentPOB 30Bet Dagan 50250Israel

Land degradation affects extensive drylands around the *** to long-term misuse,the Israeli Sde Zin dryland site has faced severe *** study objective was to assess the feasibility of passive restoration in recovering the *** study was conducted in four land-units along a preservation-degradation continuum:(1)an area that has not faced anthropogenic disturbances(Ecological land);(2)an area that was proclaimed as a national park in the 1970s(Rehabilitation);(3)an area that was prone,until recently,to moderate anthropogenic pressures(Triangle);and(4)a dirt road that was subjected to long-term off-road traffic(Dirtroad).Soil was sampled and analyzed for its *** soil physical quality followed the trend of Ecological land>Rehabilitation>Triangle>***,high soil salinity in the latter three land-units is attributed to long-term erosional processes that exposed the underlying salic *** and shrubby vegetation cover was also *** herbaceous vegetation cover followed the trend of Ecological land(86.4%)>Rehabilitation(40.3%)>Triangle(26.2%)>Dirtroad(2.1%),while the shrubby cover was 2.8%in the Ecological land-unit,and practically zero in the other *** seems that despite the effectiveness of passive restoration in recovering the soil’s physical properties,the recovery of vegetation is limited by the severe soil salinity.

关键词： active rehabilitation ecosystem functions land-use change land degradation and desertification annual vs.perennial plants self-restoration

The LysM Receptor-Like Kinase LysM RLK1 Is Required to Activate Defense and Abiotic-Stress Responses Induced by Overexpression of Fungal Chitinases in Arabidopsis Plants

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Molecular Plant 2012年第5期5卷 1113-1124页

作者： Yariv Brotman Udi Landau Smadar Pnini Jan Lisec Salma Balazadeh Bernd Mueller-Roeber Aviah Zilberstein Lothar Willmitzer ilan Chet Ada Viterbo Genes and Small Molecules AG Willmitzer Max-Planck-lnstitut of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Muhlenberg 1 D-14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology The Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot 76100 Israel Department of Plant Science Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and Biology KarI-Liebknecht-Strae 24-25 Haus 20 14476 Potsdam-Golrn Germany

Application of crab shell chitin or pentamer chitin oligosaccharide to Arabidopsis seedlings increased toler- ance to salinity in wild-type but not in knockout mutants of the LysM Receptor-Like Kinasel （CERK1/LysM RLK1） gene, known to play a critical role in signaling defense responses induced by exogenous chitin. Arabidopsis plants overexpress- ing the endochitinase chit36 and hexoaminidase excyl genes from the fungus Trichoderma asperelleoides T203 showed increased tolerance to salinity, heavy-metal stresses, and Botrytis cinerea infection. Resistant lines, overexpressing fungal chitinases at different levels, were outcrossed to lysm rlkl mutants. Independent homozygous hybrids lost resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, despite enhanced chitinase activity. Expression analysis of 270 stress-related genes, including those induced by reactive oxygen species （ROS） and chitin, revealed constant up-regulation （at least twofold） of 10 genes in the chitinase-overexpressing line and an additional 76 salt-induced genes whose expression was not elevated in the lysm rlkl knockout mutant or the hybrids harboring the mutation. These findings elucidate that chitin-induced signaling mediated by LysM RLK1 receptor is not limited to biotic stress response but also encompasses abiotic-stress signaling and can be conveyed by ectopic expression of chitinases in plants.

关键词： abiotic stress chitin-induced signaling chitinases LysM receptor kinase Trichoderma.

Commuters＇ and Localists＇ Styles of Socio-Spatial Segregation in Three Types of Arab Communities in Israel

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2014年第11期4卷 651-666页

作者： Schnell Izhak Shdema ilan Dept. of Geography and Human Environment Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 66978 Israel

