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Establishing proof of concept:Platelet-rich plasma and bone marrow aspirate concentrate may improve cartilage repair following surgical treatment for osteochondral lesions of the talus

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2012年第7期3卷 101-108页

作者： Niall A Smyth Christopher D murawski Amgad m Haleem Charles P Hannon ian Savage-Elliott John G Kennedy Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States

Osteochondral lesions of the talus are common injuries in the athletic patient. They present a challenging clinical problem as cartilage has a poor potential for healing. Current surgical treatments consist of reparative(microfracture) or replacement(autologous osteochondral graft) strategies and demonstrate good clinical outcomes at the short and medium term follow-up. Radiological findings and second-look arthroscopy however, indicate possible poor cartilage repair with evidence of fibrous infill and fissuring of the regenerative tissue following microfracture. Longer-term follow-up echoes these findings as it demonstrates a decline in clinical outcome. The nature of the cartilage repair that occurs for an osteochondral graft to become integrated with the native surround tissue is also of concern. Studies have shown evidence of poor cartilage integration,with chondrocyte death at the periphery of the graft, possibly causing cyst formation due to synovial fluid ingress. Biological adjuncts, in the form of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) and bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BmAC), have been investigated with regard to their potential in improving cartilage repair in both in vitro and in vitro settings. The in vitro literature indicates that these biological adjuncts may increase chondrocyte proliferation as well as synthetic capability, while limiting the catabolic effects of an inflammatory joint environment. These findings have been extrapolated to in vitro animal models, with results showing that both PRP and BmAC improve cartilage repair. The basic science literature therefore establishes the proof of concept that biological adjuncts may improve cartilage repair when used in conjunction with reparative and replacement treatment strategies for osteochondral lesions of the talus.

关键词： Osteochondral lesion Cartilage repair Platelet-rich plasma Bone marrow aspirate concentrate

An update on the use of stem cell therapy for erectile dysfunction

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第4期11卷 530-544页

作者： mohamad Abou Chakra Hugo Bailly Fabian Klampke Johann Boaz mouatasem Jida Ahmad Abou Yassine ian m.mcElree mohamad moussa Department of Urology Lebanese UniversityBeirutLebanon Department of Urology Vivantes KlinikumBerlinGermany Department of Urology Royal Liverpool University HospitalLiverpoolUK Lorenz Clinic KaiserslauternGermany Department of Internal medicine Staten Island University HospitalStaten IslandNYUSA Carver College of medicine University of IowaIowa CityIAUSA

ObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to analyze animal and human trial data to better understand the efficacy of stem cell therapy (SCT) for erectile dysfunction (ED) and the obstacles that may hinder its application in this *** searched electronic databases, including Pubmed and Scopus, for published studies with the medical Subject Heading terms of “erectile dysfunction” (AND) “stem cell therapy” (OR) “erectile dysfunction” (AND) “clinical trial of stem cell therapy” (OR) “stem cell therapy” (AND) “sexual dysfunction”. The search was limited to English-language journals and full papers only. The initial search resulted in 450 articles, of which 90 relevant to our aims were included in the *** is a multifactorial disease. Current treatment options rely on pharmacotherapy as well as surgical options. Patients may have side effects or unsatisfactory results following the use of these treatment options. SCT may restore pathophysiological changes leading to ED rather than treating the symptoms. It has been evaluated in animal models and shown promising results in humans. Results confirm that SCT does improve erectile function in animals with different types of SC use. In humans, evidence showed promising results, but the trials were heterogeneous and limited mainly by a lack of randomization and the small sample size. many challenges could limit future research in this field, including ethical dilemmas, regulation, patient recruitment, the cost of therapy, and the lack of a standardized SCT regimen. Repairing and possibly replacing diseased cells, tissue, or organs and eventually retrieving normal function should always be the goals of any therapy, and this can only be guaranteed by *** is a potential and successful treatment for ED, particularly in patients who are resistant to the classic therapy. SCT may promote nerve regeneration and vascular cell regeneration, not only symptomatic treatment.

