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Genetic variation and cryptic lineage diversity of the Nigerian red-headed rock agama Agama agama associate with eco-geographic zones

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 713-724页

作者： Lotanna M.NNEj. Adeniyi C.ADEOLA Fang YAN Agboola O.OKEYOYIN ojo C.OLADIPO Yohanna SAIDU Dinatu SAMUEL Ifeanyi C.NNEj. Akindele O.ADEYI Abiodun B.ONADEKO Temidayo E.OLAGUNj. Olatunde OMOTOSO Segun O.OLADIPO Oluyinka A.IYIOLA j.hn Y.USONGO Timothy AUTA Abbas D.USMAN Halima ABDULLAHI Odion O.IKHIMIUKOR Wei-Wei ZHOU j.e-Qiong j.N Obih A.UGWUMBA Adiaha A.A.UGWUMBA Min-Sheng PENG Robert W.MURPHY j.ng CHE State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China Sino-Africa j.int Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650223China National Park Service Headquarters Federal Capital TerritoryAbuja 900001Nigeria Old Oyo National Park Oyo State 211242Nigeria Gashaka Gumti National Park SertiTaraba State 663101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences University of AbujaFCTAbuja 902101Nigeria Department of Zoology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Department of Zoology University of LagosLagos 100213Nigeria Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology Kwara State UniversityMaleteKwara State 241104Nigeria Department of Zoology Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of llorinllorinKwara State 240103Nigeria Department of Zoology Modibbo Adama University of TechnologyYola 640101Nigeria Department of Biological Sciences Federal University Dutsin-MaKatsina State 821Nigeria Department of Biology Kashim Ibrahim College of EducationMaiduguriBorno State 600230Nigeria Department of Microbiology University of IbadanIbadanOyo State 200284Nigeria Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Biology Royal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada M5S 2C6

Nigeria is an Afrotropical region with considerable ecological heterogeneity and levels of biotic *** its vertebrate fauna,reptiles have broad distributions,thus,they constitute a compelling system for assessing the impact of ecological variation and geographic isolation on species *** red-headed rock agama,Agama agama,lives in a wide range of habitats and,thus,it may show genetic structuring and ***,we tested the hypothesis that ecology affects its genetic structure and population *** inference phylogenetic analysis of a mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA)gene recovered four well-supported matrilines with strong evidence of genetic structuring consistent with eco-geographic *** differences among populations based on the mtDNA also correlated with geographic distance. The ecologicalniche model for the matrilines had a good fit and robust performance. Population divergence alongthe environmental axes was associated with climatic conditions, and temperature ranked highestamong all environmental variables for forest specialists, while precipitation ranked highest for theforest/derived savanna, and savanna specialists. Our results cannot rej.ct the hypothesis that nicheconservatism promotes geographic isolation of the western populations of Nigerian A. ***, ecological gradients and geographic isolation impact the genetic structure and population divergenceof the lizards. This species might be facing threats due to recent habitat fragmentation,especially in western Nigeria. Conservation actions appear necessary.

关键词： Agama agama ecological speciation genogeography Nigeria population divergence vegetation

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Comparason of Peri-Articular Multimodal Drug Inj.ction with Femoral and Sciatic Nerve Block after Total Knee Arthroplasty

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2012年第4期2卷 155-158页

作者： Calum H. C. Arthur Alexander M. Wood Charles Leeson-Payne Steffen j. Breusch Orthopaedic Department Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK

Good perioperative analgesia following total knee arthroplasty facilitates rehabilitation and may reduce hospital stay. We present the patient analgesic requirements and rehabilitation of a prospective single surgeon series after the introduction of a multimodal drug inj.ction during his total knee arthroplasty. Basic epidemiological data as well as analgesic, antiemetic requirements and time to straight leg raised was collected on 27 consecutive patients (group 1) whom received the multimodal drug inj.ction, consisting of levobupivacaine, ketorolac and adrenaline at the time of their total knee arthroplasty under spinal anaesthesia. Their rehabilitation was compared to a retrospective review of patients who were case matched by age and sex (group 2n = 26), whom had received the unit standard of spinal anaesthetic and a femoral and sciatic block at the time of their operation. Patients in group 1 had significantly lower analgesic and antiemetic requirements than group 2. Group 1 also had a significantly shorter hospital stay. We have demonstrated that periarticular multimodal drug inj.ction can improve perioperative analgesia and mobilisation following total knee arthroplasty as well as reducing opioid requirements and side effects.

