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j.urnal of Palaeogeography 2023年第2期12卷 296-310页

作者： Isabel Rodríguez-Castro ian D.Somerville Sergio Rodríguez Departamento de Geodinamica Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaUniversidad Complutense de Madrid28040MadridSpain UCD School of Earth Sciences University College DublinBelfieldDublin 4Ireland Instituto de Geociencias(CSIC UCM)Ciudad Universitaria28040MadridSpain

Representatives of the subfamily Lonsdaleiinae Chapman,1893 are common in the Mississippian of the western Palaeotethys.A general analysis of the origin,distribution and evolution of that subfamily has been *** most probable hypothesis for the origin of the genus Lonsdaleia McCoy,1849 is to acquire colonialism via the genus Axophyllum Milne Edwards and Haime,*** d'Orbigny,1849 would be a descendant of Lonsdaleia by increasing integration in the *** first occurrences of Lonsdaleia have been recorded in the lower Visean from northern Britain and northern Tianshan Mountains of northwestern China,but the diversification and migration to the whole Palaeotethys only happened in the late *** hypotheses are proposed on that *** Serpukhovian was also a period of migrations and diversification for these *** Lonsdaleia and Actinocyathus have been recorded in Bashkirian refuges,the Sverdrup Basin in northern Laurasia and the Tindouf Basin in northern Africa,*** division of the western Palaeotethys into six subprovinces based on the distribution of corals is proposed.

关键词： Carboniferous Palaeotethys Biogeography Evolution Rugosa

Prospective study of Centurion~？ versus Infiniti~？ phacoemulsification systems： surgical and visual outcomes

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International j.urnal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2017年第11期10卷 1698-1702页

作者： Lawrence j.Oh Chu Luan Nguyen Eugene Wong Samuel S.Y.Wang ian C.Francis University of New South Wales Sydney 2000 Australia Department of Ophthalmology Prince of Wales Hospital Sydney 2031 Australia Chatswood Private Hospital Chatswood Sydney 2067 Australia

AIM： To evaluate surgical outcomes（SOs） and visual outcomes（VOs） in cataract surgery comparing the Centurion？ phacoemulsification system（CPS） with the Infiniti？ phacoemulsification system（IPS）.METHODS： Prospective, consecutive study in a singlesite private practice. Totally 412 patients undergoing cataract surgery with either the CPS using the 30-degree balanced？ tip（n=207） or the IPS using the 30-degree Kelman？ tip（n=205）. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were documented prospectively up to one month follow-up. Nuclear sclerosis（NS） grade, cumulated dissipated energy（CDE）, preoperative corrected distance visual acuity（CDVA）, and CDVA at one month were recorded. RESULTS： CDE was 13.50% less in the whole CPS compared with the whole IPS subcohort. In eyes with NS grade III or greater, CDE was 28.87% less with CPS（n=70） compared with IPS（n=44）（P=0.010）. Surgical complications were not statistically different between the two subcohorts（P=0.083）, but in the one case of vitreous loss using the CPS, CDVA of 6/4 was achieved at one month. The mean CDVAs（VOs） at one month for NS grade III and above cataracts were-0.17 log MAR（6/4.5） in the CPS and-0.15 log MAR（6/4.5） in the IPS subcohort respectively（P=0.033）.CONCLUSION： CDE is 28.87% less, and VOs are significantly improved, in denser cataracts in the CPS compared with the IPS. The authors recommend the CPS for cases with denser nuclei.

关键词： phacoemulsification Infiniti Centurion cumulated dissipated energy visual and surgical outcomes

Litter buffet:On the use of trash bins by birds in six boreal urban settlements

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Avian Research 2023年第2期14卷 182-190页

作者： Michelle García-Arroyo Miguel A.Gomez-Martínez ian MacGregor-Fors Ecosystems and Environment Research Programme Faculty of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of HelsinkiNiemenkatu 73Lahti15140Finland Instituto de Biotecnología y Ecología Aplicada(INBIOTECA) Universidad VeracruzanaXalapa91090Mexico

Unintentional food resources in urban areas(street litter,food leftovers,overflowing trash bins)are dietary components of some urban-exploiter bird *** this study,we report on 13 bird species in six southern Finnish cities using urban trash bins and describe differences in their activity when provided with food resources(i.e.,bait)in different bin *** used generalized linear models(GLM)and classification and regression trees(CART)to test for associations between environmental variables and bird activity at the *** activity at the binscapes significantly differed among all cities and among types of bins and was significantly higher after placing bait in all *** with the largest opening had more activity as opposed to those with smaller openings or *** and gulls had the highest activity,with corvids usually being present before the bait was placed and gulls increasing their activity *** differences show that trash bin foraging is highly malleable and thus susceptible to management preventing its *** waste management measures could aid in reducing the number of species close to bins and their surroundings,benefiting both bird and human health.

