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Impact of grazing on soil, vegetation and ewe production performances in a semi-arid rangeland

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第4期15卷 685-694页

作者： Muhammad ISLAM Abdul RAZZAQ Shamim GUL Sarfraz AHMAD Taj MUHAMMAD Sawsan HASSAn Barbara RISCHKOWSKY M.n.M.ibrahim Mounir LOUHAICHI International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) South Asia Islamabad Pakistan Animal Sciences Division Pakistan Agricultural Research Council Islamabad Pakistan Botany Department University of Balochistan Quetta Pakistan Department of natural Resource Sciences McGill University QC Canada natural Resources Division Pakistan Agricultural Research Council Islamabad Pakistan Forest & Wildlife Department Quetta Balochistan Pakistan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) Amman Jordan International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas (ICARDA) SSA ILRI campus Addis Ababa Ethiopia International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) Pakistan

Controlled grazing is considered a good management strategy to maintain or increase the live weight of livestock and to reduce vegetation degradation of rangelands. The present study investigated soil characteristics, aboveground vegetation biomass dynamics and controlled grazinginduced changes in the live weight of local ewes in the semi-arid rangeland of Ahmadun, Ziarat, Balochistanprovince of Pakistan. An area of 115 ha was protected from livestock grazing in April 2014. In June 2015, soil characteristics within 0-30 cm depth i.e. soil organic matter(SOM), mineral nitrogen, p H and texture in controlled and uncontrolled grazing sites were assessed. Aboveground vegetation biomass measured in early(June) and late summer(August) in 2015 and 2016. The nutritional value i.e. crude protein, phosphorus(P), neutral detergent fiber(nDF), acid detergent fiber(ADF), calcium(Ca), magnesium(Mg) and potassium(K) of dominantplant species were assessed at the beginning of experiment in 2015. Vegetation cover of controlled and uncontrolled grazing sites was also measured during the two years of the study period using the Veg Measure software. From June to november in2015 and 2016, controlled and uncontrolled livestock grazing sites were grazed on a daily basis by local ewes with a stocking rate of 2 and 1 head ha^(-1) respectively. Results reveal that the organic matter contents of coarse-textured, slightly alkaline soil of the study site were in the range of 9.4-17.6 g kg^(-1) soil and showed a strong positive correlation with aboveground vegetation biomass. The biomass of plants was 56.5% and 33% greater at controlled than uncontrolled grazing site in 2015 and 2016 respectively and plant cover was also higher at controlled than uncontrolled grazing site in both years The nutrient contents were significantly(Pn grasses than shrubs. In both years, the controlled grazing increased the weight gain of ewes about two folds compared to the uncontrolled *** results

关键词： Grazing exclosure Soil organic matter Vegetation cover VegMeasure

Automated Test Case Generation from Requirements: A Systematic Literature Review

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第5期67卷 1819-1833页

作者： Ahmad Mustafa Wan M.n.Wan-Kadir noraini ibrahim Muhammad Arif Shah Muhammad Younas Atif Khan Mahdi Zareei Faisal Alanazi Department of Software Engineering School of ComputingUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor BahruJohor81310Malaysia Department of Computer Science Government College UniversityFaisalabad38000Pakistan Department of Software Engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and TechnologyHaripur22620Pakistan Department of Computer Science Islamia College PeshawarPeshawarPakistan Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopan45201Mexico Department of Electrical Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityAl Kharj11942Saudi Arabia

Software testing is an important and cost intensive activity in software *** major contribution in cost is due to test case ***-based testing is an approach in which test cases are derivative from requirements without considering the implementation’s internal ***-based testing includes functional and nonfunctional *** objective of this study is to explore the approaches that generate test cases from requirements.A systematic literature review based on two research questions and extensive quality assessment criteria includes *** study identies 30 primary studies from 410 studies spanned from 2000 to *** review’s nding shows that 53%of journal papers,42%of conference papers,and 5%of book chapters’address requirementsbased *** of the studies use UML,activity,and use case diagrams for test case generation from *** of the signicant lessons learned is that most software testing errors are traced back to errors in natural language requirements.A substantial amount of work focuses on UML diagrams for test case generations,which cannot capture all the system’s developed ***,there is a lack of UML-based models that can generate test cases from natural language requirements by rening them in *** criteria indicate how efciently the testing has been performed 12.37%of studies use requirements coverage,20%of studies cover path coverage,and 17%study basic coverage.