关键词： Analgesia Total Knee Replacement Multimodal Drug Inj.ction Peripheral Nerve Blocks Rehabilitation

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Does Pre-Operative Tranexamic Acid Increase the Incidence of Thromboembolism in Primary Lower Limb Arthroplasty?

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2013年第6期3卷 249-252页

作者： Veenesh Selvaratnam j.mes R. Fountain Nigel j. Donnachie Thomas G. Thomas Fintan A. Carroll Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Wirral UK Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Wirral UK.

Introduction: Tranexamic Acid (TA) has been shown to decrease peri-operative bleeding in primary lower limb arthroplasty surgery. There are still concerns with regards to the increased risk of thromboembolic events with the use of TA. The aim of this study was to assess whether the use of pre-operative TA increased the incidence of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE) in Total Hip Replacement (THR) and Total Knee Replacement (TKR). Methods: Patients who underwent primary THR or TKR between August 2007 and August 2009 were identified from the databases of three surgeons within the lower limb arthroplasty unit. A retrospective case notes analysis was performed. DVT was diagnosed on Duplex Ultrasound Scan and PE on CT Pulmonary Angiogram. A positive result was a diagnosis of DVT or PE within 3 months of surgery. Results: 701 patients underwent primary THR and TKR over the 2-year period. 320 patients (189 THR, 131 TKR) received TA pre-operatively. 381 patients (190 THR, 191 TKR) did not receive TA prior to surgery. A total of 8 (2.5%) patients who received TA were diagnosed with either a DVT (4) or PE (4) post operatively. In those patients not receiving TA, 6 had a DVT and 4 had a PE, a total of 10 (2.6%). Conclusion: Pre-operative use of Tranexamic Acid in primary THR and TKR does not increase the incidence of DVT and PE.

关键词： Tranexamic Acid DVT PE TKR THR

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The Impact of j.int Replacement on Driver Function and Safety

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2012年第3期2卷 121-125页

作者： Stephanie j. Muh Yousef Shishani j.nathan Streit Carissa Ann Lucas Vinod Sahgal Matthew Kraay Reuben Gobezie Case Shoulder and Elbow Service Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleve- land USA Cleveland Shoulder Institute University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland USA Department of Hematology/Oncology—Solid Tumor Department The Cleveland Clinic Cleveland USA Department of Orthopaedics Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine University Hospitals of Cleveland Cleveland USA

Background: The timing of return-to-driving following total j.int replacement has not been well-defined. The primary aim is to study the impact of j.int replacement on driver safety. A secondary aim is to investigate the possible predictors for increased car accidents in patients undergoing total j.int replacement surgery. This data will provide the background to support further prospective studies on the relationship of driver safety to j.int replacement surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis of driver safety in the postoperative period was performed by analyzing the self-reporting of 485 patients who had undergone a Total Hip Arthroplasty (n = 196), Total Knee Arthroplasty (n = 258) or Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (n = 31). The mean age was 70 (28 - 88) with 164 male (34%) and 319 female (66%). Patients were mailed a questionnaire and the responses were analyzed to determine what factors affect driving after j.int replacement. Results: Overall, increased patient age and gender were associated with increased accidents following surgery. Our subgroup analysis demonstrated that in patients undergoing TSA, increased patient age was associated with increased accidents. TKA patients showed that older patient age predicted increased accidents following surgery. Conclusions: While age and gender are correlated with increased accidents after j.int replacement in general, no factors specific to j.int replacement surgery are related to increased incidence of accidents.

关键词： Total Hip Arthroplasty Total Knee Arthroplasty Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Driving Driver Safety Traffic Accidents

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The Role of T Lymphocytes in Bone Remodeling

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2023年第4期13卷 131-146页

作者： j.ymes L. Fuller Renee E. Samuel j.son j. Abraham Dina Gad Dana M. Padilla j.ssica A. Cottrell Department of Biological Sciences Seton Hall University South Orange USA

Bone remodeling is a tightly regulated resorption and formation of bone matrix for physiological processes or to maintain bone function. Bone remodeling involves the synchronized differentiation and activity of bone-related cell types including bone matrix-depositing osteoblasts, bone matrix-resorbing osteoclasts, collagen/extracellular matrix-producing chondrocytes, and the progenitors of these cell types. T and B cells are adaptive immune cells that can influence bone remodeling by directly regulating the function of bone-related cells under normal and pathophysiological conditions. The specific mechanisms through which T cells control remodeling are not well defined. Here, we review the impact and influence of T cells and their products on the differentiation and function of bone cells during bone remodeling. Synthesizing new connections and highlighting potential mechanisms may promote additional avenues of study to elucidate the full role that immune cells play in regulating bone homeostasis.