关键词： Erectile dysfunction Stem cell therapy Regenerative medicine Andrology

NADPH oxidase 2 does not contribute to early reperfusion-associated reactive oxygen species generation following transient focal cerebral ischemia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第11期11卷 1773-1778页

作者： Yuan Zhang Ting Wang Ke Yang Ji Xu Jian-ming Wu Wen-ian Liu Central Laboratory Shenzhen Second People's HospitalFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery Shenzhen Second Peoples HospitalFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University Department of Pathophysiology Baotou Medical College Graduate School of Guangzhou medical University Department of Neurosurgery Shenzhen Second People's HospitalFirst Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University

Excess production of reactive oxygen species （ROS） critically contributes to occurrence of reperfusion injury, the paradoxical response of ischemic brain tissue to restoration of cerebral blood flow. However, the enzymatic sources of ROS generation remain to be unclear. This study examined Nox2-ontaining NADPH oxidase （Nox2） expression and its activity in ischemic brain tissue following post-ischemic reperfusion to clarify the mechanism of enzymatic reaction of ROS. male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 90-minute middle cerebral artery occlusion, followed by 3 or 22.5 hours of reperfusion. Quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR and western blot assay were performed to measure mRNA and protein expression of Nox2. Lucigenin fluorescence assays were performed to assess Nox activity. Our data showed that Nox2 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly increased （3.7-fold for mRNA and 3.6-fold for protein） in ischemic brain tissue at 22.5 hours but not at 3 hours following post-ischemic reperfusion. Similar results were obtained for the changes of NADPH oxidase activity in ischemic cerebral tissue at the two reperfusion time points. Our results suggest that Nox2 may not contribute to the early burst of reperfusion-related ROS generation, but is rather an important source of ROS generation during prolonged reperfusion.

关键词： nerve regeneration NADPH oxidase cerebral ischemia Nox family reactive oxygen species reperfusion central nervous system stroke blood flow neural regeneration

Quantitative determination of vitexin in Passiflora foetida Linn. leaves using HPTLC

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第3期6卷 216-220页

作者： Aussavashai Shuayprom Donruedee Sanguansermsri Phanchana Sanguansermsri ian Hamilton Fraser Nalin Wongkattiya Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University Department of microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University Centre of Excellence in medical Biotechnology Faculty of Medical Science Naresuan University School of Chemistry Monash University Program in Biotechnology Faculty of Science Maejo University

Objective: To establish a simple, rapid, precise and accurate high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC) method with densitometric detection for the determination of vitexin in Passiflora foetida Linn.(P. foetida).methods: Ethanolic extract of the plant leaf powder was used for the experimental *** was performed on silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates with ethyl acetate:methanol: distilled water: formic acid in the proportion of 50:2:3:6(v/v), as the mobile phase. The determination was carried out using the densitometric absorbance mode at340 ***: Vitexin response was linear over the range of 2.5–17.5 mg/m L with a correlation coefficient of 0.996. Intraday and interday precision studies showed the relative SD wasmethod was determined and the average recovery was 100.3%.The limit of quantitation and limit of detection were 0.879 and 0.290 mg/m L, *** contents of vitexin in P. foetida leaf extracts were within the range of 0.030%–0.310%.Conclusions: The method was evaluated for sensitivity, accuracy, precision and reproducibility. Each analysis by HPTLC is less expensive than current methods. This method is suitable for routine quality control of raw material of the leaves of P. foetida extract and its products.

