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Antagonistic Potential of Bacterial Species against Fungal Plant Pathogens(FPP)and Their Role in Plant Growth Promotion(PGP):A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第9期91卷 1859-1877页

作者： Amjad ali Yasir iftikhar Mustansar Mubeen Haider ali Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan Zohaib Asad Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Malik Abdul Rehman Mazhar Abbas Muhammad Rafique Muhammad Usman Ghani Department of Plant Protection Sivas University of Science and TechnologySivas58140Turkey Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan College of Bioscience University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Plant Pathology PMAS University of Arid AgricultureRawalpindi43490Pakistan Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Citrus Research Institute Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management University of Karachi75270KarachiPakistan Pest warning&Quality Control of Pesticides SahiwalPunjab40210Pakistan Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of AgricultureFaisalabad38000Pakistan

Since the 19th century to date,the fungal pathogens have been involved in causing devastating diseases in *** types of fungal pathogens have been observed in important agricultural crops that lead to significant pre and postharvest *** application of synthetic fungicide against the fungal plant pathogens(FPP)is a traditional management practice but at the same time these fungicides kill other beneficial microbes,insects,animal,and humans and are harmful to *** antagonistic microorganism such as bacteria are being used as an alternate strategy to control the *** antagonistic species are cost-effective and eco-friendly in *** biocontrol bacteria have a broad mechanism against fungal pathogens present in the phyllosphere and rhizosphere of the *** antagonistic bacteria have different strategies against the FPP,by producing siderophore,biofilm,volatile organic compounds(VOCs),through parasitism,antibiosis,competition for limited resources and induce systemic resistance(ISR)in the host plant by activating the immune *** commercial bio-products synthesized by the major bacterial species Pseudomonas syringae,Burkholderia cepacia,Streptomyces griseoviridis,Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis are used to control Fusarium,Pythium,Rhizoctonia,Penicillium,Alternaria,and *** commercial bio-formulations of bacteria act as both antifungal and plant growth *** Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)played a significant role in improving plant health by nitrogen-fixing,phosphorus solubilization,phytohormones production,minimizing soil metal contamination,and by ACC deaminase antifungal *** articles are available on the specific antifungal activity of bacteria in plant ***,this review article has summarized the information on biocontrol activity of bacteria against the FPP and the role of PGPR in plant growth *** review also provided a complete picture

关键词： Fungi plant pathogens synthetic fungicide antagonism bio-products PGPR

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Energy Metabolism and Allocation in Selfish Immune System and Brain: A Beneficial Role of Insulin Resistance in Aging

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2019年第1期10卷 64-80页

作者： ali Almajwal iftikhar Alam Falak Zeb Sadia Fatima Clinical Nutrition Department of Community Health Sciences College of Applied Medical Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics Bacha Khan University Charsadda Charsadda Pakistan Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public Health Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China Department of Biochemistry Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Khyber Medical University Peshawar Pakistan

There is relatively limited knowledge concerning our understanding of how our immune system and brain take most of the available energy in a selfish manner to compensate for their own needs on priority in high energy demanding situations. The main objective of this review is to understand the energy allocation to immune system and brain in infections and/or fight or flight situations. The immune system and brain behave in a selfish manner as they allocate themselves majority of the total available energy. Insulin resistance (IR) is used as a tool for energy allocation by these systems. The immune system is activated as a response to stress and infection. Similarly, the brain gets activated as a response to any external environmental impulse, anxiety, and/or mental factor. These situations need to be dealt in a way to minimize their adverse health effects. The immune system and the brain in such situations need enormous energy for activation which is derived from the energy quota otherwise allocated to other organs. This maximum flux of energy towards these systems is achieved by making rest of the organs less responsive to insulin, a condition known as IR. As immune system and brain do not depend upon insulin for uptake of glucose, these systems are benefited from IR. IR is indicated as a beneficial role ensuring maximum energy allocation to these systems for improving health and well-being.

