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Progressive events in supervisory control and compositional verification

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Control Theory and Technology 2014年第3期12卷 317-329页

作者： simon ware Robi Malik School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore Department of Computer Science University of WaikatoHamilton New Zealand

This paper investigates some limitations of the nonblocking property when used for supervisor synthesis in discrete event systems. It is shown that there are cases where synthesis with the nonblocking property gives undesired results. To address such cases, the paper introduces progressive events as a means to specify more precisely how a synthesised supervisor should complete its tasks. The nonblocking property is modified to take progressive events into account, and appropriate methods for verification and synthesis are proposed. Experiments show that progressive events can be used in the analysis of industrial-scale systems, and can expose issues that remain undetected by standard nonblocking verification.

关键词： Model validation in design methods Controller constraints and structure Computational issues

Integration of Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine in Clinical Practice(Patient Care):Past,Present,and A Proposed Model for the Future

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2013年第2期19卷 83-85页

作者： ian Tsang simon Huang Barry Koehler Division of Rheumatology Department of MedicineUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada

Historic Background Chinese medicine （CM） has over 2,000 years of history in China and was the only health care system providing care for Chinese prior to the introduction of Western medicine （WM） into China. WM was slowly introduced into China by missionaries from the middle 17th century to the beginning of the 19th century. By 1840, WM began to take root in China. Western hospitals, clinics, medical schools and nursing schools spread rapidly throughout the country. At that time, with the might and power portrayed by Western countries,

关键词： Patient Care Past,Present,and A Proposed Model for the Future WM

Audible noise evaluation for six-phase overhead lines transformed from existing three-phase double circuit infrastructures with uprated voltages

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High Voltage 2022年第5期7卷 866-876页

作者： Qi Li Yanzhou Li simon Rowland Jianlin Hu ian Cotton Xingliang Jiang State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Electrical Engineering SchoolChongqing UniversityChongqingChina Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK

The drive to reduce carbon emissions and meet climate change targets set by governments worldwide has led to the growth of renewable energy sources and electric vehicles in recent *** intermittent generation and centralised demand require increased transmission capacities when operating associated power *** transmission lines are not capable of meeting planned *** many countries,obtaining a new right of way to build an overhead line(OHL)is increasingly *** is therefore an urgent need to study techniques for transmission line *** increasing voltages is not feasible because elevated surface potential gradient at conductor surfaces increases audible noise(AN)levels *** feasibility of high phase order,especially six-phase,transmission techniques has been previously demonstrated,and it has been proved to be an effective way to uprate existing three-phase double circuit OHLs with increased *** study analyses two typical overhead line structures,whose conductor surface potential gradient and AN level are *** average and maximum surface potential gradient of the six-phase OHL are 18.5%and 18.6%lower than that of the three-phase *** AN of the six-phase single circuit OHL is predicted to be 6.33 and 6.45 dBA lower than that of the three-phase double circuit OHL after the voltage is increased by 45%and 50%for the lines *** is shown that six-phase OHLs can increase capacity by allowing elevating phase voltages without increasing acoustic noise levels.

关键词： phase double transformed

Treatment of meniscal tears: An evidence based approach

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2014年第3期5卷 233-241页

作者： simon C Mordecai Nawfal Al-Hadithy Howard E ware Chinmay M Gupte Imperial College NHS Trust St Mary’s and Charing Cross HospitalsLondon W21NYUnited Kingdom The Wellington Hospital The Knee Surgery UnitLondon NW8 9LEUnited Kingdom

Treatment options for meniscal tears fall into three broad categories;non-operative,meniscectomy or meniscal *** the most appropriate treatment for a given patient involves both patient factors(e.g.,age,co-morbidities and compliance)and tear characteristics(e.g.,location of tear/age/reducibility of tear).There is evidence suggesting that degenerative tears in older patients without mechanical symptoms can be effectively treated non-operatively with a structured physical therapy programme as a first *** if these patients later require meniscectomy they will still achieve similar functional outcomes than if they had initially been treated *** meniscectomy is suitable for symptomatic tears not amenable to repair,and can still preserve meniscal function especially when the peripheral meniscal rim is *** repair shows 80%success at 2 years and is more suitable in younger patients with reducible tears that are peripheral(e.g.,nearer the capsular attachment)and horizontal or longitudinal in ***,careful patient selection and repair technique is required with good compliance to post-operative rehabilitation,which often consists of bracing and non-weight bearing for 4-6 wk.

关键词： Meniscus Meniscectomy Meniscal tear Meniscal repair Arthroscopic surgery

Experimental verification of the potential of superhydrophobic surfaces in reducing audible noise on HVAC overhead line conductors

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High Voltage 2022年第4期7卷 692-704页

作者： Xu Zhang ian Cotton Qi Li simon MRowland Christopher Emersic Chengxing Lian Wenyuan Li Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of ManchesterManchesterUK School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

Overhead line conductors can generate audible noise across a wide frequency spectrum as a result of elevated electric fields at the conductor *** fields are enhanced by the presence of surface defects,insects,water drops and *** this paper,the impact of a superhydrophobic coating on the audible noise produced by an overhead line conductor is *** levels from a conductor coated with a superhydrophobic coating were compared to those from a bare conductor in a semi-anechoic *** conductors were energised at voltages to provide surface electric fields ranging from 6 kV/cm to 21 kV/cm(rms).With a continuous water spray system depositing droplets on the conductor surface,the frequency domain sound pressure level,overall sound pressure levels and corona discharge magnitude were *** is demonstrated that the use of a superhydrophobic coating reduced audible noise levels and corona discharge magnitude,especially at electric fields above 14 kV/*** image analysis suggests that the water drop size distribution and the position of surface droplets on the conductor circumference play an important role in the magnitude of audible noise.

