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The nuclear shell model： Simplicity from complexity

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Frontiers of physics 2018年第6期13卷 11-27页

作者： igal Talmi Department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics The Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot 76100 Israel

The shell model of atomic nuclei has been in intensive use since the middle of the previous century. This simple model of very complex nuclei, offers a quantitative description of its many features. Other features follow from small deviations from the extreme picture. Our friend and colleague Akito Arima made seminal contributions to this field starting with his famous paper with Horie on the magnetic moments of nuclei [Prog. Theor. Phys. 11, 509 （1954）]. In the following, a detailed description of a simple example is considered. It is the 1f7/2 shell of the neutrons in the nuclei between 40Ca and 4sca and of the protons in the nuclei between 4SCa and 56Ni. The results demonstrate the power and elegance of the shell model. They show how simplicity arises out of complexity. It is also shown how small deviations from the simple shell model lead to effects, in which valence neutrons act as if they carry electric charge.

关键词： shell model effective interactions seniority binding energies effective charges nuclear radii

Phenotypes of Th lineages generated by the commonly used activation with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies differ from those generated by the physiological activation with the specific antigen

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2014年第3期11卷 305-313页

作者： Cuiyan Tan Lai Wei Barbara P Vistica Guangpu Shi Eric F Wawrousek igal Gery Laboratory of Immunology National Eye Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology National Eye Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD USA

T-helper （Th） lineages have been generated in vitro by activating CD4 cells with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies during polarization. Physiologically, however, the generation of Th lineages is by activation with the specific antigen presented by antigen-presenting cells （APC）. Here, we used T-cell receptor （TCR）-transgenic mice to compare the phenotypes of Thl, Th9 and Th17 lineages when generated by either one of the two activation modes. Lineage Th cells specific against hen egg lysozyme （HEL）, were adoptively transferred into recipient mice transgenically expressing HEL in their lens. Remarkable differences were found between lineages of Th 1, Th9 or Th 17, generated by either one of the two modes in their capacities to migrate to and proliferate in the recipient spleen and, importantly, to induce inflammation in the recipient mouse eyes. Substantial differences were also observed between the lineage pairs in their transcript expression profiles of certain chemokines and chemokine receptors. Surprisingly, however, close similarities were observed between the transcript expression profiles of lineages of the three phenotypes, activated by the same mode. Furthermore, Th cell lineages generated by the two activation modes differed considerably in their pattern of gene expression, as monitored by microarray analysis, but exhibited commonality with lineages of other phenotypes generated by the same activation mode. This study thus shows that （i） Th lineages generated by activation with anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies differ from lineages generated by antigen/APC; and （ii） the mode of activation determines to a large extent the expression profile of major transcripts.

关键词： Eye Inflammation Microarray T-cell differentiation

When should we give up on expectant management for patients with proximal ureteral stones?

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Cross-Reaction between Gliadin and Different Food and Tissue Antigens

当代泌尿学（英文） 2022年第1期16卷 9-14页

作者： igal Shpunt Etay Elbaz Yuval Avda Jonathan Modai Dan Leibovici Brian Berkowitz Yaniv Shilo Department of Urology Kaplan Medical CenterRehovotIsrael Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Weizmann Institute of ScienceRehovotIsrael

Background:Proximal ureteral stones(PUS)have relatively low rates of spontaneous ***,some patients do on expectant *** aim was to compare risk factors for surgical intervention in patients with PUS who underwent primary intervention to those subjected to expectant management.Materials and methods:We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of patients presented to the emergency room with symptoms of renal colic and underwent computerized tomography between August 2016 and August 2017.A total of 97 consecutive patients were identified with up to 10 mm *** collected patient demographics,clinical,and imaging data,and performed binary regression analysis for risk of intervention.Results:The average age was 49years(range 17-97)and average stone size was 7.1 mm(range 3-10).Forty-one patients underwent immediate intervention while the remaining 56 patients were treated *** the 56 patients treated conservatively,26 underwent delayed intervention while 30 reported spontaneous stone *** univariate analysis of all 97 patients,statistically significant risk factors for intervention were found based on stone size,age,serum lymphocyte,platelet counts,and stone *** these risk factors,stone size≥7mm(p=0.012,odds ratio=5.4)and platelet count?230K/mL(p=0.027,odds ratio=4.9)remained statistically significant on multivariate analysis.Conclusion:Stone size and platelet count were found to be risk factors for surgical intervention in patients with up to 10 mm *** findings may assist in identifying patients who are more suitable for conservative approach.

