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人类的演变

作者： (美)伊恩·莫里斯(ian morris)

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西方将主宰多久

Pathological Changes to the Subcortical Visual System and its Relationship to Visual Hallucinations in Dementia with Lewy Bodies

作者： (美)伊恩·莫里斯(ian morris)

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第2期35卷 295-300页

作者： Daniel Erskine John-Paul Taylor Alan Thomas Daniel Collerton ian McKeith Ahmad Khundakar Johannes Attems Christopher morris Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle University Northumberland Tyne and Wear NHS Trust School of Science Engineering and Design Teesside University

Introduction Recurrent complex visual hallucinations are a core clinical feature of dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB)and are typically well-formed,often consisting of figures,such as people or animals(1)Despite the profound impact upon patients and caregivers in DLB,the aetiopathology of visual hallucinations remains largely *** this article we discuss the anatomy of the human visual system,hypotheses of the genesis of visual hallucinations in DLB,and imaging and neuropathological studies that have attempted to understand visual hallucinations on a functional and anatomical basis.

关键词： Pathological Visual System Lewy Bodies

Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

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World Journal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 26-34页

作者： Emma M Coghill Timothy Johnson Russell E morris ian L Megson Stephen J Leslie Free Radical Research Facility Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom Johnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral ***,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can *** most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural *** incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment *** antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm ***,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be *** review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting.

关键词： Radial artery Cannulation Spasm Nitric oxide Vasodilation Nanoporous material

Opioid growth factor and the treatment of human pancreatic cancer:A review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第9期20卷 2218-2223页

作者： ian S Zagon Patricia J McLaughlin Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine Hershey PA 17033 United States

Opioid growth factor (OGF), chemically termed [Met5]-enkephalin, and its receptor, OGF receptor (OGFr), form a biological axis that tonically regulates cell proliferation by delaying the G1/S interface of the cell cycle under homeostatic conditions or in neoplasia. Modulation of the OGF-OGFr pathway mediates the course of pancreatic cancer, with exogenous OGF or upregulation of OGFr repressing growth of human pancreatic cancer cells in culture and in nude mice. OGF therapy alone or in combination with standard chemotherapies such as gemcitabine and 5-fluorouracil results in enhanced inhibition of DNA synthesis and tumor growth. Molecular manipulation of OGFr confirms that the receptor is specific for OGF’s inhibitory action. Preclinical studies have warranted Phase I and Phase II clinical trials using OGF infusions as a treatment for patients with advanced, unresectable pancreatic cancers. OGF, an endogenous neuropeptide, is a safe, non-toxic, and effective biotherapy that utilizes the OGF-OGFr axis to mediate pancreatic tumor progression.

关键词： Enkephalins DNA synthesis Pancreatic adenocarcinoma Opioids Nude mice Receptor transfection

Radiofrequency ablation for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia:Outcomes form United Kingdom registry

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第36期19卷 6011-6019页

作者： Rehan J Haidry Mohammed A Butt Jason Dunn Matthew Banks Abhinav Gupta Howard Smart Pradeep Bhandari Lesley Ann Smith Robert Willert Grant Fullarton morris John Massimo Di Pietro ian Penman Marco Novelli Laurence B Lovat Department of Surgery and Interventional Science National Medical Laser Centre UCL Department Gastroenterology University College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Department Gastroenterology Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospitals NHS Trust Institute for Medical Informatics Oslo University Hospital Department Gastroenterology Royal Liverpool University Hospital Merseyside Department Gastroenterology Princess Alexandra Hospital Cosham Department Gastroenterology Bradford Royal Infirmary Bradford Department Gastroenterology Central Manchester University Hospital Department Gastroenterology Glasgow Royal Infirmary Department Gastroenterology Addenbrooke’s Hospital Royal Infirmary Edinburgh

AIM:To report outcomes on patients undergoing radiofrequency ablation(RFA)for early oesophageal squamous neoplasia from a National ***:A Prospective cohort study from 8 tertiary referral centres in the United *** with squamous high grade dysplasia(HGD)and early squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)confined to the mucosa were *** lesions were removed by endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR)before *** initial RFA treatment,patients were followed up *** flat dysplasia was treated with RFA until complete reversal dysplasia(CR-D)was achieved or progression to invasive Squamous cell cancer defined as infiltration into the submucosa layer or *** main outcome measures were CR-D at 12 mo from start of treatment,long term durability,progression to cancer and adverse ***:Twenty patients with squamous HGD/ESCC completed treatment *** patients(25%)had EMR before starting RFA ***-D was 50%at12 mo with a median of 1 RFA treatment,mean 1.5(range 1-3).Two further patients achieved CR-D with repeat RFA after this *** per cent with CR-D remain dysplasia free at latest biopsy,with median follow up 24 mo(IQR 17-54).Six of 20 patients(30%)progressed to invasive cancer at 1 *** patients(20%)required endoscopic dilatations for symptomatic structuring after *** of these patients have required serial dilatations thereafter for symptomatic dysphagia with a median of 4 dilatations per *** other 2 patients required only a single dilatation to achieve an adequate symptomatic *** patient developed cancer during follow up after end of treatment ***:The role of RFA in these patients re-mains *** our series 50%patients responded at12 *** figures are lower than limited published data.

