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Modeling, simulation, and prediction of global energy indices: a differential approach

Frontiers in energy 2022年第2期16卷 375-392页

作者： Stephen Ndubuisi NNAMCHI Onyinyechi Adanma NNAMCHI Janice Desire BUSINGYe Maxwell Azubuike IJOMAH Philip ikechi OBASI Department of Mechanical engineering Kampala International University20000 KampalaUganda Department of Agricultural engineering and Bio Resources Michael Okpara University of AgricultureUmudikeUmuahiaNigeria Directorate of Human Resource/Finance Kampala International University20000 KampalaUganda Department of Mathematics and Statistics Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Port HarcourtPMB 5323 Choba Port HarcourtNigeria Department of Macroeconomic Analysis(Ministry of Finance) Budget and National PlanningAbujaNigeria

Modeling, simulation, and prediction of global energy indices remain veritable tools for econometric, engineering, analysis, and prediction of energy indices. Thus, this paper differentially modeled, simulated, and non-differentially predicated the global energy indices. The state-of-the-art of the research includes normalization of energy indices, generation of differential rate terms, and regression of rate terms against energy indices to generate coefficients and unexplained terms. On imposition of initial conditions, the solution to the system of linear differential equations was realized in a Matlab environment. There was a strong agreement between the simulated and the field data. The exact solutions are ideal for interpolative prediction of historic data. Furthermore, the simulated data were upgraded for extrapolative prediction of energy indices by introducing an innovative model, which is the synergy of deflated and inflated prediction factors. The innovative model yielded a trendy prediction data for energy consumption, gross domestic product, carbon dioxide emission and human development index. However, the oil price was untrendy, which could be attributed to odd circumstances. Moreover, the sensitivity of the differential rate terms was instrumental in discovering the overwhelming effect of independent indices on the dependent index. Clearly, this paper has accomplished interpolative and extrapolative prediction of energy indices and equally recommends for further investigation of the untrendy nature of oil price.

关键词： energy indices differential model normalization simulation inflation deflation predictive factor and prediction rate

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Power-aware transceiver design for half-duplex bidirectional chip-to-chip optical interconnects

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Journal of Semiconductors 2013年第12期34卷 60-65页

作者： Jamshid Sangirov ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu Gulomjon Sangirov Tae-Woo Lee Hyo-Hoon Park electrical engineering Department Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Information and Communication engineering Department Harbin Engineering University

A power-aware transceiver for half-duplex bidirectional chip-to-chip optical interconnects has been designed and fabricated in a 0.13 μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor （CMOS） technology. The transceiver can detect the presence and absence of received signals and saves 55% power in Rx enabled mode and 45% in Tx enabled mode. The chip occupies an area of 1.034 mm2 and achieves a 3-dB bandwidth of 6 GHz and 7 GHz in Tx and Rx modes, respectively. The disabled outputs for the Tx and Rx modes are isolated with 180 dB and 139 dB, respectively, from the enabled outputs. Clear eye diagrams are obtained at 4.25 Gbps for both the Tx and Rx modes.

关键词： optical transceiver power detector optical interconnect voltage regulator

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Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Uropathogenic Klebsiella Species in Port Harcourt

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 333-353页

作者： Moore ikechi Mike-Ogburia Tombari Pius Monsi easter Godwin Nwokah Department of Medical Laboratory Science Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a severe public health issue that affects a wide range of people around the world with Klebsiella pneumoniae accounting for up to 25% of all urinary tract infections. The higher rate of UTI associated with uropathogenic Klebsiella species has been associated with the emergence of hypervirulent and antibiotic-resistant strains facilitated by the misuse and overuse of antibiotics as well as other sociodemographic and behavioural practices of susceptible individuals. This study was aimed at investigating the prevalence and associated risk factors of uropathogenic Klebsiella species in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Methodology: The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design comprising 300 subjects clinically suspected of having urinary tract infections attending the Rivers State University Medical Centre and the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital between March to August 2022. A standard urine culture procedure was used to ascertain significant bacteriuria after which Klebsiella colonies were isolated and identified using standard bacteriological techniques. The data generated from this study was represented as frequency and percentages, and inferential statistics were carried out using Chi-square with the aid of GraphPad Prism Software Version 9. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. Result: The prevalence of uropathogenic Klebsiella sp. was 16%, with sex, pregnancy status, and religion of the individuals substantially linked (p p Klebsiella species. Conclusion: This study reports a relatively high prevalence of uropathogenic Klebsiella species at 16%, with the sex and pregnancy status of the subjects being significantly associated (p Klebsiella species in the current study. Health promotion and awareness efforts should be prioritised to inform susceptible demographics about their risks for urinary tract infections associated with uropathogenic Klebsi