关键词： Avian Behavior Binscape Food resources Urban ecology

Global leaf nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry and their scaling exponent

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National Science Review 2018年第5期5卷 728-739页

作者： Di Tian Zhengbing Yan Karl j.Niklas Wenxuan Han j.ns Kattge Peter B.Reich Yongkai Luo Yahan Chen Zhiyao Tang Huifeng Hu ian j.Wright Bernhard Schmid j.ngyun Fang Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking University Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences College of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Department of Plant Biology Cornell University Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia10 Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of Zurich Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions Ministry of EducationCollege of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural University

Leaf nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) concentrations constrain photosynthetic and metabolic processes,growth and the productivity of plants. Their stoichiometry and scaling relationships regulate the allocation of N and P from subcellular to organism, and even ecosystem levels, and are crucial to the modelling of plant growth and nutrient cycles in terrestrial ecosystems. Prior work has revealed a general biogeographic pattern of leaf N and P stoichiometric relationships and shown that leaf N scales roughly as two-thirds the power of P. However, determining whether and how leaf N and P stoichiometries, especially their scaling exponents, change with functional groups and environmental conditions requires further verification. In this study, we compiled a global data set and documented the global leaf N and P concentrations and the N:P ratios by functional group, climate zone and continent. The global overall mean leaf N and P concentrations were 18.9 mg gand 1.2 mg g, respectively, with significantly higher concentrations in herbaceous than woody plants(21.72 mg gvs. 18.22 mg gfor N; and 1.64 mg gvs. 1.10 mg gfor P). Both leaf N and P showed higher concentrations at high latitudes than low latitudes. Among six continents, Europe had the highest N and P concentrations(20.79 and 1.54 mg g) and Oceania had the smallest values(10.01 and 0.46 mg g). These numerical values may be used as a basis for the comparison of other individual studies. Further, we found that the scaling exponent varied significantly across different functional groups,latitudinal zones, ecoregions and sites. The exponents of herbaceous and woody plants were 0.659 and0.705, respectively, with significant latitudinal patterns decreasing from tropical to temperate to boreal zones. At sites with a sample size ≥10, the values fluctuated from 0.366 to 1.928, with an average of *** factors including the intrinsic attributes of different life forms, P-related growth rates and relative nutrient availa

关键词： leaf nitrogen phosphorus stoichiometry scaling exponent functional group biogeography

Automated bolting and meshing on a continuous miner for roadway development

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International j.urnal of Mining Science and Technology 2013年第1期23卷 55-61页

作者： van Duin Stephen Meers Luke Donnelly Peter Oxley ian University of Wollongong Northfields Avenue Gwynneville NSW Australia

Automated installation of primary roof support material can potentially increase productivity and operator safety in the roadway development process within underground coal mining. Although the broader manufacturing sector has benefited from automation, several challenges exist within the Australian underground coal industry which makes it difficult to fully exploit these technologies. At the University of Wollongong a series of reprogrammable electromechanical manipulators have been designed to overcome these challenges and automatically handle the installation of roof and rib containment consumables on a continuous miner. The automated manipulation removes personnel from hazards in the immediate face area, particularly those associated with working in a confined and unstable working environment in close proximity to rotating and moving equipment. In a series of above ground trials the automated system was successfully demonstrated without human intervention and proven to be capable of achieving cycle times at a rate of 10 m per operating hour, consistent with that required to support high capacity longwall mines. The trials also identified a number of refinements which could further improve both cycle times and system reliability when considering the technology for underground use. The results have concluded that conventional manual handling practices on a continuous miner can be eliminated, and that the prototypes have significantly reduced the technical risk in proceeding to a full underground trial.

关键词： Automation Robotics Roadway development Manipulation Roof support

Population genetics and breeding system of Tupistra pingbianensis (Liliaceae),a naturally rare plant endemic to SW China

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j.urnal of Systematics and Evolution 2010年第1期48卷 47-57页

作者： Richard ian MILNE Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology School of BiologyUniversity of St.AndrewsSt.AndrewsFife KY16 9THUK