关键词： HPTLC Thin layer chromatography Vitexin Passiflora foetida Linn

Diagnosis and management of thoracic aortic dissection:An update

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World Journal of Hypertension 2015年第2期5卷 79-84页

作者： Ruth A Benson Ben O Patterson ian m Loftus St George’s Vascular Institute St George’s Healthcare NHS Trust

Acute thoracic aortic dissection is part of the acute aortic syndrome *** by an intimal tear in the lumen of the aorta,it leads to the creation and propagation of a false *** the acute setting this can lead to malignant hypertension,pain and end organ *** the chronic setting it can lead to aneurysm formation and *** remains the most common aortic emergency,affecting up to 4 per 100000 people per year in the United Kingdom and United *** advances in treatment and centralisation of vascular services,it continues to be associated with a high pre-admission and in-hospital *** is classified in several ways according to anatomical extent,timing and underlying pathology,all of which guides clinical ***,medical management has been the mainstay of treatment in patients with uncomplicated *** has been used in symptomatic *** published information now available from several prospective international registries,we are beginning to see the advantages of newer surgical treatment options such as endovascular repair,in the acute *** review provides an update on diagnosis and management of aortic dissection,including new information that has become available in recent years.

关键词： Aortic dissection Endovascular Acute aortic syndrome Aneurysm Dissecting Endovascular procedures Hypertension,malignant Registries

Spatiotemporal continuum generation in polariton waveguides

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Light(Science & Applications) 2019年第1期8卷 1117-1127页

作者： Paul m.Walker Charles E.Whittaker Dmitry V.Skryabin Emiliano Cancellieri Ben Royall maksym Sich ian Farrer David A.Ritchie maurice S.Skolnick Dmitry N.Krizhanovskii Department of Physics and Astronomy University of SheffieldSheffield S37RHUK Department of Physics University of BathBath BA27AYUK ITmO University Kronverksky Avenue 49St.Petersburg 197101Russia Department of Physics Lancaster UniversityLancaster LA14YBUK Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University of SheffieldSheffield S37HQUK Cavendish Laboratory University of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUK

We demonstrate the generation of a spatiotemporal optical continuum in a highly nonlinear exciton–polariton waveguide using extremely low excitation powers(2-ps,100-W peak power pulses)and a submillimeter device suitable for integrated optics *** observe contributions from several mechanisms over a range of powers and demonstrate that the strong light–matter coupling significantly modifies the physics involved in all of *** experimental data are well understood in combination with theoretical *** results are applicable to a wide range of systems with linear coupling between nonlinear oscillators and particularly to emerging polariton devices that incorporate materials,such as gallium nitride and transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers that exhibit large light–matter coupling at room *** open the door to low-power experimental studies of spatiotemporal nonlinear optics in submillimeter waveguide devices.

关键词： millimeter waveguide optics

Tidal Heights in Hyper-Synchronous Estuaries

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Natural Resources 2014年第11期5卷 607-615页

作者： ian m. Kidd Shuhong Chai Andrew Fischer National Centre for marine Conservation & Resource Sustainability Australian Maritime College University of Tasmania Launceston Australia National Centre for maritime Engineering and Hydrodynamics Australian Maritime College University of Tasmania Launceston Australia

Inconsistencies between datasets are examined with reference to flood tidal elevations in the Tamar River estuary, Tasmania Australia. Errors in a 30-year-old commonly cited dataset have been perpetuated in subsequent publications and datasets, and a clarification is herein provided. Elevation of the flood tidal wave as it propagates the estuary is evident in mean tide level and mean sea level, although the analysis is compromised by the temporal differences of the datasets. As sea levels rise due to global warming, the importance of accurate on-going sea level data in any estuary will become more acute.