关键词： Uropathogenic UTI Klebsiella Prevalence Risk Factors

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<i>In Vitro</i>Quantitative Assessment of Some Virulence Factors Produced by <i>escherichia coli</i>in Different pH, Temperature and Oxygen Conditions

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Advances in Microbiology 2020年第12期10卷 647-662页

作者： Otonye Godswill Anga Tombari Pius Monsi Felix eedee Konne Moore ikechi Mike-Ogburia Microbiology Unit Department of Medical Laboratory Science Faculty of Science Rivers State University Nkpolu-Oroworukwo Nigeria

Background: Bacteria virulence is modulated by different factors in the gut and other host environments. Aim: This study was to quantitatively determine some virulence factors produced in escherichia coli when exposed to different conditions. Method: The different conditions of temperature and pH were used. The growth response and biofilm production of e. coli in these conditions was quantified. The production of secretory molecules was analyzed using the thin layer chromatography (TLC) method. The isolates exposed to these conditions were analyzed for antibiotic susceptibility using the disk diffusion method. Results: For the acidic condition, the comparisons of the growth in the other temperatures were lower than the neutral pH and significant results were noted in 25°C (P = 0.0036), 4°C (P = 0.0006) and -5°C (P = 0.0011), while non-significant result was seen in 37°C (P = 0.2453). In the alkaline condition, at 37°C the degree of significance was P = 0.0102, 25°C (P = 0.0007), 4°C (P = 0.0009), and at -5°C (P = 0.0006). The formation of biofilm, when compared to the normal body temperature of 37°C, was significantly higher at 4°C (P = 0.0382). TLC showed production of bands at -5°C, (Rf = 0.5), at 25°C two bands in both the acidic and alkaline condition (Rf = 0.4) and at 37°C, two bands were seen: one in the acidic condition with an Rf of 0.6 and 0.5 in the alkaline condition. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed varying zones of susceptibility and resistance in the different conditions to the antibiotics used. In the temperature condition, the isolates became resistant to Cefotaxime (CTX) and ColistinSulphate (CT) at -5°C, Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (CT) at 4°C, Cefotaxime (CTX) at 25°C, and at 37°C, it was resistant to Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (CT). Resistance was also seen in the pH condition of Cefotaxime (CTX) in the alkaline condition. Conclusion: exposure to these different conditions shows an increase in growth, biofilm, antibiotic resistance,

关键词： Virulence Biofilm Antimicrobial Resistance Secretory Molecules

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Blood pressure,prevalence of hypertension and hypertension related complications in Nigerian Africans:A review

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World Journal of Cardiology 2012年第12期4卷 327-340页

作者： Okechukwu S Ogah ikechi Okpechi Innocent I Chukwuonye Joshua O Akinyemi Basden JC Onwubere Ayodele O Falase Simon Stewart Karen Sliwa Ministry of Health Nnamdi Azikiwe SecretariatUmuahia 440233Abia StateNigeria Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Department of MedicineUniversity College HospitalPMB 5116Dugbe GPOIbadan 200211Oyo StateNigeria Division of of Nephrology and Hypertension Department of MedicineE13Renal UnitGrootes Schuur HospitalObservatory 7925Cape TownSouth Africa Division of Renal Medicine(Nephrology) Department of MedicineFederal Medical CentreUmuahia 440233Abia StateNigeria Department of epidemiology and Medical Statistics College of MedicineUniversity of IbadanIbadan 200211Oyo StateNigeria Division of Cardiology Department of MedicineUniversity of Nigeria Teaching HospitalEnugu 400001Nigeria NHMRC Centre of Research excellence to Reduce Inequality in Heart Disease Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial RoadMelbourneVIC 3004Australia Hatter Cardiovascular Research Institute Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownCape TownPrivate Bag X3Observatory 7935South Africa