关键词： Squamous neoplasia Oesophageal cancer Endoscopic mucosal resection High-grade dysplasia Radiofrequency ablation

Applications of multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy at 7T

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World Journal of Radiology 2011年第4期3卷 105-113页

作者： Mary C Stephenson Frances Gunner Antonio Napolitano Paul L Greenhaff ian A MacDonald Nadeem Saeed William Vennart Susan T Francis Peter G morris The Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of Nottingham School of Biomedical Sciences University of Nottingham Medical School Academic Radiology University of Nottingham Molecular Medicine PfizerSandwich

AIM: To discuss the advantages of ultra-high field (7T) for 1H and 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of ***: Measurements of brain metabolites were made at both 3 and 7T using 1H MRS. Measurements of glycogen and lipids in muscle were measured using 13C and 1H MRS ***: In the brain, increased signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dispersion allows spectral separation of the amino-acids glutamate, glutamine and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), without the need for sophisticated editing sequences. Improved quantification of these metabolites is demonstrated at 7T relative to 3T. SNR was 36% higher, and measurement repeatability (% coefficients of variation) was 4%, 10% and 10% at 7T, vs 8%, 29% and 21% at 3T for glutamate, glutamine and GABA respectively. Measurements at 7T were used to compare metabolite levels in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula. Creatine and glutamate levels were found to be significantly higher in the insula compared to the ACC (P < 0.05). In muscle, the increased SNR and spectral resolution at 7T enables interleaved studies of glycogen (13C) and intra-myocellular lipid (IMCL) and extra-myocellular lipid (EMCL) (1H) following exercise and re-feeding. Glycogen levels were significantly decreased following exercise (-28% at 50% VO2 max; -58% at 75% VO2 max). Interestingly, levels of glycogen in the hamstrings followed those in the quadriceps, despite reduce exercise loading. No changes in IMCL and EMCL were found in the ***: The demonstrated improvements in brain and muscle MRS measurements at 7T will increase the potential for use in investigating human metabolism and changes due to pathologies.

关键词： Magnetic resonance spectroscopy 13C 1H 7 Tesla Glutamate Glutamine γ-aminobutyric acid

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低度危险的甲状腺乳头状癌

英国医学杂志中文版 2014年第6期17卷 369-380页

作者： Juan P Brito ian D Hay John C morris 刘畅谢学海杨尹默 Division of Endocrinology Diabetes Metabolism and Nutrition Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 55905 USA 北京大学第一医院外科

甲状腺癌是发病率增长最快的疾病之一。每年新发的甲状腺癌病例超过白血病、肝癌、胰腺癌以及胃癌的总和。其中，原发的局灶性微小乳头状癌占新发病例的绝大多数。原发的局灶性微小乳头状癌患者的20年生存率为99％。这类肿瘤由于预后极... 详细信息

甲状腺癌是发病率增长最快的疾病之一。每年新发的甲状腺癌病例超过白血病、肝癌、胰腺癌以及胃癌的总和。其中，原发的局灶性微小乳头状癌占新发病例的绝大多数。原发的局灶性微小乳头状癌患者的20年生存率为99％。这类肿瘤由于预后极其良好，被认为低度危险。低危甲状腺癌的发病率不断增加，很大程度上是由于影像学技术方法的进步，使得大量亚临床病例被诊断。尽管此类低危的亚临床肿瘤预后良好，但在临床实践中常被积极治疗。虽然传统观点仍认为手术是治疗甲状腺肿瘤的基本方法，但对于手术切除的范围是行甲状腺一叶切除还是次全切除，以及是否应该行预防性颈部中央区淋巴结清扫尚存在争议。放射性碘同位素治疗和促甲状腺素抑制治疗等手段也被用于这类肿瘤，这些治疗方法对于恶性程度高的甲状腺癌是有效的，然而对于低度危险肿瘤并未证明获益。这篇综述从循证医学角度阐述了低危甲状腺肿瘤的治疗方法。同时本文也着眼于讨论替代手术治疗的方法，如非手术局部微创治疗（乙醇消融和激光消融），和主动监测，为低危甲状腺乳头状癌提供个体化治疗方案。

关键词：甲状腺癌乳头风险

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2015年全球生活用纸行业回顾

生活用纸 2016年第4期16卷 40-43页

作者： Helen morris

2015年已过，《世界卫生纸》杂志（以下简称TWM）邀请全球生活用纸行业的主要负责人回顾他们这一年的变化，并展望2016年。这六位负责人分别是：Sumit Khanna：印度Beeta设备公司生活用纸业务部主管；David Mackinson：欧睿国际公司（... 详细信息

2015年已过，《世界卫生纸》杂志（以下简称TWM）邀请全球生活用纸行业的主要负责人回顾他们这一年的变化，并展望2016年。这六位负责人分别是：Sumit Khanna：印度Beeta设备公司生活用纸业务部主管；David Mackinson：欧睿国际公司（南美）高级研究分析员；ian Padley：BTG集团生活用纸产品业务经理；Thierry Trudel：Cascades生活用纸集团营销与公关副总裁。

关键词：生活用纸行业主要负责人卫生纸纸产品业务