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Pulsed export of carbon in the north-western Mediterranean Sea

Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2023年第1期41卷 189-202页

作者： Michel DENIS Dominique LEFEVRE Melilotus THYSSEN ian RJENKINSON Gérald GRÉGORI Aix Marseille Université Universitéde ToulonCNRS/INSUIRDInstitut Méditerranéen d'Océanologie(MIO)Marseille cedex09 13288France Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Agency for Consultation and Research in Oceanography Lavergne19320 La Roche CanillacFrance

The short term(hourly scale)variability of heterotrophic prokaryote(HP)vertical distribution and respiratory activity,was investigated in the north-western(NW)Mediterranean *** vertical distribution was determined on board by flow cytometry analysis of seawater samples collected by series of CTD *** counts and viability were determined for all *** respiratory rates were determined later in the laboratory from filtered seawater samples(23 dm^(3))from 300-1150-m *** average cell viability was 94.8%±2.2%(n=240).There was no accumulation of dead cells,due to quick decay of damaged *** the epipelagic layer,three HP groups were distinguished,two(HNA1,HNA2)who se cells exhibited a high nucleic acid content and one(LNA)with low nucleic acid content ***2 was most populated at 50 m but not detected at 90 m and below,presumably aerobic anoxygenic photoheterotrophic bacteria(AAPs).The variability in HP abundance was mainly confined in the upper 80 m.A few secondary peaks of HP abundance were observed(80-150 m)in connection with abundance troughs in the surface *** cells were continuously present in a wide layer around 500 m(mean 191×10^(3)cells/cm^(3)).Below this layer,HP abundance randomly exhibited peaks,coupled to respiratory rate *** HP abundance and variability in the water column was suppressed during a strong wind *** observed sporadic variability was tentatively interpreted through a pulsed carbon-export mechanism induced by the microorganism production of dissolved poly saccharide s,followed by flocculation and rapid *** mechanism would thus contribute to(ⅰ)preventing organic matter accumulation in the epipelagic layer,(ⅱ)seeding the water column with live HP cells,and(ⅲ)supplying the aphotic water column with fre sh and labile organic *** important vertical flux mechanism needs further observations and modelling.

关键词： north-western Mediterranean Sea heterotrophic prokaryote(HP) cell viability cell respiration transparent exopolymeric particle(TEP) aggregation flow cytometry

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Deep learning based classification of sheep behaviour from accelerometer data with imbalance

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第3期10卷 377-390页

作者： Kirk E.Turner Andrew Thompson ian Harris Mark Ferguson Ferdous Sohel Discipline of Information Technology Murdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia Centre for Crop and Food Innovation Food Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia College of Science HealthEngineering and EducationMurdoch UniversityMurdochWA 6150Australia neXtgen Agri Saint MartinsChristchurch 8022New Zealand

Classification of sheep behaviour from a sequence of tri-axial accelerometer data has the potential to enhance sheep *** behaviour is inherently imbalanced(e.g.,more ruminating than walking)resulting in underperforming classification for the minority activities which hold *** works have not addressed class imbalance and use traditional machine learning techniques,e.g.,Random Forest(RF).We investigated Deep Learning(DL)models,namely,Long Short Term Memory(LSTM)and Bidirectional LSTM(BLSTM),appropriate for sequential data,from imbalanced *** data sets were collected in normal grazing conditions using jaw-mounted and earmounted *** to this study,alongside typical single classes,e.g.,walking,depending on the behaviours,data samples were labelled with compound classes,e.g.,walking_-*** number of steps a sheep performed in the observed 10 s time window was also recorded and incorporated in the *** designed several multi-class classification studies with imbalance being addressed using synthetic *** models achieved superior performance to traditional ML models,especially with augmented data(e.g.,4-Class+Steps:LSTM 88.0%,RF 82.5%).DL methods showed superior generalisability on unseen sheep(i.e.,F1-score:BLSTM 0.84,LSTM 0.83,RF 0.65).LSTM,BLSTM and RF achieved sub-millisecond average inference time,making them suitable for real-time *** results demonstrate the effectiveness of DL models for sheep behaviour classification in grazing *** results also demonstrate the DL techniques can generalise across different *** study presents a strong foundation of the development of such models for real-time animal monitoring.