To review studies on hypertension in Nigeria over the past five decades in terms of prevalence,awareness and treatment and *** our search on Pubmed,African Journals Online and the World Health Organization Global cardiovascular infobase,1060 related references were identified out of which 43 were found to be relevant for this *** overall prevalence of hypertension in Nigeria ranges from 8%-46.4% depending on the study target population,type of measurement and cut-off value used for defining *** prevalence is similar in men and women(7.9%-50.2% vs 3.5%-68.8%,respectively) and in the urban(8.1%-42.0%) and rural setting(13.5%-46.4%).The pooled prevalence increased from 8.6% from the only study during the period from 1970-1979 to 22.5%(2000-2011).Awareness,treatment and control of hypertension were generally low with attendant high burden of hypertension related *** order to improve outcomes of cardiovascular disease in Africans,public health education to improve awareness of hypertension is *** epidemiological studies on hypertension are required to adequately understand and characterize the impact of hypertension in society.

关键词： Blood pressure Hypertension Prevalence Non-communicable disease Nigeria

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Prevalence and Pattern of Abnormal Pap Smear among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Clinic in a Missionary Hospital in Abakaliki, Southeast Nigeria

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2018年第8期8卷 728-740页

作者： Kenneth Chinedu ekwedigwe Paul Olisaemeka ezeonu Felix edegbe Chidi esike Anthony Tagbo Agbata Chukwuemeka ikechi Ukaegbe Okechukwu Bonaventure Anozie Obiorah Godfrey Asiegbu Maradona Isikhuemen Department of Obstetric & Gynaecology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Pathology Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University of Benin Teaching Hospital Benin Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting the genital tract among women in developing countries. Screening programmes have been well talked about in Nigeria, but they are not well organized. Hence, the incidence of cervical cancer does not appear to be reducing. A possible way of solving this problem is by doing an opportunistic pap smear among women attending antenatal clinics, since a good number of women do access antenatal care. OBJeCTIVeS: To determine the prevalence, knowledge, awareness, practice, risk factors and pattern of Pap smear among women attending antenatal clinic in Mile 4 hospital, Abakaliki. MeTHOD: This is a cross-sectional study carried out at the antenatal clinic of Mile 4 Hospital, Abakaliki, Nigeria. A total of 110 consecutive pregnant women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and have given their consent were recruited into the study at the time of their first prenatal (booking clinic) visit for antenatal care. Data was collected using a questionnaire. Conventional Papanicolaou smear was taken using the standard procedure. The cytopathologic findings were documented in the questionnaire. ReSULTS: Out of the 110 pregnant women who had cervical cytology by Pap smear, 7 had pre-invasive cervical lesion, giving a prevalence rate of 6.3%;5 (71.4%) were low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LGSIL) while 2 (28.6%) were high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL). Fifty women (45.5%) had negative smears. Inflammatory smears were seen in 50 women (45.5%). Insufficient smear was seen in 3 women (2.7%). Fifty-six women had knowledge about cervical cancer (50.9%), while thirty-six women (32.7%) were aware of a screening program for cervical cancer and only 2 women (1.8%) had been screened in the past. Hence, from this study, the population screening rate was approximately 2%. The risk factors were age of coitarche years, number of sexual partners, previous history of sexual transmitted infection, genital warts,