关键词： Osteoimmunology Bone Homeostasis Fracture T Cells B Cells Osteoblasts Osteoclasts Chondrocytes

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Clinical Outcome for Failed Radial Head Arthroplasty Treated with Explantation

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2017年第8期7卷 199-210页

作者： David C. Holt Aimee M. Struk j.seph j. King Robert C. Matthias Thomas W. Wright Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation University of Florida Gainesville USA

Purpose: Failure after radial head arthroplasty is uncommon, but clinically significant. Treatment for failure may involve implant removal. We describe fourteen patients who underwent implant removal after failed radial head arthroplasty. Methods: A retrospective review was performed to determine the cause of failure and clinical data were prospectively collected. Results: At mean follow up of 38 months the mean VAS for pain score was 3.0 and the mean DASH score was 40.5. The mean MEPS was 69. All patients demonstrated improved elbow range of motion. Mean elbow flexion at final follow up was 124°to an average extension deficit of 25°. Fifty percent of patients exhibited clinical symptoms of cubital tunnel syndrome. Three patients required additional surgery after implant removal. Conclusions: Implant removal for failed radial head arthroplasty improves range of motion and demonstrates acceptable outcomes at intermediate-term follow up. However, 50% of patients developed cubital tunnel syndrome and 21% required revision surgery.

关键词： Clinical Outcome Cubital Tunnel Syndrome Explantation Implant Removal Radial Head Arthroplasty

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What Is the Association between an Anteriorly Tilted Pelvis and Trendelenburg Gait?

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2018年第12期8卷 464-475页

作者： Yvonne Paul Mariette Swanepoel Terry j. Ellapen Marco Barnard Henriette V. Hammill Reino W. Müller j.andré Williams Department of Sport and Dental Therapy Faculty of Health Science Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa School of Human Movement Science (PhASRec) Faculty of Health Science North-West University Potchefstroom South Africa

Lower back pain (LBP) is a widespread, painful medical condition that has been plaguing society for many years. Present conservative rehabilitation focus is on lumbo-pelvic hip stability exercises in individual planes. However, a functional integrative rehabilitative approach addressing lumbo-pelvic misalignment in the sagittal (anteriorly tilted pelvis) and frontal (Trendelenburg gait) planes has not been presented. The aforementioned patho-biomechanical conditions and their management are often discussed estranged from each other rather than functionally integrated. This paper serves as a short communication which discusses the lumbo-pelvic anatomy, identifies the anatomical and biomechanical associations between the anteriorly tilted pelvic and Trendelenburg gait. Through an analysis of relevant literature, recommendations were made on the improvement of flexibility of the hip flexors, taut iliofemoral and pubofemoral ligaments to resolve the primary abnormal force-couple, with improved flexibility of the erector spinae and quadratus lumborum to resolve the secondary abnormal force-couple. In addition, improved flexibility of the hip flexors should coincide with closed-kinetic chain concentric strengthening of the ipsi-lateral hip abductors and contralateral external obliques. Patient education is also needed for self-re-alignment of the lower extremity to a neutral position and neutral foot stance. Biokineticists/exercise therapists should also review the patient’s gait biomechanics to determine whether sartorius synergistic dominance is in play. In conclusion, the association between an anteriorly tilted pelvis and Trendelenburg gait, is in regard to taut anterior acetabulofemoral ligaments and femoral retroversion torsion angle that is both preceded and followed by the biomechanical influence of various anatomical structures. These anatomical and biomechanical factors must be evaluated by the biokineticists/exercise therapists before prescribing a rehabilitati

关键词： Anteriorly Tilted Pelvis Trendelenburg Gait Interactive Functional Rehabilitation

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An Exercise Rehabilitative Solution to Work-Related Musculoskeletal Lower Back Pain among Nurses