关键词： Sheep behaviour classification Data synthesis Class imbalance Grazing sheep

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Performance of two complementary machine-learned potentials in modelling chemically complex systems

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npj Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 1008-1022页

作者： Konstantin Gubaev Viktor Zaverkin Prashanth Srinivasan Andrew ian Duff Johannes Kästner Blazej Grabowski Institute for Materials Science University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Institute for Theoretical Chemistry University of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569 StuttgartGermany Scientific Computing Department STFC Daresbury LaboratoryWarrington WA44ADUK Present address:NEC Laboratories Europe GmbH Kurfürsten-Anlage 3669115 HeidelbergGermany

Chemically complex multicomponent alloys possess exceptional properties derived from an inexhaustible compositional *** complexity however makes interatomic potential development *** explore two complementary machine-learned potentials—the moment tensor potential(MTP)and the Gaussian moment neural network(GM-NN)—in simultaneously describing configurational and vibrational degrees of freedom in the Ta-V-Cr-W alloy *** models are equally accurate with excellent performance evaluated against *** achieve root-mean-square-errors(RMSEs)in energies of less than a few meV/atom across 0 K ordered and high-temperature disordered configurations included in the *** for compositions not in training,relative energy RMSEs at high temperatures are within a few meV/***-temperature molecular dynamics forces have similarly small RMSEs of about 0.15 eV/Åfor the disordered quaternary included in,and ternaries not part of *** achieve faster convergence with training size;GM-NNs are faster in *** learning is partially beneficial and should be complemented with conventional human-based training set generation.

关键词： alloy faster complex

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Robust Fingerprint Construction Based on Multiple Path Loss Model (M-PLM) for Indoor Localization

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 1801-1818页

作者： Yun Fen Yong Chee Keong Tan ian Kim Teck Tan Su Wei Tan School of Information Technology Monash University MalaysiaSubang JayaSelangorMalaysia School of Mathematical and Computer Sciences Heriot-Watt University MalaysiaWilayah Persekutuan PutrajayaMalaysia

A robust radio map is essential in implementing a fingerprint-based indoor positioning system(IPS).However,the offline site survey to manually construct the radio map is time-consuming and *** interpolation techniques have been proposed to infer the virtual fingerprints to reduce the time and effort required for offline site *** paper presents a novel fingerprint interpolator using a multi-path loss model(MPLM)to create the virtual fingerprints from the collected sample data based on different signal paths from different access points(APs).Based on the historical signal data,the poor signal paths are identified using their standard *** proposed method reduces the positioning errors by smoothing out the wireless signal fluctuations and stabilizing the signals for those poor signal *** consideringmultipath signal propagations from different APs,the inherent noise from these signal paths can be ***,locations of the signal data with standard deviations higher than the threshold are *** new fingerprints are then generated at these locations based on the proposed M-PLM interpolation function to replace the old *** proposed technique interpolates virtual fingerprints based on good signal paths with more stable signals to improve the positioning *** results show that the proposed scheme enhances the positioning accuracy by up to 44%compared to the conventional interpolation techniques such as the Inverse DistanceWeighting,Kriging,and single Path *** a result,we can overcome the site survey problems for IPS by building an accurate radio map with more reliable signals to improve indoor positioning performance.