关键词： Height Datum mean Sea Level mean Tide Level Estuary Digital Elevation model Global Warming Sea Level Rise

Abundance of White-fronted Parrots and diet of an urban parrot assemblage(Aves:Psittaciformes)in a green Neotropical city

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Avian Research 2022年第1期13卷 36-42页

作者： CristelAlvarez-Castillo ian macGregor-Fors Stefan LArriaga-Weiss Claudio mota-Vargas Diego Santiago-Alarcon Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados Instituto de EcologíaA.C.-CONACYTXalapaMexico Biological and Environmental Sciences University of HelsinkiLahtiFinland División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Juárez Autónoma de TabascoVillahermosaMexico Biología Evolutiva Instituto de EcologíaA.C.-CONACYTXalapaMexico Department of Integrative Biology University of South FloridaTampaUSA

Urban ecosystems are evolutionarily recent novel environments acting as biodiversity *** birds are considered successful urban adapters mainly due to their generalist feeding and opportunistic behavior,allowing them to occupy environments from cold temperate to dry xeric ***,it is important to understand how these species interact in the urban *** studied the interannual(2013–2016)abundance of the White-fronted Parrot(Amazona albifrons)in the Neotropical cities of Xalapa and Coatepec,in Central Veracruz,mé***,we studied the feeding ecology during 13 months of 6 parrot species detected in the city of *** abundance of the White-fronted Parrot was significantly higher in Xalapa than in Coatepec,and it was homogeneous across ***-native plants represented 30–41%of Psittacidae diets in Xalapa,where seeds were the most commonly consumed *** recorded the highest Psittacidae species richness and highest diet overlap among species by the end of the dry season(April–may).The White-fronted Parrot had the highest plant richness in its diet,followed by the monk Parakeet(myiopsitta monachus)and the Green Parakeet(Psittacara holochlorus);yet,the White-fronted Parrot had a specialized diet dominated by two plant species(Grevillea robusta and Ficus aurea).The diet overlap among the three above-mentioned parrot species was not significantly different to a null model,where the White-fronted Parrot and the monk Parakeet overlapped during the months of February,April,June,and *** White-fronted Parrot is an urban adapter that has successfully expanded its geographic range via natural means and by human *** invasive monk Parakeet is currently restricted to one park in Xalapa,and it has remained in that stage for many years(i.e.,pre-expansion phase).Exotic plant species in Xalapa represent∼55%of the woody vegetation,some of which have longer flowering and fruiting periods that may have aided the s

关键词： Biological invasions Feeding ecology Population biology Psittacidae Urban ecology

Robotic pendant drop:containerless liquid for μs-resolved,AI-executable XPCS

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Light(Science & Applications) 2023年第9期12卷 1857-1866页

作者： Doga Yamac Ozgulbas Don Jensen Jr. Rory Butler Rafael Vescovi ian T.Foster michael Irvin Yasukazu Nakaye miaoqi Chu Eric m.Dufresne Soenke Seifert Gyorgy Babnigg Arvind Ramanathan Qingteng Zhang Data Science and Learning Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA X-ray Science Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA Departement of Computer Science University of Chicago5801 S Ellis AveChicagoIL 60637USA XRD Design and Engineering Department Rigaku Corporation 3-9-12 Matsubara-choAkishima-shiTokyo 196-8666Japan Bioscience Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIL 60439USA

The dynamics and structure of mixed phases in a complex fluid can significantly impact its material properties,such as ***-angle X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy(SA-XPCS)can probe the spontaneous spatial fluctuations of the mixed phases under various in situ environments over wide spatiotemporal ranges(10−6–103 s/10−10–10−6 m).Tailored material design,however,requires searching through a massive number of sample compositions and experimental parameters,which is beyond the bandwidth of the current coherent X-ray *** 3.7-μs-resolved XPCS synchronized with the clock frequency at the Advanced Photon Source,we demonstrated the consistency between the Brownian dynamics of~100 nm diameter colloidal silica nanoparticles measured from an enclosed pendant drop and a sealed *** electronic pipette can also be mounted on a robotic arm to access different stock solutions and create complex fluids with highly-repeatable and precisely controlled composition *** closed-loop,AI-executable protocol is applicable to light scattering techniques regardless of the light wavelength and optical coherence,and is a first step towards high-throughput,autonomous material discovery.

关键词： resolved sealed mounted