关键词： Nephrolithiasis Renal colic Ureteral calculi Ureterolithiasis Urolithiasis

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第1期4卷 20-32页

作者： Aristo Vojdani igal Tarash Immunosciences Lab. Inc. Los Angeles USA Immunosciences Lab. Inc. Los Angeles USA&Cyrex Labs LLC. Phoenix USA.

A subgroup of coeliac disease patients continues to experience symptoms even on a gluten-free diet (GFD). We attempted to determine whether these symptoms could be due to either cross-contamination with gluten-containing foods or cross-reactivity between α-gliadin and non-gluten foods consumed on a GFD. We measured the reactivity of affinity-purified polyclonal and monoclonal α-gliadin 33-mer peptide antibodies against gliadin and additional food antigens commonly consumed by patients on a GFD using ELISA and dot-blot. We also examined the immune reactivity of these antibodies with various tissue antigens. We observed significant immune reactivity when these antibodies were applied to cow’s milk, milk chocolate, milk butyrophilin, whey protein, casein, yeast, oats, corn, millet, instant coffee and rice. To investigate whether there was cross-reactivity between α-gliadin antibody and different tissue antigens, we measured the degree to which this antibody bound to these antigens. The most significant binding occurred with asialoganglioside, hepatocyte, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, adrenal 21-hydroxylase, and various neural antigens. The specificity of anti-α-gliadin binding to different food and tissue antigens was demonstrated by absorption and inhibition studies. We also observed significant cross-reactivity between α-gliadin 33-mer and various food antigens, but some of these reactions were associated with the contamination of non-gluten foods with traces of gluten. The consumption of cross-reactive foods as well as gluten-contaminated foods may be responsible for the continuing symptoms presented by a subgroup of patients with coeliac disease. The lack of response of some CD patients may also be due to antibody cross-reactivity with non-gliadin foods. These should then be treated as gluten-like peptides and should also be excluded from the diet when the GFD seems to fail.

关键词： Cross-Reaction Gliadin Food Antigens Tissue Antigens Celiac Disease Gluten-Free Diet

Adjuvant chemotherapy after radical cystectomy:Do all patients who need chemotherapy after surgery actually receive it?

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使用OCT评估多发性硬化症分期及其严重性（英文）

当代泌尿学（英文） 2023年第2期17卷 109-112页

作者： Roy Croock Jonathan Modai Yuval Avda igal Shpunt Morad Jaber Yamit Peretz Yaniv Shilo Dan Leibovici Department of Urology Kaplan Medical CenterRehovotIsrael

Background:Compliance with the guideline recommendations for neoadjuvant chemotherapyin patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer is *** adjuvant chemotherapy approach has the advantage of pathology-based decision-making,allowing for pa-tient *** addition,radical surgery is not delayed and treatment-related toxicity does not impair surgical *** proportion of patients who completed chemotherapy after cystectomy among those who were fit and in need of treatment were *** rea-sons for not completing adjuvant chemotherapy were determined.Materials and methods:We retrospectively evaluated all patients who had undergone radical cystectomy at our center over thelast 7 *** for adjuvant chemotherapy included pathological T＞2,any node+,or surgical margin *** patients who were fit for chemotherapy before surgery were included in the study.Results:Of the 52 patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer,14 received neoadjuvant chemotherapy or unfit for chemotherapy were *** the remaining 38 patients,14(37％)had bladder-confined cancers and did not require additional *** the 24 patients who needed chemotherapy and were fit to receive it,8 patients completed treatment(33％),and 3 discontinued treatment due to *** patients(50％)declined chemotherapy,whereas 1 patient became unfit for chemotherapy after surgery.Conclusions:While the adjuvant chemotherapy approach could save unnecessary treatment in 37％of patients,two-thirds of those who needed chemotherapy did not complete *** refusal was the primary reason for not receiving treatment.