关键词： Pregnancy Pap Smear Cervical Cancer

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The Practice of exclusive Breastfeeding and Its Sociodemographic Determinants amongst Nursing Mothers at a Tertiary Health Care Institution in South east, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2017年第4期7卷 63-73页

作者： Henry N. Chineke Anthony C. Iwu Kevin C. Diwe Chukwuma B. Duru Kenechi A. Uwakwe eyitayo e. emmanuel Uche R. Oluoha Ugochukwu C. Madubueze emmanuel U. Ndukwu ikechi oha.e Department of Family Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of epidemiology and Community Health Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: Breastfeeding is a natural and critical act that provides nutrients and energy for the infant and young child;and through a public health intervention such as exclusive breastfeeding, it improves the survival rates of the infant. Objective: To determine the breastfeeding practices and the sociodemographic determinants of exclusive breastfeeding amongst nursing mothers present at the Imo state university teaching hospital Orlu. Methods: A cross sectional analytical study design was used that included all nursing mothers present within a 4 week study period. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were done with frequencies and summary statistics. Chi square statistics were computed to determine significant associations and binary logistic regression was used to determine sociodemographic predictors of exclusive breastfeeding practice. P value was set at 0.05 significant level. Results: While most of the respondents were aware of exclusive breastfeeding (92.5%), only 24% of the respondents were practicing exclusive breastfeeding. Work and school activities, and the feeling that breast milk was insufficient for the needs of the baby were the reasons for not practicing exclusive breastfeeding for a majority of the respondents (56.6%). Furthermore, 61% of those that were practicing non-exclusive breast feeding gave a cereal or infant formula in addition to the breast milk for 3 to 6 months. It was further revealed that there were statistically significant relationships between breastfeeding practice and maternal age (p = 0.003), level of maternal education (p = 0.005) and maternal occupation (p = 0.006). Conclusion: Understanding and taking into cognizance the sociodemographic characteristics will enable the design, and adequate delivery of appropriate and effective strategies that improve exclusive breastfeeding practice.

关键词： exclusive Breastfeeding Sociodemographic Determinants Nigeria

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Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Hepatitis B and C among Inmates of Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第2期13卷 159-182页

作者： Barynem Vito-Peter Gift Mibilanyeofori Hart Aisha Dio Victory Chidinma Nwogu Nancy Obutor Ideozu Ozioma Chiagoziem Okoro Okadini Collins Albert Abigail Chisa Mike-Ogburia Priscilla Adonike Ogbakiri Chiziyara Orluibna Obunwo Moore ikechi Mike-Ogburia Department of Medical Laboratory Science Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Medical Laboratory Science University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre Rivers State Command Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Basic and Applied Biological Sciences Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria Kariden Specialist Hospital Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Health Services Rivers State University Port Harcourt Nigeria

Hepatitis B (HBV) and Hepatitis C (HCV) are significant global public health burdens associated with liver cirrhosis, liver cancer and are responsible for over a million deaths yearly. Prisons and other confined facilities offer opportunities for the acquisition and transmission of infectious diseases such as hepatitis B and C during and after imprisonment. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C as well as their associated risk factors among inmates in the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre. A cross-sectional study was conducted among inmates incarcerated in the Port Harcourt Maximum Security Custodial Centre from July to December 2022, and 200 consenting subjects completed a structured questionnaire in addition to screening for the presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies. Data generated from this study was represented as frequency and percentages, and inferential statistics were carried out using chi-square with the aid of GraphPad Prism Software Version 9. Statistical significance was defined as a p-value of less than 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval. The seroprevalence of HBV was 4% while 3.5% was recorded for HCV with no cases of co-infections reported. HBV seroprevalence was significantly associated with blood oath and a history of surgery (p p e findings from the current study highlight a relatively lower prevalence of HBV and HCV amongst inmates in Port Harcourt in comparison to studies in Nigeria. These infections can be further controlled by multifaceted approaches by the prison personnel, administration, and Government by employing combative measures such as regular screening, easy access to therapy, awareness, and vaccination programs for HBV are crucial to prevent the transmission of these diseases.