关键词： Test case generation functional testing techniques requirementsbased test case generation system testing natural language requirement requirements tractability coverage criteria

In vitro microbiologically-induced concrete corrosion behavior of Ag^(+) loaded zeolite-polyurethane coating for concrete sewer applications

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Journal of Central South University 2022年第9期29卷 3171-3185页

作者： Asma KAMARUL ASRI Safaa n.SAUD Esah HAMZAH Zaharah ibrahim Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaSkudai 81310Malaysia Faculty of Information Sciences and Engineering Management&Science UniversityShah Alam 40100Malaysia Faculty of Bioscience and Bioengineering Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor 81310Malaysia

Microbiologically-induced concrete corrosion(MICC)refers to chemical reactions between biologically produced sulphuric acid and with hydration products in the hardened concrete paste,resulting in an early reduction of strength,deterioration,and very severe circumstances,structural *** paper explores the bactericidal characteristics of cementitious materials with surface coated with modified *** zeolite-polyurethane coating incorporated with silver was studied in environments inoculated with *** bacteria for 8 consecutive *** antibacterial characteristics were evaluated in terms of pH,optical density(OD),sulphate production and bacteria count to determine the effectiveness of the zeolite-polyurethane coatings in environments inoculated with *** bacteria producing the sulphuric *** results revealed that the samples incorporated with silver modified zeolites generally showed antibacterial performance(regardless of the zeolite type)compared with unmodified polyurethane *** was evaluated by the lack of bacteria attachment and the deformed microcolonies on the sample surface,lag in pH reduction,increase in OD,and sulphate *** silver zeolites gained their antibacterial performance from the release of silver ions(Ag^(+))when the sample comes into contact with aqueous *** results in the inhibition of cell functions of the bacteria and subsequently causes cell damage.

关键词： microbiologically-induced corrosion cement zeolite A.thiooxidans silver ions

Kinetic and product studies of the reactions of nO3 with a series of unsaturated organic compounds

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第9期32卷 111-120页

作者： Yangang Ren Max McGillen ibrahim Ouchen Veronique Daële Abdelwahid Mellouki Centre national de la Recherche Scientifique(CnRS)(UPR 3021) Observatoire des Sciences de l’Univers en région Centre(OSUC)Institut de CombustionAérothermiqueRéactivitéet Environnement(ICARE)Orléans 45071France Earth Sciences Department Scientific InstituteMohammed V UniversityRabat 10106Morocco Le Studium Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies Orléans 45071France

Rate coefficients for the reaction of n03 radicals with 6 unsaturated volatile organic compounds(VOCs) in a 7300 L simulation chamber at ambient temperature and pressure have been determined by the relative rate *** resulting rate coefficients were determined for isoprene,2-carene,3-carene,methyl vinyl ketone(MVK),methacrolein(MACR)and crotonaldehyde(CA),as(6.6±0.8)×10-13,(1.8±0.6)×10-11,(8.7±0.5)×10-12,(1.24±1.04)×10-16,(3.3±0.9)×10-15 and(5.7±1.2)×10-15 cm3/(molecule·sec),*** experiments indicate that nO3 radical reactions with all the studied unsaturated VOGs proceed through addition to the olefinic bond,however,it indicates that the introduction of a carbonyl group into unsaturated VOGs can deactivate the neighboring olefinic bond towards reaction with the nO3 radical,which is to be expected since the presence of these electronwithdrawing substituents will reduce the electron density in the π orbitals of the alkenes,and will therefore reduce the rate coefficient of these electrophilic addition *** addition,we investigated the product formation from the reactions of 2-carene and 3-carene with the nO3 *** identification of an epoxide(C10H16OH+),caronaldehyde(C10H16O2 H+) and nitrooxy-ketone(C10H16O4 nH+) was achieved using a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer(PTR-TOF-MS) and a reaction mechanism is proposed.