关键词： Adjuvant chemotherapy Muscle-invasive bladder cancer Neoadjuvant chemotherapy

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国际眼科杂志 2018年第12期18卷 2132-2136页

作者： Yoav Yechezkel Pikkel Muneer Abu Sneina Vadim igal Yael Sara Pikkel igal Adi Nov-Sharabi Ayelet Armon-Omer Radi Shahien Joseph Pikkel Carmel医疗中心以色列海法3436212 Ziv医疗中心、神经病学科以色列采法特13100 Bar Ilan大学以色列采法特13100 Tel-Hai学院以色列1220800 Ziv医疗中心、研究部门以色列采法特13100 Bar Ilan大学医学院以色列采法特13100 Ziv医疗中心、眼科以色列采法特13100

目的:评估光学相干层析成像(OCT)、多发性硬化病程(MS)和扩展伤残状态等级(EDSS)之间的联系。方法:前瞻性双盲研究。29例多发性硬化症确诊患者与29例正常人进行比较,年龄和性别匹配。所有受试者于同一天进行光学相干层析成像检查和神经... 详细信息

目的:评估光学相干层析成像(OCT)、多发性硬化病程(MS)和扩展伤残状态等级(EDSS)之间的联系。方法:前瞻性双盲研究。29例多发性硬化症确诊患者与29例正常人进行比较,年龄和性别匹配。所有受试者于同一天进行光学相干层析成像检查和神经扩展伤残状态等级测试。结果:多发性硬化症患者平均扩展伤残状态等级指数为3. 2,健康对照组为0. 03,多发性硬化症患者病程为11. 7a。多发性硬化症患者视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度显著较薄(P<0. 01)。多发性硬化病程与视网膜神经纤维层变薄之间存在相关性。扩展伤残状态等级与视网膜神经纤维层变薄之间呈相关趋势但无统计学意义。结论:较正常对照组,多发性硬化症患者RNFL较薄。多发性硬化症病程对RNFL厚度有直接影响。RNFL厚度与扩展伤残状态等级之间可能存在相关性。建议使用OCT作为多发性硬化症患者的检测和评估工具。

关键词：多发性硬化症视网膜神经纤维层光学相干层析成像扩展伤残状态等级

Antitumoral effects of cannabis in Notch1-mutated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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Cancer Communications 2023年第6期43卷 711-715页

作者： Elazar Besser Anat Gelfand Gil Moshe Lewitus Hila Novak-Kotzer Shiri Procaccia Paula Berman igal Louria-Hayon Inbar Shreiber-Livne Yishai Ofran David Meiri The Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Cannabinoid Research Faculty of BiologyTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Rambam Health Care CampusHaifaIsrael

Dear Editor,In T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia(T-ALL),an aggressive hematologic cancer with poor clinical outcomes,more than 50%of cases show NOTCH1-driven transformation[1].The NOTCH1 receptor signaling pathway is activated through a series of proteolytic cleavages,ultimately causing the release of the active intracellular domain(NICD),which translocates to the nucleus where it promotes transcription of target genes involved in cell *** importance of NOTCH1 mutations in T-ALL has generated great interest in the development of anti-NOTCH1 targeted therapies.A new and promising emerging field in cancer treatment is medical *** evidence suggests the direct effects of cannabis on tumor progression in cell lines and animal models[2].Cannabis,and its unique secondary metabolites,known as phytocannabinoids,directly affect the propagation of cancer cells by modulating key cellsignaling pathways[3].We have previously demonstrated that different cannabis extracts,each containing a unique composition of metabolites,selectively impaired the survival of cancer cell lines depending on amatch between the chemical composition of the extract and the characteristics of the specific cancer cell line[4].In the present work,we set out to investigate whether cannabis extracts with unique phytocannabinoid profiles can selectively facilitate antitumor effects in T-ALL cells that harbor a Notch1 mutation.

