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Should we resect colorectal cancer in patients over the age of 85?

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2021年第3期13卷 185-196页

作者： David E Flynn Derek Mao Stephanie Yerkovich Robert Franz Harish Iswariah Andrew Hughes ian shaw Diana Tam Manju Chandrasegaram Department of General Surgery The Prince Charles HospitalChermside 4032QueenslandAustralia Department of General Surgery The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia The Common Good Foundation The Prince Charles HospitalBrisbane 4032QueenslandAustralia

BACKGROUND The prevalence of colorectal cancer in the elderly is rising,with increasing numbers of older patients undergoing ***,there is a paucity of information on the surgical outcomes and operative techniques used in this *** To evaluate the post-operative outcomes for patients≥85 years old following colorectal cancer resection as well as evaluating the outcomes of laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer in patients over *** Patients who underwent colorectal cancer resection at our institution between January 2010 and December 2018 were *** study was divided into two *** part one,patients were divided into two groups based on age:Those age≥85 years old(n=48)and those aged 75-84 years old(n=136).Short term surgical outcomes and clinicopathological features were compared using appropriate parametric and non-parametric *** part two,patient’s over 85 years old were divided into two groups based upon operative technique:Laparoscopic(n=37)vs open(n=11)colorectal ***-term postoperative outcomes of each approach were *** The median length of stay between patients over 85 and those aged 75-85 was eight days,with no statistically significant difference between the groups(P=0.29).No significant difference was identified between the older and younger groups with regards to severity of complications(P=0.93),American Society of Anaesthesiologists grading(P=0.43)or 30-d mortality(2%vs 2%,P=0.96).Patients over 85 who underwent laparoscopic colorectal resection were compared to those who underwent an open *** median length of stay between the groups was similar(8 vs 9 d respectively)with no significant difference in length of stay(P=0.18).There was no significant difference in 30-d mortality rates(0%vs 9%,P=0.063)or severity of complication grades(P=0.46)between the laparoscopic and open surgical *** No significant short term surgical differences were identified in patients≥

关键词： Aged Colorectal neoplasms General surgery Open abdomen techniques Laparoscopy Colorectal surgery

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Neurocircuit regeneration by extracellular matrix reprogramming

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第8期20卷 2300-2301页

作者： Shengzhang Su ian N.Levasseur Kimberly M.Alonge Department of Medicinal Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Chemistry University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Medicine University of Washington Medicine Diabetes InstituteSeattleWAUSA

The brain's extracellular matrix(ECM),which is comprised of protein and glycosaminoglycan(GAG)scaffolds,constitutes 20%-40% of the human brain and is considered one of the largest influencers on brain cell functioning(Soles et al.,2023).Synthesized by neural and glial cells,the brain's ECM regulates a myriad of homeostatic cellular processes,including neuronal plasticity and firing(Miyata et al.,2012),cation buffering(Moraws ki et al.,2015),and glia-neuron interactions(Anderson et al.,2016).Considering the diversity of functions,dynamic remodeling of the brain's ECM indicates that this understudied medium is an active participant in both normal physiology and neurological diseases.

关键词： matrix programming

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CONCISE REPRESENTATIONS FOR ASSOCIATION RULES IN MULTI-LEVEL DATASETS

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2009年第1期18卷 53-70页

作者： Gavin shaw School of Inforrnation Technology Queensland University of TechnologyBrisbane4001Australia

Association rule mining plays an important role in knowledge and information discovery. Often for a dataset, a huge number of rules can be extracted, but many of them are redundant, especially in the case of multi-level datasets. Mining non-redundant rules is a promising approach to solve this problem. However, existing work （Pasquier et al. 2005, Xu ＆ Li 2007） is only focused on single level datasets. In this paper, we firstly present a definition for redundancy and a concise representation called Reliable basis for representing non-redundant association rules, then we propose an extension to the previous work that can remove hierarchically redundant rules from multi-level datasets. We also show that the resulting concise representation of non-redundant association rules is lossless since all association rules can be derived from the representation. Experiments show that our extension can effectively generate multilevel non-redundant rules.