关键词： Rate coefficient nO_(3) radical Products Volatile organic compounds(VOCs)

Tagetones A and B, new cytotoxic monocyclic diterpenoids from flowers of Tagetes minuta

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Chinese Journal of natural Medicines 2017年第7期15卷 546-549页

作者： Sabrin Ragab Mohamed ibrahim Gamal Abd Allah Mohamed Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry College of Pharmacy Taibah University Al-Madinah Al-Munawarah 30078 Saudi Arabia Department of natural Products and Alternative Medicine Faculty of Pharmacy King Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

Tagetones A(1) and B(2), two new monocyclic diterpenoids were isolated from the n-hexane fraction of fresh flowers of Tagetes minuta L.(Asteraceae). Their structures were established by multiple spectroscopic methods(IR, HR-ESI-MS, and 1D-, and 2D-nMR), in addition to comparison with literature data. Compound 1 showed cytotoxic activity towards MCF7 and A549 cancer cells with IC_(50) values being 4.68 and 4.24 μmol·L^(-1), respectively, compared to doxorubicin(IC_(50) 0.13 and 1.12 μmol·L^(-1), respectively). Compound 2 also exhibited significant activity against HCT116 cancer cells(IC_(50), 6.30 μmol·L^(-1)).

关键词： Tagetes minuta Asteraceae Monocyclic diterpenoids Tagetones Cytotoxic

Clustered Single-Board Devices with Docker Container Big Stream Processing Architecture

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第12期73卷 5349-5365页

作者： n.Penchalaiah Abeer S.Al-Humaimeedy Mashael Maashi J.Chinna Babu Osamah ibrahim Khalaf Theyazn H.H.Aldhyani Department of CSE AITSRajampet516126Andhra PradeshIndia Software Engineering Department College of Computer and Information SciencesKing Saud UniversityP.O.Box 103786Riyadh11616Saudi Arabia Software Engineering Department King Saud UniversityRiyadh11543Saudi Arabia Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Annamacharya Institute of Technology and SciencesRajampet516126Andhra PradeshIndia Al-nahrain University Al-Nahrain Nanorenewable Energy Research CenterBaghdad10072Iraq Applied College in Abqaiq King Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 400Al-Ahsa31982Saudi Arabia

The expanding amounts of information created by Internet of Things(IoT)devices places a strain on cloud computing,which is often used for data analysis and *** paper investigates a different approach based on edge cloud applications,which involves data filtering and processing before being delivered to a backup cloud *** Paper suggest designing and implementing a low cost,low power cluster of Single Board Computers(SBC)for this purpose,reducing the amount of data that must be transmitted elsewhere,using Big Data ideas and *** Apache Hadoop and Spark Cluster that was used to run a test application was containerized and deployed using a Raspberry Pi cluster and *** obtain system data and analyze the setup’s performance a Prometheusbased stack monitoring and alerting solution in the cloud based market is *** Paper assesses the system’s complexity and demonstrates how containerization can improve fault tolerance and maintenance ease,allowing the suggested solution to be used in *** evaluation of the overall performance is presented to highlight the capabilities and limitations of the suggested architecture,taking into consideration the suggested solution’s resource use in respect to device restrictions.