This article examines integration vs. segregation of Arabs in Israel＇s social sphere. Most geo-spatial studies regarding inter-ethnic relations are single dimensional, focusing on residential segregation assuming its association to the social domain. We argue that in the globalizing world daily activity spaces, social networks and influences on everyday life conditions are rooted in growing horizons around residential location weakening the power of residential location to dictate life conditions. Hence we suggest employing a multi-dimensional approach. Specifically, we explore the associations among residential spaces （relating to Arab residents of： purely Arab localities; mixed-Jewish-Arab cities, and Jewish cities）; main activity spaces （commuters to Jewish areas and localists--people staying mostly in the Arab localities） and social integration （social networks; repertoire of identities; attitudes toward integration and knowledge of Hebrew）. The data incorporate tracking the movements of 177 responders for a week （using a GPS logger） and in-depth interviews, which were analyzed quantitatively. Core findings suggest that both residential place and activity spaces affect social integration, however, the locality type has a greater affect. In addition, we identified four integration sorts according to kinds of municipality, activity spaces, and integration measures：（1） segregated localists living in Arab municipalities; （2） commuters living in Arab localities characterized by limited integration; （3） Arabs residing in Jewish cities that succeeded economically but are characterized by limited social integration, and （4） those living in mixed cities which enjoy the highest, yet limited integration level.

关键词： Ethnic relations integration vs. segregation municipalities Jews Arabs

MuTaTo<sup>&copy</sup>—A Novel Concept for Curing Cancer

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2020年第2期11卷 55-73页

作者： ilan Morad Hanan Itzhaki Accelerated Evolution Biotechnologies (AEBi) Ltd. Nes-Ziona Israel

One of the main reasons for developing cancer drug-resistance is the ability of cancer cells to adopt mutations that help them fight the treatments. Cancer cells are very mutagenic. This makes the population of cancer cells in any tumor, or any other cancer cells that come from a distinct origin (one parent cell) highly variable. In some cases, there are already drug-resistant cancer cells at the beginning of the treatment. In other cases, they emerge during the treatment. Treating cancer patients with drugs, or other treatments that attack only one cancer-target would therefore be prone to bad prognosis. In addition, these kinds of treatments would also attack (to a lower degree) non-cancer cells that contain the same targets as the cancer cells. This would lead to adverse effects. Combination therapies, or bispecific drugs could partly solve these problems, but not completely. To address this and other problems, a novel concept for curing cancer, MuTaTo©, was developed. MuTaTo is a personalized medicine concept. The main principal of it is using multiple targeting peptides connected together with a toxin. The main advantage of MuTaTo is that it would lower the probability of the targeted cancer cells to develop drug-resistance due to mutations they possess, and at the same time would lower adverse effects due to avidity effect. Each cancer patient would receive a specific MuTaTo drug perfectly suited to his cancer, based on the expression profile of receptors on the outer membrane of his cancer cells. MuTaTo construct production is easy and rapid. Therefore, the production cost would not be as expensive as with other biological drugs, or other sophisticated cancer treatments. In this article several experiments were performed to show the efficacy of different MuTaTo constructs, and the sustainability of the principals of this concept. The results showed that multi-targeting was better than mono targeting, and that MuTaTo was efficient as a mono treatment in vi

关键词： MuTaTo Multiple Targeting Avidity Effect Toxin Curing Cancer

A direct gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method for the detection of orellanine present in stomach content (Part I)

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Journal of Biophysical Chemistry 2012年第1期3卷 29-34页

作者： Ilia Brondz Eviatar Nevo Solomon P. wasser.anton Brondz Department of Biology University of Oslo Oslo Norway

Intoxication with Cortinarius orellanus Fr. is often lethal or, at the least, disabling for the victim. Orellanine is recognized as the prime toxic substance in this mushroom. Poisoning by other toxic mushrooms can be occasionally mistaken as poisoning by C. orellanus or vice versa. The C. orellanus toxins have a prolonged latent period after ingestion and onset in the appearance of symptoms. These properties of the toxin together with the chemo-, thermo- and photolability have made it difficult to develop a direct analytical method for diagnosing poisoning with orellanine, which in turn is needed to administer the correct medication. The aim of this study was to develop a direct analytical method for the detection of orellanine present in stomach content. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with supersonic molecular beams (GC-MS with SMB) was used for the direct detection of orellanine in the stomach fluids of rats after they were fed with food containing C. orellanus. This method can be used as a platform for the future development of analytical procedures for the direct analytical detection of orellanine in humans intoxicated by ingestion of toxic mushrooms. The standard orellanine was isolated from C. orellanus following the procedure described by Prast et al. [1] and was used as an authentic comparison.

关键词： Cortinarius orellanus Fr. Orellanine GC-MS with SMB Nephrotoxicity Nephrotoxin.