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2018年第8期8卷 322-330页

作者： Yvonne Paul Terry j. Ellapen Mariette Swanepoel Henriette V. Hammill Henriette V. Hammill Marco Barnard Bongani T. Qumbu Department of Sport and Dental Therapy Faculty of Health Science Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa Faculty of Health Sciences PhASRec North-West University Potchefstroom South Africa

The attrition of professional nurses is a sad reality. Work-related musculoskeletal lower back pain (WRMLBP) among nurses has been cited as a factor of increased sick leave and poor health. Occupational predisposing factors of lower back pain are strenuous physical stresses of nursing, obesity and poor physical conditioning. Regular stretching and strengthening exercises dissipate lower back pain. This commentary’s obj.ctives are to explain the association between obesity and lower back pain and the exercise mechanism that dissipates this pain, thereby concluding that nurses should consider regular exercise as a therapeutic option.

关键词： Nurses Lower Back Pain Exercise

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Septic Chronic Multifocal Osteomyelitis in Children: A Challenging Presentation of Osteomylitis in a Low Income Country

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2018年第6期8卷 213-220页

作者： S. A. Kissou P. W. H. Dakouré j. M. Somé M. Soulama M. Diallo Department of Pediatrics Nazi BONI University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Nazi BONI University Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Department of Medical Imaging University Teaching Hospital Ouahigouya Burkina Faso

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, biological and x-ray presentation of Septic Chronic Multifocal Osteomyelitis (SCMO) and discuss the therapeutic difficulties of this pathology in an African Sub-Saharan teaching hospital. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in the Orthopedics and Trauma department of the university teaching hospital of Bobo-Dioulasso (Burkina Faso). Over a period of two years, we selected all cases of chronic osteomyelitis. We studied the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of SCMO cases. Results: Eleven cases of SCMO were identified. The mean age of the patients was 11.8 years and the sex ratio was 1.75. There were 7 rural patients. The mean time to visit the hospital was 158 days. The most common reasons for consultation were pain (10 cases), swelling (9 cases), and fever (7 cases). Two were sickle cell patients. The most affected bones were the femur (10 cases), the tibia (9 cases) and the fibula (6 cases). The most frequent specific radiological lesions were sequestra (6 cases) followed by pandiaphysitis. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common aetiology. Treatment combined antibiotherapy and surgery (sequestrectomy and/or bone curettage and/or fistulectomy). Hip dislocations, pathological fractures and bone defect complicated the course of this disease. The therapeutic results was good in 3 patients and bad in 5 patients;the other 3 patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusion: Septic chronic multifocal osteomyelitis is a rare but formidable form of osteomyelitis in children. Therapeutic outcomes are often poor in hospitals with limited resources. The best strategy is prevention through early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of acute osteomyelitis.

关键词： Bacterial Children Hematogen Multifocal Osteomyelitis

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Unilateral Femoral Neck Fracture after Epileptic Seizure in Young Patient: A Case Report

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Open j.urnal of Orthopedics 2020年第8期10卷 166-171页

作者： j. C. Niyondiko P. Hakizimana P. Barasukana S. Manirakiza G. Ndayizeye C. P. Baramburiye S. Nimubona Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Traumatologie Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge Bujumbura Burundi Service de Neurologie Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge Bujumbura Burundi Service de Radiologie Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge Bujumbura Burundi

Femoral neck fracture occurring after an epileptic seizure is a rare and under-diagnosed inj.ry. The maj.rity of the reported cases in literature are old patients with osteoporosis. Younger patients present several risk factors of osteopenia and the treatment remains controversial. We present an outcome of a 23 years old patient with unilateral femoral neck fracture occurring during an epileptic seizure and we discuss the associated multiple risk factors of osteopenia and osteonecrosis of the hip. The patient was brought to the emergency department of Teaching Hospital of Kamenge (CHUK) complaining of pain in his left hip that had been progressing for one month after an epileptic seizure. There is a history of HIV infection since birth and epileptic seizures with ongoing treatments for both diseases. Despite the high risk of avascular necrosis, the treatment choice has been influenced by the patient’s age and a conservative surgery by internal fixation with Dynamic Hip Screw has been made. Unfortunately, this treatment early resulted in osteonecrosis of the hip since HIV infection itself and the highly active anti-retroviral therapy increase its risk.

关键词： Femoral Neck Fracture Epileptic Seizure Osteopenia Internal Fixation

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