关键词： Notch1 impaired lymphoblastic

Donor preoperative oxygen delivery and post-extubation hypoxia impact donation after circulatory death hypoxic cholangiopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第12期22卷 3392-3403页

作者： Thomas J Chirichella C Michael Dunham Michael A Zimmerman Elise M Phelan M Susan Mandell Kendra D Conzen Stephen E Kelley Trevor L Nydam Thomas E Bak igal Kam Michael E Wachs Department of Surgery Division of Transplant Surgery University of Colorado Aurora CO 80045 United States Trauma/Critical Care Services St. Elizabeth Health Center Youngstown OH 44501 United States Department of Transplant Surgery Medical College of Wisconsin Milwaukee WI 53226 United States Department of Anesthesiology University of Colorado Aurora CO 80045 United States Donor Alliance Organ Procurement Organization Denver CO 80045 United States Department of Transplant Surgery Children's Hospital Colorado Aurora CO 80045 United States

AIM: To evaluate donation after circulatory death (DCD) orthotopic liver transplant outcomes [hypoxic cholangiopathy (HC) and patient/graft survival] and donor ***: From 2003-2013, 45 DCD donor transplants were performed. Predonation physiologic data from UNOS DonorNet included preoperative systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, pH, SpO2, PaO2, FiO2, and hemoglobin. Mean arterial blood pressure was computed from the systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Donor preoperative arterial O2 content was computed as [hemoglobin (gm/dL) × 1.37 (mL O2/gm) × SpO2%) + (0.003 × PaO2)]. The amount of preoperative donor red blood cell transfusions given and vasopressor use during the intensive care unit stay were documented. Donors who were transfused ≥ 1 unit of red-cells or received ≥ 2 vasopressors in the preoperative period were categorized as the red-cell/multi-pressor group. Following withdrawal of life support, donor ischemia time was computed as the number-of-minutes from onset of diastolic blood pressure 2/100 mL blood vs 16.8 ± 3.3 m

关键词： Orthotopic liver transplantation Ischemic cholangiopathy Hypoxic cholangiopathy Donation after circulatory death Biliary complications Reperfusion injury

Towards Understanding Paleosols in Southern Levantine Eolianites:Integration of Micromorphology,Environmental Magnetism and Mineralogy

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Journal of Mountain Science 2009年第2期6卷 113-124页

作者： Alexander Tsatskin Tatyana S.Gendler Friedrich Heller igal Dekman Gitti L.Frey Laboratory of Geology Zinman Institute of Archaeology University of HaifaHaifa 31905 Israel United Institute of Physics of the Earth RAS Bolshaya Gruzinskaya 10Moscow 123810 Russia Institut für Geophysik ETH ZürichCH-8092 Zürich Switzerland Department of Materials Engineering Technion Haifa 32000 Israel

The paper addresses the controversial question of the role of clay-sized dust in the formation of paleosols in coastal eolianites, Israel. At the Habonim type section, the pedocomplex dated by archaeology and luminescence to 45-135 ka ago shows at least three paleosols, not separated by non-soil sediments. The oldest reddish paleosol （apparently related to MIS 5） is magnetically enhanced, leached from carbonates, with signs of bioturbation and strongly aged clay coatings. The reddening is due to very fine, -20 nm, poorly crystallized, superparamagnetic （SP） hematite, as determined by Mossbauer studies. In subsoil, lithorelics of eolianite are found. Over time, the soil surface aggraded due to accelerated fine dust accumulation alongside local slope wash. On younger materials formed magnetically depleted vertisols, dominated by smectite-type expandable paramagnetic clays. In thin sections, vertisols exhibit strong stipple-speckled and striated b-fabric due to shrink-swell processes, impregnative calcite nodules and Fe-Mn redistribution. The uppermost hydric vertisol shows the strongest expression of juxtaposed features of recurrent calcite and Fe precipitation. This paleosol developed on colluvial soil materials, as evidenced by mixing of clay coated and uncoated grains of quartz and calcite allochems. M6ssbauer spectra show high amounts of Fe（III） incorporated in the clay structure, low amounts of SP goethite and absence of SP hematite. Whilst magnetic susceptibility drops in vertisols to minimal values, increase. The latter along ferrimagnetie grain sizes with differences in the hierarchy of microfabric features is taken as indication for lithologic discontinuities which may have resulted from continuous, albeit variable and low-intensity, input of eolian clay from both remote Saharan and local sources, roughly dated to the earlier to middle part of the Last Glacial.

关键词： Coastal sand loess deposition microfabrie hierarchy magnetic enhancement paramagnetic phyllosilicates MSssbauer effect