关键词： Path loss model radio map indoor positioning system interpolation fingerprinting

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Sustainable curcumin-based smart tough fluorescent hydrogels for anti-counterfeiting applications

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Green Chemical Engineering 2023年第4期4卷 379-386页

作者： Xiubin Xu Chuanghong Xiao Yanting Chen Danfeng Yu Yu Lu ian Wyman Xu Wu School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Department of Chemistry Queen's UniversityKingstonOntarioK7L 3N6Canada

There is currently great interest in developing an environment-friendly,low-cost,and scalable approach for producing stimuli-responsive fluorescent hydrogels(FHs)with excellent mechanical property,rewritable fluorescence,and dual anti-counterfeiting ***,by applying natural,environment-friendly,and sustainable curcumin as a responsive agent,tough pH-responsive FHs(pH-FHs)are fabricated via a facile preparation *** materials have outstanding mechanical performances:ultimate stress of 180 kPa,an ultimate strain of~2500%,and good anti-fatigue performances against *** pH-FHs are able to sense ammonia and formaldehyde gas,resulting in both a color change and fluorescence for dual anti-counterfeiting *** sensing information is stored individually by the pH-FHs and could be externally removed using formaldehyde gas to achieve a rewritable *** study provides valuable insights that are expected to facilitate the development of smart FHs for information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications.

关键词： Curcumin Fluorescence hydrogels Anti-counterfeiting Information storage Rewritable fluorescence

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Abiotic predictors of fine sediment accumulation in lowland rivers

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2022年第1期37卷 128-137页

作者： Morwenn McKenzie Judy England ian D.L.Foster Martin A.Wilkes Geography and Environment Loughborough University Centre for Agroecology Water & Resilience Coventry University Research Environment Agency Howbery Park Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of Northampton Learning Hub University Drive Geography Department Rhodes University

The delivery of excessive fine sediment (particles<2 mm in diameter) to rivers can cause serious deleterious effects to aquatic ecosystems and is widely acknowledged to be one of the leading contributors to the degradation of rivers *** advances in using biological methods as a proxy,physical measures remain an important method through which fine sediment can be *** aim of this study was to provide further insights into the environmental variables controlling sediment accumulation in lowland gravel bed *** sampled 21 sites,during spring and autumn,selected to cover a gradient of excess fine *** sediment was sampled using a range of methods including visual assessments,the disturbance method,and suspended sediment concentrations.A range of abiotic predictors was measured during sampling,and hydrological and antecedent flow indices were derived from local flow gauging station *** results show reach scale visual estimates of fine sediment to be significantly and highly correlated with fully quantitative estimates of total surface *** regression analysis showed that flow variables (regime,antecedent,and local flow characteristics)were strong predictors of deposited sediment metrics but poor predictors of suspended *** content was shown to be relatively independent of total sediment quantity and is likely driven by other factors which influence the supply and breakdown of organic matter.

关键词： Deposited sediment Suspended sediment Visual assessments Disturbance Sediment sampling

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Propagation of tau and α-synuclein in the brain: therapeutic potential of the glymphatic system

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2022年第1期11卷 667-689页

作者： Douglas M.Lopes Sophie K.Llewellyn ian F.Harrison Division of Medicine Department of ImagingCentre for Advanced Biomedical ImagingFaculty of Medical SciencesUniversity College LondonPaul O’Gorman Building72 Huntley StreetLondon WC1E 6DDUK

Many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, are characterised by the accumulation of misfolded protein deposits in the brain, leading to a progressive destabilisation of the neuronal network and neuronal death. Among the proteins that can abnormally accumulate are tau and α-synuclein, which can propagate in a prion-like manner and which upon aggregation, represent the most common intracellular proteinaceous lesions associated with neurodegeneration. For years it was thought that these intracellular proteins and their accumulation had no immediate relationship with extracellular homeostasis pathways such as the glymphatic clearance system;however, mounting evidence has now suggested that this is not the case. The involvement of the glymphatic system in neurodegenerative disease is yet to be fully defined;however, it is becoming increasingly clear that this pathway contributes to parenchymal solute clearance. Importantly, recent data show that proteins prone to intracellular accumulation are subject to glymphatic clearance, suggesting that this system plays a key role in many neurological disorders. In this review, we provide a background on the biology of tau and α-synuclein and discuss the latest findings on the cell-to-cell propagation mechanisms of these proteins. Importantly, we discuss recent data demonstrating that manipulation of the glymphatic system may have the potential to alleviate and reduce pathogenic accumulation of propagation-prone intracellular cytotoxic proteins. Furthermore, we will allude to the latest potential therapeutic opportunities targeting the glymphatic system that might have an impact as disease modifiers in neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： Glymphatic Propagation Tauopathy Synucleinopathy Clearance Aquaporin-4

