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Simultaneous Erb's and Klumpke's palsy: Case report

World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第12期3卷 984-987页

作者： Ashley Dawson eliana Vasquez David Garrett Jr Frank S Harris ibrahim.m.el nihum.sam.ntha dayawansa Jason H Huang Soren Singel Faculty of medicine Texas A and M University Department of Neurosurgery Baylor Scott and White Health Care

mapping nerve deficits during a physical exam after trauma to the upper extremity can help determine not only if the brachial plexus was injured but also which nerve roots were involved. A 28-year-old male presented with simultaneous signs and symptoms of Erb's(C5) and Klumpke's(C8, T1) palsy, with sparing of the C6 and C7 roots. The patient presented several months ago to his local emergency room with shortness of breath, which was determined to be caused by left diaphragmatic paralysis through clinical and radiographical evidence. However, the etiology of the current nerve dysfunction in the upper extremity remained unknown. With persistent questioning and establishing the patient's trust in the caregivers, it was revealed that the patient had attempted suicidal hanging. We describe the clinical features and the likely mechanism of injury leading to this previously unreported combination of brachial plexus injuries. The unique injuries to this patient's brachial plexus can be explained by the sequence of events during the attempted suicidal hanging. The upper brachial plexus was injured during the initial moments where the neck was excessively stretched and the lower brachial plexus was injured due to the patient reaching up and holding himself by his arm for an extended period of time.

关键词： Erb’s palsy Klumpke’s palsy Hanging injury

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Response of tropical avifauna to visitor recreational disturbances: a case study from the Sinharaja World Heritage Forest, Sri Lanka

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Chinese Birds 2016年第3期7卷 142-154页

作者： Nilusha S.Alwis Priyan Perera Nihal P.dayawansa Department of Forestry and Environmental Science University of Sri Jayewardenepura Department of Zoology University of Colombo

Background: We investigated the impact of human recreational disturbances on the distribution of birds along a popular nature trail in Sinhararja World Heritage Forest, Sri Lanka. It was hypothesized that visual and noise stimuli caused by the presence of humans affect the distribution of avifauna associated with this nature ***: Nine circular plots of 25 m fixed-radius laid along the trail(0 m), and 18 plots laid perpendicular to the trail at 75 and 150 m intervals, were studied from march 2013 to January 2014. The degree of human recreational disturbances was assessed in terms of visitor group size(visual disturbance) and their noise level(sound disturbance). These disturbances were categorized along a four-point scale(no human disturbance, low, medium and high disturbance). The relationship between disturbance levels and the abundance of birds was statistically ***: ANOVA results revealed that the abundance of birds differed significantly under various intensities of recreational disturbances at each distance level. A significant negative correlation between abundance of birds and intensity of disturbance at 0 m distance suggests an avoidance of edge habitats by birds in the presence of humans. Abundance of birds increased at the 75 and 150 m distance levels with increasing disturbances occurring at the trail. Significant negative correlations were further observed between disturbance level and the abundance of birds in ground/understory and sub-canopy vertical strata of the forest at 0 m ***: Under high levels of recreational disturbance occurring at this trail, the abundance of birds near the trail declined significantly, while bird abundance in the interior of the forest increased. The sensitivity of individual bird species to visitor disturbances varied with the vertical stratum of the forest they usually occupy. Birds occupying the ground, understory and sub-canopy are particularly sensitive to recreational disturbances

关键词： Recreational disturbances Ecotourism Tropical birds Sinharaja World Heritage Forest Habituation

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A STATE SPACE ISOmORPHISm THEOREm F0R mINImAL DYNAmICAL SYSTEmS

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Acta mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 1991年第1期7卷 34-37页

作者： W.P.dayawansa C.F.mARTIN D.CHENG Texas Technical University USATexas Technical UniversityUSATexas Technical UniversityUSA

Consider a discrete time dynamical system x_(k+1)=f(x_k) on a compact metric space m, wheref: m→m is a continuous map. Let h:m→R^k be a continuous output function. Suppose that all ofthe positive orbits of f are dense and that the system is observable. We prove that any outputtrajectory of the system determines f and h and m up to a *** m is a compactAbelian topological group and f is an ergodic translation, then any output trajectory determinesthe system up to a translation and a group isomorphism of the group.

关键词： A STATE SPACE ISOmORPHISm THEOREm F0R mINImAL DYNAmICAL SYSTEmS lim

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