关键词： coating surface potential

Degradation of superhydrophobic aluminium overhead line conductor surfaces

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High Voltage 2024年第4期9卷 763-772页

作者： Xu Zhang Chorphaka Plaengpraphan Chengxing Lian Wenyuan Li Qinghua Han simon M.Rowland ian Cotton Qi Li School of Engineering University of WarwickCoventryUK State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina School of Engineering University of ManchesterManchesterUK School of Engineering Imperial College LondonLondonUK Electrical Engineering School Chongqing UniversityChongqingChina

It has been shown that noise emissions from HV overhead line conductors can be reduced under rain conditions by making their surfaces *** working environment makes ensuring the longevity of any treatment a major *** degradation of various superhydrophobic surfaces generated by applying a superhydrophobic coating and patterning microscale channels is assessed under an AC electric field(18 kV/cm)with continuous water *** examining the droplet distribution on the surfaces during the degradation and the surface roughness before and after degra-dation,the authors demonstrate that no water droplets were found on the microscale patterned surface,but droplets were formed on the coated surface after *** surface roughness reduction of the coated surface and microscale patterned surface was 29.8% and 11.3%,respectively,indicating that the microscale patterned surface has better durability than the superhydrophobic coating under the AC electric stress.

关键词： coating roughness surface

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy and lithotripsy in treating difficult biliary ductal stones: Two case reports

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2019年第4期11卷 298-307页

作者： Edward Alabraba simon Travis ian Beckingham Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery Queen's Medical Centre Department of Radiology Queen’s Medical Centre

BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) is preferred for managing biliary obstruction in patients with bilio-enteric anastomotic strictures(BEAS) and calculi. In patients whose duodenal anatomy is altered following upper gastrointestinal(UGI) tract surgery, ERCP is technically challenging because the biliary tree becomes difficult to access by per-oral *** endoscopic therapies like balloon-enteroscopy or rendevous-ERCP may be considered but are not always feasible. Biliary sepsis and comorbidities may also make these patients poor candidates for surgical management of their biliary *** SUMMARY We present two 70-year-old caucasian patients admitted as emergencies with obstructive cholangitis. Both patients had BEAS associated with calculi that were predominantly extrahepatic in Patient 1 and intrahepatic in Patient 2. Both patients were unsuitable for conventional ERCP due to surgically-altered UGl anatomy. Emergency biliary drainage was by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography(PTC) in both cases and after 6-weeks' maturation, PTC tracts were dilated to perform percutaneous transhepatic cholangioscopy and lithotripsy(PTCSL) for duct clearance. BEAS were firstly dilated fluoroscopically,and then biliary stones were flushed into the small bowel or basket-retrieved under visualization provided by the percutaneously-inserted video cholangioscope. Lithotripsy was used to fragment impacted calculi, also under visualization by video cholangioscopy. Satisfactory duct clearance was achieved in Patient 1 after one PTCSL procedure, but Patient 2 required a further procedure to clear persisting intrahepatic calculi. Ultimately both patients had successful stone clearance confirmed by check *** PTCSL offers a pragmatic, feasible and safe method for biliary tract clearance when neither ERCP nor surgical exploration is suitable.

关键词： Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography Video cholangioscopy Lithotripsy Biliary calculi Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Case report Bilio-enteric anastomotic strictures

Mixed reality emergency management:bringing virtual evacuation simulations into real-world built environments

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第2期12卷 190-208页

作者： ian Lochhead Nick Hedley Department of Geography Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyCanada

Computer-based evacuation simulations are important tools for emergency *** simulations vary in complexity and include 2D and 3D GIS-based network analyses,agent-based models,and sophisticated models built on documented human behaviour and particle *** the influential role of built environments in determining human movement,a disconnect often exists between the features of the real world and the way they are represented within these simulation *** proliferation of emergency management location-aware mobile devices,along with a recent infatuation for augmented reality(AR),has resulted in new wayfinding and hazard assessment tools that bridge this gap,allowing users to visualize geospatial information superimposed on the real *** this paper,we report research and development that has produced AR geovisual analytical systems,enabling visual analysis of human dynamics in multilevel built environments with complex thoroughfare network *** demonstrate prototypes that show how mixed reality visual analysis of intelligent human movement simulations built in virtual spaces can become part of real *** research introduces a fundamentally new way to view and link simulations of people with the real-world context of the built environment:mixed reality crowd simulation in real space.

关键词： Augmented reality 3D geovisualization situated simulation human movement analysis emergency management

Compositional Synthesis of Discrete Event Systems Using Synthesis Abstraction

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Compositional Synthesis of Discrete Event Systems Using Synt...