关键词： Selfish Immune System Selfish Brain Energy Balance Insulin Resistance

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Papaya Ring Spot Virus:An Understanding of a Severe Positive-Sense Single Stranded RNA Viral Disease and Its Management

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第10期91卷 2099-2110页

作者： Muhammad Umer Mustansar Mubeen Yasir iftikhar Haider ali Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye Rafia Asghar Mazhar Abbas Malik Abdul Rehman Ernesto A.Moya-Elizondo Yuejun He Institute for Forest Resources and Environment of Guizhou and Forestry College Research Centre of Forest EcologyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang550025China Department of Plant Pathology College of AgricultureUniversity of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan College of Bioscience University of BirminghamBirminghamB152TTUK Department of Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyBahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Plant Pathology PMAS University of Arid AgricultureRawalpindi43490Pakistan Department of Agriculture and Agribusiness Management University of Karachi Karachi75270Pakistan Citrus Research Institute Sargodha40100Pakistan Department of Plant Production Faculty of AgronomyUniversidad de ConcepciónChillán3780000Chile

Viral diseases have been studied in-depth for reducing quality,yield,health and longevity of the fruit,to highlight the economic ***-sense single-stranded RNA viruses are more devastating among all viruses that infect fruit *** of the best examples is papaya ringspot virus(PRSV).It belongs to the genus Potyvirus and it is limited to cause diseases on the family Chenopodiaceae,Cucurbitaceae and *** virus has a serious threat to the production of papaya,which is famous for its high nutritional and pharmaceutical *** plant parts such as leaves,latex,seeds,fruits,bark,peel and roots may contain the biological compound that can be isolated and used in pharmaceutical industries as a disease *** disease symptoms consist of vein clearing and yellowing of young *** ring spot patterns with concentric rings and spots on fruit reduce its quality and *** virus has two major strains P and *** former cause disease in papaya and cucurbits while the later one in *** comprises 94.4%protein,including a 36 kDa coat protein which is a component responsible for a non-persistent transmission through aphids,and 5.5%nucleic *** protection,development of transgenic crops,exploring the resistant sources and induction of pathogen derived resistance have been recorded as effective management of *** with these practices reduced aphid population through insecticides and plant extracts have been found ecofriendly approaches to minimize the disease *** of transgenic crops is a big challenge for the success of disease resistant papaya *** aim of this review is to understand the genomic nature of PRSV,detection methods and the different advanced control meth*** review article will be helpful in developing the best management strategies for controlling PRSV.

关键词： Papaya obligate parasite +ssRNA PRSV aphid genomic characterization and functions

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Passage of Moisture Due to Perspiration in Fabrics

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材料科学与工程（中英文B版） 2012年第2期2卷 174-178页

作者： Soomro Noorullah Sahito iftikhar ali Arbab Alvira Ayoub Department of Textile Engineering Mehran University of Eng. & Tech.

Perspiration moisture is collected in and then passes through the fabric as it is worn. Many characteristics of apparel textiles control collection and passage of moisture. Measurement and choice of moisture related properties associated to the wearing ease have proven to be even complicated than earlier considered. Skin contact comfort and surface wetness of fabrics are interrelated to each other for a wide range of fabrics. This gives an idea that movement of thin layers of gathered perspiration in the form of moisture is an important wearing placate element. This paper deals with the approach of how surface wetness is measured quantitatively, particularly the amount of moisture that is condensed in clothing next to human the skin.

关键词：水分织物服装纺织品吸湿排汗属性关联皮肤接触定量测定舒适性

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Shade and microbes enhance drought stress tolerance in plants by inducing phytohormones at molecular levels: a review

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第6期15卷 1107-1117页

作者： Muhammad Ahsan Asghar Bushra Ahmad ali Raza Bilal Adil Hafz Hassan Javed Muhammad Umer Farooq Abuzar Ghafoor Muhammad iftikhar Hussain Iram Shafq Hassan Karim Xin Sun Wenyu Yang Gábor Kocsy Junbo Du Department of Biological Resources Agricultural InstituteCentre for Agricultural ResearchELKHMartonvásárHungary College of Agronomy Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of AgricultureFaisalabad 38000PunjabPakistan College of Resource Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130China Department of Field Crops Faculty of AgricultureÇukurova UniversityAdana 01330Turkey Department of Plant Biology&Soil Science Faculty of BiologyUniversity of VigoCampus As Lagoas MarcosendeVigo 36310Spain State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengduSichuan 611130China

Plants are frequently exposed to adverse environments during their life *** them drought stress is one of the major threats to agricultural *** order to survive in such unstable environment,plants have developed mechanisms through which they recognize the severity of the stress based on the incoming environmental *** combat the detrimental effects of drought,the plants have evolved various strategies to modulate their physio-hormonal *** strategies that can be modulated by shade and microbes contribute to enhancing tolerance to drought and reducing yield *** hormones,such as abscisic acid,auxin and ethylene have a major role in the shade-and microbe-associated improvement of drought tolerance through their effects on various metabolic *** this process,the CLAVATA3/EMBRYOSURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 25 peptide has a major role due to its effect on ABA synthesis as shown in our regulatory model.