关键词： Hepatitis B Hepatitis C HBV HbsAg HCV Prevalence Risk Factors Prison Inmates

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Health Care Seeking Behaviour and Predictors of Combined Orthodox and Traditional Health Care Utilization among Households in Communities in Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2017年第7期7卷 115-137页

作者： Chukwuma B. Duru Anthony C. Iwu Kenechi A. Uwakwe Kevin C. Diwe Irene A. Merenu Chukwuma U. Okafor Chukwuyem Abejegah Ugochukwu C. Madubueze emmanuel U. Ndukwu ikechi oha.e Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Psychiatry University of Port Harcourt Port Harcourt Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Irrua Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: Health care seeking behaviour is a complex, dynamic and multidimensional process that involves a sequence of remedial actions that are influenced by the interaction between the individual, household and community with the intention of addressing perceived ill health. Objective: To determine health care seeking attitude and behaviour and the predictors of combined orthodox and traditional health care use among households in communities in Owerri, Imo State. Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional design that used a multistage random sampling technique to select 500 participants from households in two communities in Owerri, Imo State. Data was collected using a pretested, semi structured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were done with frequencies and summary statistics. Chi square statistics were computed to determine significant relationships and binary logistic regression was used to determine predictors of combined use. P was set at 0.05 significance level. Results: The results revealed that, while just more than half of the respondents (56.4%) had a moderate to good level of overall knowledge of health care, almost all of the respondents (96.2%) also had a moderate to good level of overall positive attitude towards seeking health care;with less than one third (29.4%) using combined orthodox and traditional health care treatments. It further revealed that, respondents who were female, traders and from households of polygamous families were significantly more likely to use combined orthodox and traditional health care treatments (p e those with a tertiary level of education, from households with a professional as head, having private water closet toilets and earning a monthly income of more than 50,000 Naira ($140) were significantly less likely to use combined orthodox and traditional health care treatments (p ere is a need to be more sensitive to the realities of the combined use of orthodox and traditional treatments,

关键词： Health Seeking Behaviour Combined Use Orthodox and Traditional Treatments Nigeria

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Occupational Hazards, Safety and Hygienic Practices among Timber Workers in a South eastern State, Nigeria

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Occupational Diseases and environmental Medicine 2016年第3期4卷 63-71页

作者： Kevin C. Diwe Chukwuma B. Duru Anthony C. Iwu Irene A. Merenu Kenechi A. Uwakwe Uche R. Oluoha Tope B. Ogunniyan Ugochukwu C. Madubueze ikechi oha.e Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Imo State University Teaching Hospital Orlu Nigeria Department of Community Medicine University College Hospital Ibadan Nigeria Department of Community Medicine Federal Teaching Hospital Abakaliki Nigeria

Background: Timber workers, especially in developing countries, are faced with challenges of prevention and control of work place hazards and illnesses. Objective: To determine the awareness of occupational hazards, effects, safety and hygienic practices among timber workers in a South eastern State in Nigeria. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive design that used the total population of timber workers involved in the processing and marketing of wood in three major timber markets in a South eastern State in Nigeria. Data was collected using a pretested semistructured questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were done with frequencies and summary statistics. Results: The majority of the respondents were aware of the hazardous nature of wood dust (96%) and their main source of awareness was from personal experiences (55%). In spite of the fact that the predominant hazard effects in the majority were nose, throat irritation and cough (33%), the majority were of the opinion that the respirator was not important. Only 13% of the respondents that use personal protective equipment (PPe) always use them and the main reason for not using PPe is forgetfulness (38%). Proper hygiene and sanitation was poorly practiced, as all respondents indiscriminately disposed of waste wood (100%) and about one third (33%) did not have a bath after work each day. Conclusion: Timber workers in our environment are faced with increased risks of diseases, accidents and challenges of protection and safety. As a consequence, there is a need for proper education and enforcement of consistent use of the different protective devices.

关键词： Knowledge Attitude Practice Occupational Hazard Timber Worker Imo Nigeria

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