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Wellens綜合症心電圖表現合併完全性房室傳導阻滯的急性冠脈綜合症1例

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镜湖医学 2024年第1期24卷 66-67页

作者：柯于梵劉書雷馬曉茵澳門鏡湖醫院内科中国

Wellens綜合症的心電圖表現常提示左前降支近段狹窄,罪犯血管病變為左回旋支的較為少見。1例Wellens綜合症心電圖合併完全性房室傳導阻滯的急性冠脈綜合症(Acute Coronary Syndrome,ACS)的患者,緊急冠脈造影提示左回旋支次全閉塞,介入... 详细信息

Wellens綜合症的心電圖表現常提示左前降支近段狹窄,罪犯血管病變為左回旋支的較為少見。1例Wellens綜合症心電圖合併完全性房室傳導阻滯的急性冠脈綜合症(Acute Coronary Syndrome,ACS)的患者,緊急冠脈造影提示左回旋支次全閉塞,介入治療預後良好,現報導如下。

关键词：左回旋支罪犯血管完全性房室

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Global Wheat Head Detection Challenges:Winning Models and Application for Head Counting

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 460-473页

作者： Etienne David Franklin Ogidi Daniel Smith Scott Chapman Benoit de Solan Wei Guo Frederic Baret ian Stavness UMR 1114 EMMAH INRAEAvignonFrance Arvalis–Institut du Végétal ParisFrance Department of Computer Science University of SaskatchewanSaskatoonCanada School of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoTokyoJapan

Data competitions have become a popular approach to crowdsource new data analysis methods for general and specialized data science *** competitions have a rich history in plant phenotyping,and new outdoor field datasets have the potential to embrace solutions across research and commercial *** developed the Global Wheat Challenge as a generalization competition in 2020 and 2021 to find more robust solutions for wheat head detection using field images from different *** analyze the winning challenge solutions in terms of their robustness when applied to new *** found that the design of the competition had an influence on the selection of winning solutions and provide recommendations for future competitions to encourage the selection of more robust solutions.

关键词： Wheat specialized competition

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滨海湿地中多溴联苯醚的污染特征及生态风险评价研究进展

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水生态学杂志 2024年第2期45卷 159-165页

作者：张卉莲吴桐查家宝黄海鹏杨芯月韩蕊吴英海大连海洋大学海洋与土木工程学院辽宁大连116023 设施渔业教育部重点实验室大连海洋大学辽宁大连116023

系统梳理了多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)在滨海湿地中的种类和浓度、沉积物中的分布特征、与沉积物理化因子的关系、生态风险评价等方面的研究进展,分析了滨海湿地沉积物和生物体内PBDEs的种类和浓度,总结了PBDEs在滨海湿地中的水平分布与垂向分... 详细信息

系统梳理了多溴联苯醚(PBDEs)在滨海湿地中的种类和浓度、沉积物中的分布特征、与沉积物理化因子的关系、生态风险评价等方面的研究进展,分析了滨海湿地沉积物和生物体内PBDEs的种类和浓度,总结了PBDEs在滨海湿地中的水平分布与垂向分布规律,阐述了滨海湿地沉积物理化因子对其分布影响,归纳了滨海湿地中PBDEs的生态风险评价方法。后期研究需进一步厘清滨海湿地沉积物和生物体内的PBDEs同系物及富集浓度等问题,加强滨海城市排污口附近区域的PBDEs归趋研究,解析滨海湿地沉积物理化因子(如铁、硫、氮等元素)与PBDEs的关系,探究PBDEs生态风险阈值与评价方法,为滨海湿地污染控制与评价提供技术支撑。

关键词：多溴联苯醚滨海湿地沉积物污染特征生态风险

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