关键词： abscisic acid CLAVATA3/EMBRYOSURROUNDING REGION-RELATED 25 auxin plant growth promoting rhizobacteria ethylene

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Spectrum of Diseases, Disease Related Mortality and Overall Financial Burden of Hospitalized Patients in Medical Wards of Tertiary Care Public Hospital

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2017年第4期7卷 337-348页

作者： iftikhar Haider Naqvi Khalid Mahmood Abu Talib Syed Muhammad Kashif ali Sajjad Department of Medicine Dow University of Health Sciences Karachi Pakistan

Background: Detailed assessment of pattern of diseases and trend of mortalities tends to aid in formulating pivotal aspects of in-hospital policies, standards of care and so consequently promoting efficient work system. This also reserves limited resources keeping within the limit of financial grasp. The study aims to reimburse the colossal paucity of data covering epidemiological burden of diseases, impact on mortality as well as financial burden in socioeconomically challenged public health system. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional hospital based study conducted in department of Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi, from February 2016 to July 2016 using questionnaire based data collection system. Results: Eight thousand and fifty three (8053) cases with almost equal gender proportion were analyzed. Chronic liver disease (CLD) was the most rampant disease, followed by cerebrovascular accident (CVA), tuberculosis and diabetes. Overall 51% cases were attributed to infectious diseases. Overall the average percentage mortality was found to be 20% of all cases. Mean duration of stay was 7.56 ± 7 days. Estimated average total in-hospital expenditure per patient on each visit or stay was 159.15 ± 41.2 $USD (16670.96 ± 4315.7 PKR). Average total diagnostic and medications costs per visit or stay were 89.74 ± 31.2 $USD (9400.26 ± 3268.2 PKR) and 48.68 ± 18.0 $USD (5099.23 ± 1885.5 PKR) respectively. Conclusion: Chronic liver disease, cerebrovascular accident and diabetes were most frequent reasons of hospital admission and mortality. Recognition of most common and fatal diseases with their expenditure is going to lead to formulation of targeted policies both of which would be effective and efficient.

关键词： Communicable Diseases Mortality Health Economics Epidemiology Infectious Diseases

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Structural and Characteristics of Manganese Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles and Its Antibacterial Effect against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2016年第1期6卷 1-9页

作者： iftikhar M. ali Isam M. Ibrahim Entissar F. Ahmed Qayes A. Abbas Department of Physics College of Science University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Biology College of Science University of Baghdad Baghdad Iraq Department of Physics College of Education for Pure Science University of Anbar Ramadi Iraq

The Manganese doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles of the cubic zinc blende structure with the average crystallite size of about 3.56 nm were synthesized using a coprecipitation method using Thioglycolic Acid as an external capping agent for surface modification. The ZnS:Mn2+ nanoparticles of diameter 3.56 nm were manufactured through using inexpensive precursors in an efficient and eco-friendly way. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are used to examine the structure, morphology and chemical composition of the nanoparticles. The antimicrobial activity of (ZnS:Mn2+) nanocrystals was investigated by measuring the diameter of inhibition zone using well diffusion mechanism versus two various bacterial strains. The technique of microorganism inactivation was considered as sorts-dependent. Bacillus subtilis showed the largest antibacterial sensitivity (35 mm) to ZnS: Mn2+ nanoparticles at a concentration (50 mM) whereas Escherichia coli offered maximum zone of inhibition (20 mm) at the same concentration. In this study, the results indicated that ZnS:Mn2+ nanoparticles were found to have significant antibacterial activity against Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) bacteria.

关键词： Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles Co-Precipitation Method Antibacterial Activity

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Forkhead box P3 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase co-expression in Pakistani triple negative breast cancer patients

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2020年第12期11卷 1018-1028页

作者： Kashif Asghar Asif Loya iftikhar ali Rana Muhammad Abu Bakar Asim Farooq Muhammad Tahseen Muhammad Ishaq Iqra Masood Muhammad Usman Rashid Department of Basic Science Research Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan Department of Pathology Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan Department of Cancer Registry and Clinical Data Management Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan Department of Clinical Research Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research CentreLahorePunjab 54000Pakistan