关键词： Association rule mining redundant association rules closed itemsets multi-level datasets

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Thirty Years of Science,Technology,and Academia in Disaster Risk Reduction and Emerging Responsibilities

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2020年第4期11卷 414-425页

作者： Rajib shaw Graduate School of Media and Governance Keio UniversityFujisawa 252-0882Japan

The 1990 initiation of the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction marked its 30th year in *** three decades since then have seen significant developments in science and technology and their incorporation into the decision making in the field of disaster risk *** disasters that have occurred during that time have enhanced the importance of the field,and new research and innovations have *** article summarizes this evolution through the review of specific *** the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–2030 provides opportunities for synergies with the sustainable development agenda,the science and technology communities have also changed their roles from advisory to co-designing and co-delivering *** education plays an important role in developing new generations of professionals,and the role of thematic incubation in higher education institutions is highlighted along with the development of the professional society in disaster risk *** evolution from Society 4.0(information age)to Society 5.0 will see an enhanced role of the technology-driven approach in disaster risk reduction,while traditional knowledge and indigenous technologies still remain valid for *** and science communities need to be more sensitive to changing the“last mile”concept to“first mile”thinking with respect to the users’needs and perspectives.

关键词： Co-design solutions in disaster risk reduction Professional society Science and technology in disaster risk reduction Society 5.0

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REACH compliant epoxides used in the synthesis of Fe(Ⅲ)-based aerogel monoliths for target fabrication

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2017年第4期5卷 8-13页

作者： Alberto Vails Arrufat Magdalena Budziszewska Clement Lopez Aymeric Nguyen Jakub Sitek Paul Jones Chris shaw ian Hayes Gareth Cairns Glenn Leighton Surface Engineering and Nanotechnology Institute School of AerospaceTransport and ManufacturingCranfield UniversityMiltonKeynesBedfordshireMK43 OALUK Target Fabrication Group AWEAldermastonReadingBerkshireRG7 4PRUK

Aerogel materials manufactured from metal oxides have been used as components in numerous high-energy density physics targets. These aerogels have been identified to be used as a future target material in the AWE fielded campaigns at the US National Ignition Facility. A wide variety of metal oxide aerogels are required for future campaigns and therefore a versatile manufacturing route is sought; as such, an epoxide-assisted sol–gel route was investigated. Under the European Union Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals legislation, the most commonly used epoxide, propylene oxide, is recognized as a substance of very high concern(SVHC). This work sought to investigate suitable alternative epoxides for use in target manufacture. The outcome was the identification of synthesis routes for stable metal oxide aerogel monoliths using epoxides not subject to the above restrictions.

关键词： aerogel epoxide metal oxide sol–gel SVHC

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Modeling of taxi drivers’ experience for routing applications

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2010年第S1期53卷 44-51页

作者： shaw ShihLung Department of Geography University of Tennessee

Taxi drivers drive on the roads every day and become very knowledgeable of the spatiotemporal traffic patterns in a *** therefore is reasonable to assume that the routes chosen by taxi drivers often work out better than those selected by other *** dynamic navigation assistance based on real-time traffic information faces limitations such as the spatial coverage of real-time data collection sites,performance of real-time data processing and communications,and accuracy of short-term traffic forecasts in a large urban area,experiences gained by taxi drivers can be a valuable data source for improving the quality of vehicle navigation *** paper develops a vehicle navigation guidance system based on taxis drivers’ knowledge derived from floating car data collected over an extended time *** then classify road segments based on the spatiotemporal characteristics of taxi tracking data.A case study using taxi tracking data collected in Wuhan,China is presented in this paper to demonstrate the performance of this vehicle navigation system based on taxi tracking data.

关键词： floating car data vehicle navigation system route guidance geographic information systems

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Catalytic activity correlation of Ni(Ⅱ),Co(Ⅱ) and Pd(Ⅱ) complexes to metal atom net charge

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Science China Chemistry 2009年第1期52卷 48-55页

作者： HSU shaw Ling Department of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst

The metal atom net charge correlation(MANCC) method was developed in prediction of catalyst activity of asymmetric late-transition metal complexes,2-quinoxalinyl-6-iminopyridine Ni(Ⅱ),2-imino-1,10-phenanthroline Co(Ⅱ) and 2-methoxycarbonyl-6-iminopyridine Pd(Ⅱ) complexes,from the net charge of the metal atom for ethylene *** force field was modified according to the X-ray diffraction *** found that the asymmetric structure of the complexes resulted in a charge differ-ence between two halogen atoms coordinated to the metal *** order to remove such contribution we introduced the effective charge Qeff,which was obtained by the charge equilibration(QEq) *** results verified the successful introduction of Qeff and showed that the catalytic activities of different complexes are related to central metal atom effective charge.