关键词： Big data edge cloud cluster architecture performance engineering Raspberry pi dockers warm container technology data streaming

nTRU_SSS:Anew Method Signcryption Post Quantum Cryptography Based on Shamir’s Secret Sharing

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第7期76卷 753-769页

作者： Asma ibrahim Hussein Abeer Tariq MaoLood Ekhlas Khalaf Gbashi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research BagdadIraq Affiliations Computer Science Univ.of TechnologyBagdad750004Iraq

With the advent of quantum computing,numerous efforts have been made to standardize post-quantum cryptosystems with the intention of(eventually)replacing Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC)and Rivets-Shamir-Adelman(RSA).A modified version of the traditional n-Th Degree Truncated Polynomial Ring(nTRU)cryptosystem called nTRU Prime has been developed to reduce the attack *** this paper,the Signcryption scheme was proposed,and it is most efficient than others since it reduces the complexity and runs the time of the code execution,and at the same time,provides a better security degree since it ensures the integrity of the sent message,confidentiality of the data,forward secrecy when using refreshed parameters for each *** to prevent the man-in-the-middle attack from being active or passive,and non-repudiation when the sender can’t deny the recently sent *** study aims to create a novel nTRU cryptography algorithm system that takes advantage of the security features of curve fitting operations and the valuable characteristics of chaotic *** proposed algorithm combines the(nTRU Prime)and Shamir’s Secret Sharing(SSS)features to improve the security of the nTRU encryption and key generation stages that rely on robust polynomial *** on experimental results and a comparison of the time required for crucial exchange between nTRU-SSS and the original nTRU,this study shows a rise in complexity with a decrease in execution time in the case when compared to the original ***’s encouraging to see signs that the suggested changes to the nTRU work to increase accuracy and efficiency.

关键词： Post-quantum cryptography nTRU Shamir’s secret sharing public key

Pseudo-Markovian viscosity solutions of fully nonlinear degenerate PPDEs

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Probability, Uncertainty and Quantitative Risk 2016年第1期1卷 218-251页

作者： ibrahim Ekren Jianfeng Zhang ETH Department of Mathematics ZurichSwitzerland University of Southern California Department of MathematicsLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

In this paper,we propose a new type of viscosity solutions for fully nonlinear path-dependent *** restricting the solution to a pseudo-Markovian structure defined below,we remove the uniform non-degeneracy condition needed in our earlier works(Ekren,I,Touzi,n,Zhang,J,Ann Probab,44:1212–1253,2016a;Ekren,I,Touzi,n,Zhang,J,Ann Probab,44:2507–2553,2016b)to establish the uniqueness *** establish the comparison principle under natural and mild ***,we apply our results to two important classes of PPDEs:the stochastic HJB equations and the path-dependent Isaacs equations,induced from the stochastic optimization with random coefficients and the path-dependent zero-sum game problem,respectively.

关键词： Path dependent PDEs Viscosity solutions Comparison principle Stochastic HJB equations Isaacs equations

Determination of Polarity Terms of Some nitrogen-Containing Surfactants and Simulated Hydrophobic Tail Models by Gas Chromatography

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色谱 2005年第4期23卷 347-352页

作者： BARAKAT Y ibrahim V MOSTAFA n E SHAKER n O Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo EgyptEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo EgyptEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo EgyptEgyptian Petroleum Research Institute Cairo Egypt

Some polarity terms of two groups of nitrogen-containing surfactants （six alkanolamides and nine polyoxyethylenated long chain amines） are measured through gas chromatography. The apparent methanol carbon number (CMeOH) and polarity index （IP） values are determined on the investigated surfactants as stationary phases in packed columns. Similarly, CMeOH and IP values are determined on simulated hydrophobic tail （SHT） models. The obtained results reveal that the introduction of SHT approach permits the distinction between the polarities of different surfactants and their head groups. The measured polarity terms are discussed as related to hydrophile-lipophile balance （HLB） number and the hydrophobic group carbon number （RCn）. Some equations relating the measured polarity values and these variable have been developed.

关键词：气相色谱法含氮表面活性剂疏水尾链模型极性参数模拟测定