BACKGROUND Forkhead box P3(FOXP3)is a specific marker for immunosuppressive regulatory T(T-reg)cells.T-regs and an immunosuppressive enzyme,indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO),are associated with advanced disease in *** To evaluate the co-expression of FOXP3 and IDO in triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)with respect to hormone-positive breast cancer patients from *** Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the expression of FOXP3,IDO,estrogen receptor,progesterone receptor,and human epidermal growth factor receptor on tissues of breast cancer patients(n=100):Hormone-positive breast cancer(n=51)and TNBC(n=49).A total of 100 patients were characterized as FOXP3 negative vs positive and further categorized based on low,medium,and high IDO expression *** and multivariate logistic regression models were *** Out of 100 breast tumors,25%expressed FOXP3 positive T-regs.A significant coexpression of FOXP3 and IDO was observed among patients with TNBC(P=0.01)compared to those with hormone-positive breast *** variables were identified as significant independent risk factors for FOXP3 positive:IDO expression high(adjusted odds ratio(AOR)5.90;95%confidence interval(CI):1.22-28.64;P=0.03)and TNBC(AOR 2.80;95%CI:0.96-7.95;P=0.05).CONCLUSION Our data showed that FOXP3 positive cells might be associated with high expression of IDO in TNBC ***3 and IDO co-expression may also suggest its involvement in disease,and evaluation of FOXP3 and IDO expression in TNBC patients may offer a new therapeutic option.

关键词： Forkhead box P3 Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase Triple negative breast cancer T-regs Immunotherapy Cancer

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Call Census,Habitat Suitability Modeling,and Local Communities’Perceptions for the Conservation of a Globally Threatened Avian Flagship Species

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Journal of Zoological Research 2022年第1期4卷 26-36页

作者： Abid ali iftikhar Uz Zaman Abbas khan Masoud Yousefi Zahid ali Muhammad Numan khan Department of Biology Government Degree College AkbarpuraNowshera24100Pakistan Peshawar Zoo Wildlife Department KP25000Pakistan Department of Statistic University of Peshawar25000Pakistan Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Natural Resources University of TehranKaraj31587-77871Iran Department of Geography Government Degree College AkbarpuraNowshera24100Pakistan Department of Zoology Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad45320Pakistan

The Western tragopan(Tragopan melanocephalus)is recorded in the IUCN Red List of 2017 as a vulnerable bird species in *** study provides valuable information for the conservation of Western tragopan,which is a globally threatened avian flagship species in *** study was conducted to investigate and resolve the conservation challenges surrounding the species in two major habitat zones-Salkhala Game Reserve and Machiara National *** study was implemented in May-June 2020 for population density using call count ***,questionnaire was used for local residents’perceptions and habitat suitability modeling map was generated using the MaxEnt model based on previously recorded occurrence points as well as recorded in the survey.A total of 26 western Tragopans were identified by call count during the sampling ***,about 77.3%cited Western Tragopan they more likely to hunt while the remaining 22.6%locals recorded other *** 45.3%of this hunting for fun but only 22%for economic values and only 3%of people consider hunting as a part of their *** of modeling habitat suitability of the Western tragopan showed that the species suitable habitats are small and patchy in *** found that the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI)with 40.6 percent contribution was the most important variable in shaping the species *** model identified some new suitable patches which can be the target of future field monitoring for finding new populations of the species and future conservation planning.

关键词： Western Tragopan Globally threaten Habitat modeling Himalayan Pakistan

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Genes and Transcriptional Factors in Chili Plant with Aspect to Metabolism and Resistance against Virus, Bacteria and Fungi： A Review

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第7期4卷 509-517页

作者： Arfan ali Muhammad Sarmad iftikhar Muhammad Munawar Muqadas Aleem Sajed ali Saira Azam Idrees Ahmad Nasir Tayyab Husnain Umair Majid Muhammad Sameer Akram Tajasar Kamran Shehzad Bajwa Tahir Rehman Samiullah National Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology University of the Punjab Lahore 53700 Pakistan Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics University of Agriculture Faisalabad 38000 Pakistan

These days, there is a lot of discussion about genetically modified plants. There are different schools of thoughts in public, and some people adjusted while others are reluctant to accept genetically modified organism foods. Many vegetables are transformed and are used in daily life. Chili is one of those which is genetically modified and used in our food. Race specific genes can be used more efficiently for disease resistance and improving metabolic pathways. Different genes and transcriptional factors are available in Capsicum for this purpose. We can optimize and use the better expressed genes while engineering the chili plants, Genetic modifications causing significant changes are related with metabolism, which cause disease resistance.

关键词： Transcriptional factors chili plant metabolism resistance in chilies.

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