The levels and partitioning of genetic diversity and inbreeding depression were investigated in Tupistra pingbianensis,a narrow endemic of southeast Yunnan,China,characterized by a naturally fragmented distribution due to extreme specialization on a rare habitat *** genetic diversity and patterns of genetic variation within and among 11 populations were analyzed using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers with 97 individuals across its whole geographical *** levels of genetic variation were revealed both at the species level(P 99 = 96.012%;H t = 0.302) and at the population level(P 99 = 51.41%;H s = 0.224).Strong genetic differentiation among populations was also detected(F ST = 0.2961;θⅡ = 0.281),which corresponded to results reported for typical animal-pollinated,mixed selfing,and outcrossing plant *** result was consistent with mating patterns detected by our pollination *** indirect estimate of gene flow based on θⅡ was low(N m = 0.64).Special habitat and its life history traits might play an important role in shaping the genetic diversity and the genetic structure of this species.A pollination experiment also failed to detect significant inbreeding depression upon F 1 fruit set,seed weight,and germinate rate *** a naturally rare species,*** is not seriously genetically impoverished and likely to have adapted to tolerating a high level of inbreeding early in its history,we propose this species need only periodic monitoring to ensure their continued persistence,but not intervention to remain viable.

关键词： AFLP genetic diversity genetic structure inbreeding depression naturally rare plants Tupistra pingbianensis.

Separator coatings as efficient physical and chemical hosts of polysulfides for high-sulfur-loaded rechargeable lithium–sulfur batteries

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j.urnal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第5期29卷 51-60页

作者： Masud Rana Ming Li Qiu He Bin Luo Lianzhou Wang ian Gentle Ruth Knibbe Materials Engineering School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia Nanomaterials Centre School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and NanotechnologySt LuciaThe University of Queensland QLD 4072Australia School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences Faculty of ScienceThe University of QueenslandSt LuciaQLD 4072Australia State School Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures International School of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070HubeiChina

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are promising alternative energy storage devices to the commercial lithium-ion ***,the LSBs have several limitations including the low electronic conductivity of sulfur(5×10^-30S cm^-1),associated lithium polysulfides(PSs),and their migration from the cathode to the *** this study,a separator coated with a Ketj.n black(KB)/Nafion composite was used in an LSB with a sulfur loading up to 7.88 mg cm^-2to mitigate the PS migration.A minimum specific capacity(Cs)loss of 0.06%was obtained at 0.2 C-rate at a high sulfur loading of 4.39 mg cm^-***,an initial areal capacity up to 6.70 mAh cm^-2 was obtained at a sulfur loading of 7.88 mg cm^-*** low Cs loss and high areal capacity associated with the high sulfur loading are attributed to the large surface area of the KB and sulfonate group(SO3^-)of Nafion,respectively,which could physically and chemically trap the PSs.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur battery Separator coating Physical and chemical confinement Self-discharge High sulfur loading Specific capacity loss High areal capacity

Which intensities, types, and patterns of movement behaviors are most strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among children?

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第3期10卷 368-378页

作者： Laura K.Callender Michael M.Borghese ian j.nssen School of Kinesiology and Health Studies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada Department of Public Health Sciences Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada

Purpose:The purpose of this study was to determine which intensities,patterns,and types of 24-h movement behaviors are most strongly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors among ***:A total of 369 children aged 1013 years were *** wore an Actical accelerometer and a Garmin Forerunner 220 Global Positioning System logger and completed an activity and sleep log for 7 *** from these instruments were combined to estimate average minute per day spent in 14 intensities,11 types,and 14 patterns of *** mass index,resting heart rate,and systolic blood pressure values were combined to create a cardiometabolic risk factor *** least squares regression analysis was used to examine associations between the 39 movement behavior characteristics and the cardiometabolic risk factor *** variable importance in proj.ction(VIP)values were used to determine and rank important movement behavior *** was evidence of interaction by biological maturity,and the analyses were conducted separately in the 50%least mature and 50%most mature ***:For the least biologically mature participants,fifteen of the 39 movement behavior characteristics had important VIP value scores;eight of these reflected movement intensities(particularly moderate and vigorous intensities),six reflected movement patterns,and one reflected a movement *** the most mature participants,thirteen of the 39 movement behavior characteristics had important VIP value scores,with five reflecting intensities(particularly moderate and vigorous intensities),five reflecting patterns,and three reflecting types of ***:More than 12 movement behavior characteristics were associated with cardiometabolic risk factors within both the most and least mature *** intensities within the moderate and vigorous intensity ranges were the most consistent correlates of these risk factors.