关键词： asymmetric catalyst effective charge force field MANCC QEq

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Globus Toolkit Version 4： Software for Service-Oriented Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2006年第4期21卷 513-520页

作者： ian Foster Computation Institute Argonne National Laboratory & University of Chicago Argonne IL 60439 U.S.A.

The Globus Toolkit （GT） has been developed since the late 1990s to support the development of serviceoriented distributed computing applications and infrastructures. Core GT components address, within a common framework, fundamental issues relating to security, resource access, resource management, data movement, resource discovery, and so forth. These components enable a broader ＂Globus ecosystem＂ of tools and components that build on, or interoperate with, GT functionality to provide a wide range of useful application-level functions. These tools have in turn been used to develop a wide range of both ＂Grid＂ infrastructures and distributed applications. I summarize here the principal characteristics of the recent Web Services-based GT4 release, which provides significant improvements over previous releases in terms of robustness, performance,, usability, documentation, standards compliance, and functionality. I also introduce the new ＂***＂ community development process, which allows a larger community to contribute to the development of Globus software.

关键词： distributed systems distributed applications Internet applications middleware open source

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Shear-augmented solute dispersion during drug delivery for three-layer flow through microvessel under stress jump and momentum slip-Darcy model

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2021年第6期42卷 901-914页

作者： G.BASHAGA S.shaw Department of Mat hematics and Statistical Sciences Botswana International University of Science and TechnologyPrivate Bag 16PalapyeBotswana

Nanoparticle(drug particle) dispersion is an important phenomenon during nanodrug delivery in the bloodstream by using multifunctional carrier particles. The aim of this study is to understand the dispersion of drug particle(nanoparticle) transport during steady blood flow through a microvessel. A two-phase fluid model is considered to define blood flow through a microvessel. Plug and intermediate regions are defined by a non-Newtonian Herschel-Bulkley fluid model where the plug region appears due to the aggregation of red blood cells at the axis in the vessel. The peripheral(porous in nature)region is defined by the Newtonian fluids. The wall of the microvessel is considered to be permeable and characterized by the Darcy model. Stress-jump and velocity slip conditions are incorporated respectively at the interface of the intermediate and peripheral regions and at the inner surface of the microvessel. The effects of the rheological parameter, the pressure constant, the particle volume fraction, the stress jump constant, the slip constant,and the yield stress on the dispersion are analyzed and discussed. It is observed that the non-dimensional pressure gradient and the yield stress enhance the dispersion rate of the nanoparticle, while the opposite trends are observed for the velocity slip constant, the nanoparticle volume fraction, the rheological parameter, and the stress-jump constant.

关键词： shear-augmented dispersion drug delivery Darcy model Herschel-Bulkley fluid stress-jump and velocity slip

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Perceptive insight into incentive design and sustainability of participatory mangrove management: a case study from the Indian Sundarbans

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第4期28卷 815-829页

作者： Rajarshi DasGupta Rajib shaw International Environment & Disaster Management Research Group Graduate School of Global Environmental StudiesKyoto UniversityYoshida HonmachiSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan

Incentive design is among the decisive factors behind active community participation and long-term sustainability of participatory forest management. Especially in case of mangroves, where multiple interests apply, it requires a careful integration of several ecological, economic and institutional factors. The primary objective of this paper is to understand the basis of incentive design and make a comprehensive inquiry into the existing incentive mechanism of participatory mangrove management in Indian Sundarbans. The qualitative and in-depth assessment was derived against a conceptual framework that contains three main determinants: (1) resources availability, (2) control mechanism, and (3) perception of end-users. The study deploys the results of various participatory exercises such as structured interviews with forest officials, focus group discussions with 10 Joint Forest Management Committees and semi-structured interviews with 119 mangrove users. In general, we observed an over-cautious, hierarchical and safety-margin-based incentive design with distinct bifurcation of communities over the adequacy and effectiveness of derived benefits. Although, the incentives are diverse and align well with the overall conservation of mangroves, they are considered to be insufficient by nearly half of the mangrove users. The main issues that were observed to hinder effective community participation can be summarized as (1) serious restrictions on access to economically exploitable mangrove products, (2) passive involvement of vulnerable occupational groups, and (3) lack of trust and conflicting interests between the officials and the communities. Although the existing preventive management of mangroves can be justified considering the magnanimity of the Indian Sundarbans, it can severely impair community participation and emerge as a clear threat to future sustainability. To secure greater participation of the communities, we propose small scale, innovative developmental in

关键词： Mangrove conservation Community based mangrove management Joint forest management Community perception

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