关键词： Child Physical activity Risk factors Sedentary behavior Sleep

Nightlife in the city: drivers of the occurrence and vocal activity of a tropical owl

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Avian Research 2020年第2期11卷 92-105页

作者： Oscar Humberto Marín‑Gómez Michelle García‑Arroyo Camilo ESánchez‑Sarria j.oberto Sosa‑López Diego Santiago‑Alarcon ian MacGregor‑Fors Red de Ambiente y Sustentabilidad Instituto de Ecología A.C.Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351El Haya91073 XalapaVeracruzMexico Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali760044 CaliColombia Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional Unidad Oaxaca(CIIDIR) Instituto Politécnico NacionalOaxacaMexico Dirección de Cátedras Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología(CONACYT)Mexico CityMexico Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados Instituto de Ecología A.C91073 XalapaVeracruzMexico

Background:Cities differ from non-urban environments by the intensity,scale,and extent of anthropogenic pres-sures,which can drive the occurrence,physiology,and behavior of the organisms thriving in these *** as green cover often predict the occurrence patterns of bird species in urban ***,anthropogenic noise and artificial light at night(ALAN)could also limit the presence and disrupt the behavior of ***,there is still a dearth of knowledge about the influence of urbanization through noise and light pollution on nocturnal bird species *** this study,we assessed the role of green cover,noise,and light pollution on the occurrence and vocal activity of the Mottled Owl(Ciccaba virgata)in the city of Xalapa(Mexico).Methods:We obtained soundscape recordings in 61 independent sites scattered across the city of Xalapa using autonomous recording *** performed a semi-automated acoustic analysis of the recordings,corroborating all Mottled Owl *** calculated two measures of anthropogenic noise at each study site:daily noise(during 24 h)and masking noise(mean noise amplitude at night per site that could mask the owl’s vocalizations).We further performed generalized linear models to relate green cover,ALAN,daily noise,and masking noise in relation to the owl’s occurrence(i.e.,detected,undetected).We also ran linear models to assess relationships among the beginning and ending of vocal activity with ALAN,and with the anthropogenic and masking noise levels at the moment of which vocalizations were ***,we explored variations of the vocal activity of the Mottled Owl measured as vocalization rate across ***:The presence of Mottled Owls increased with the size of green cover and decreased with increases in both artificial light at night and noise *** the temporal scale,green cover was positively related with the ending of the owl’s vocal activity,while daily noise and ALAN levels were not related to the tim

关键词： Anthropogenic noise Acoustic monitoring Nighttime ecology Urban ecology Urbanization Vocal activity

Refining pathological evaluation of neoadj.vant therapy for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2013年第48期19卷 9282-9293页

作者： Fergus Noble Luke Nolan Adrian C Bateman j.mes P Byrne j.mie j.Kelly ian S Bailey Donna M Sharland Charlotte N Rees Timothy j.Iveson Tim j.Underwood Andrew R Bateman Cancer Sciences Unit Faculty of Medicine University of Southampton Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Department of Surgery University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Department of Cellular Pathology University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom Cancer Care University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust Southampton SO16 6YD United Kingdom

AIM:To assess tumour regression grade(TRG)and lymph node downstaging to help define patients who benefit from neoadj.vant ***:Two hundred and eighteen consecutive patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or gastro-esophageal j.nction treated with surgery alone or neoadj.vant chemotherapy and surgery between 2005and 2011 at a single institution were *** neoadj.vant chemotherapy consisting of platinum,fluoropyrimidine and anthracycline was considered for operable patients(World Health Organization performance status≤2)with clinical stage T2-4 *** to neoadj.vant chemotherapy(NAC)was assessed using TRG,as described by Mandard et *** addition lymph node downstaging was also *** node downstaging was defined by cN1 at diagnosis:assessed radiologically(computed tomography,positron emission tomography,endoscopic ultrasonography),then pathologically recorded as N0 after surgery;ypN0 if NAC given prior to surgery,or pN0if surgery *** were followed up for 5 years post *** was defined radiologically,with or without pathological *** association was examined between t TRG and lymph node downstaging with disease free survival(DFS)and a comprehensive range of clinicopathological ***:Two hundred and eighteen patients underwent esophageal resection during the study interval with a mean follow up of 3 years(median follow up:2.552,95%CI:2.022-3.081).There was a 1.8%(n=4)inpatient mortality *** hundred and thirty-six(62.4%)patients received NAC,with 74.3%(n=101)of patients demonstrating some signs of pathological tumour regression(TRG 1-4)and 5.9%(n=8)having a complete pathological *** four point one percent(n=60)had downstaging of their nodal disease(cN1 to ypN0),compared to only 15.9%(n=13)that underwent surgery alone(pre-operatively overstaged:cN1 to pN0),(P<0.0001).Response to NAC was associated with significantly increased DFS(mean DFS;TRG 1-2:5.1years,

关键词： Esophageal cancer Gastro-esophageal cancer Neoadj.vant Regression