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Photonics Research 2023年第2期11卷 181-188页

作者： KUNHAO j. DI LIN ian A. DAVIDSON SIYI WANG j.EL CARPENTER YOSHIMICHI AMMA YONGMIN j.NG MASSIMILianO GUASONI DAVID j. RICHARDSON Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Institute of Advanced Photonics Technology School of Information EngineeringGuangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Fuj.kura Ltd. Chiba 285-8550Japan

Higher-order Poincarésphere(HOPS) beams with spatially variable polarization and phase distributions are opening up a host of unique applications in areas ranging from optical communication to ***, the flexible generation of these beams with high peak power from compact laser systems remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate the controlled generation of HOPS beams based on coherent beam combination from an Yb-doped multicore fiber(MCF) amplifier. Using a spatial light modulator to adaptively adj.st the wavefront and polarization of the signals seeded into the individual cores of the MCF various structured beams(including cylindrical vector beams and first-and second-order vortex beams) were generated with peak powers up to 14 k W for ~92 ps pulses.

关键词： amplifier polarization fiber

Forty hours with a traumatic carotid transection： A diagnostic caveat and review of the contemporary management of penetrating neck trauma

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Chinese j.urnal of Traumatology 2018年第2期21卷 118-121页

作者： Eugene Ng ian Campbell Andrew Choong Allan Kruger Philip j. Walker Department of Vascular Surgery Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Herston QLD 4006 Brisbane Australia

Although penetrating neck trauma （PNT） is uncommon, it is associated with the significant morbidity and mortality. The management of PNT has changed significantly over the past 50 years. A radiological assessment now is a vital part of the management with a traditional surgical exploration. A 22 years old male was assaulted by a screwdriver and sustained multiple penetrating neck inj.ries. A contrast CT scan revealed a focal pseudoaneurysm in the left common carotid artery bulb. There was no active bleeding or any other vascular inj.ries and the patient remained haemodynamically stable. In view of these findings, he was initially managed conservatively without an open surgical exploration. However, the patient was noted to have an acute drop in his hemoglobin count overnight post inj.ry and the catheter directed angiography showed active bleeding from the pseudoaneurysm. Surgical exploration 40 hours following the initial inj.ry revealed a penetrating inj.ry through both arterial walls of the left carotid bulb which was repaired with a great saphenous vein patch. A percutaneous drain was inserted in the carotid tri- angle and a course of intravenous antibiotics for five days was commenced. The patient recovered well with no complications and remained asymptomatic at five months followup.

关键词： Penetrating neck trauma Management penetrating neck trauma Investigation penetrating neck trauma Assessment penetrating neck trauma

Convolutional neural network to learn building-shape representations for early-stage energy design

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 463-478页

作者： Manav Mahan Singh ian F.C.Smith Georg Nemetschek Institute Artificial Intelligence for the Built World Technical University of MunichWalther-von-Dyck-Straße 10Garching bei München 85748Federal Republic of Germany

Machine learning(ML)supports energy-efficient design by quickly predicting the building performance at early ***,existing ML approaches cannot easily learn geometrical representations and their interactions with technical specifications for predicting *** approaches of artificial neural networks(ANN)use either numerical parameters to represent building geometry or component-based ML(CBML)to train trans-ferrable ML ***,both approaches have high generalisation errors for complex *** used a convolutional neural network(CNN)to learn geometrical representations of buildings and an autoencoder to optimise the training *** test existing approaches of ANN and CBML with a proposed approach of CNN for different sizes of training *** the biggest training dataset,ANN,CBML,and CNN have generalisation errors(root-mean-squared errors)of 1.35,1.60,and 0.77 kWh/a.m 2,*** CBML has lower prediction errors on small datasets,CNN is more suitable for large ***,CNN most often has better prediction accuracy than ANN and trains faster on encoded *** CNN captures the effects of building geometry on energy predictions better than ANN and CBML approaches,it is an attractive choice for early-stage energy design.

关键词： Energy performance ANN CNN Component-based ML Deep learning Autoencoders

Over 100 Million Years of Enzyme Evolution Underpinning the Production of Morphine in the Papaveraceae Family of Flowering Plants

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Plant Communications 2020年第2期1卷 88-103页

作者： Yi Li Thilo Winzer Zhesi He ian AGraham Centre for Novel Agricultural Products Department of BiologyUniversity of YorkYork YO105YWUK

Phylogenomic analysis of whole genome sequences of five benzylisoquinoline alkaloid(BIA)-producing species from the Ranunculales and Proteales orders of flowering plants revealed the sequence and timing of evolutionary events leading to the diversification of these compounds.(S)-Reticuline is a pivotal intermediate in the synthesis of many BIAs and our analyses revealed parallel evolution between the two orders,which diverged122 million years ago(MYA).Berberine is present in species across the entire Ranunculales,and we found co-evolution of genes essential for production of the protoberberine *** benzophenanthridine class,which includes the antimicrobial compound sanguinarine,is specific to the Papaveraceae family of Ranunculales,and biosynthetic genes emerged after the split with the Ranunculaceae family110 MYA but before the split of the three Papaveraceae species used in this study at77 *** phthalideisoquinoline noscapine and morphinan class of BIAs are exclusive to the opium poppy *** estimation of paralogous pairs indicates that morphine biosynthesis evolved more recently than 18 MYA in the Papaver *** the preceding 100 million years gene duplication,neofunctionalization and recruitment of additional enzyme classes,combined with gene clustering,gene fusion,and gene amplification,resulted in emergence of medicinally valuable BIAs including morphine and noscapine.

关键词： benzylisoquinoline alkaloids plant genomes gene tree analysis metabolic pathway evolution gene clusters gene fusion

Nicotiana attenuata's capacity to interact with arbuscular mycorrhiza alters its competitive ability and elicits maj.r changes in the leaf transcriptome

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j.urnal of Integrative Plant Biology 2018年第3期60卷 242-261页

作者： Ming Wang j.lia Wilde ian T.Baldwin Karin Groten Department of Molecular Ecology Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyHans-Knoll-Str.8Jena 07745Germany

To study the local and systemic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal （AMF） colonization, Nicotiana attenuata plants impaired in their interactions with AMF due to silencing of a calcium- and calmodulin dependent protein kinase （inverted repreat （ir）CCaMK） were grown competitively in pairs with empty vector （EV） plants, with and without two different types of inoculum. When inoculated, EV plants strongly outperformed irCCaMK plants. Foliar transcript profiling revealed that AMF colonization significantly changed gene expression of P-starvation and -transporter genes in irCCaMK plants. The Phtl family phosphate transporter NaPT5 was not only specifically induced in roots after AMF colonization, but also in leaves of AMF-colonized irCCaMK plants, and in plants grown under low Pi conditions in the absence of AMF. The P-starvation signature of inoculated irCCaMK plants corresponded with increases in selected amino acids and phenolic compounds in leaves. We also found a strong AMF-induced increase in amino acids and phenolic metabolites in roots. Plants impaired in their interactions with AMF clearly have a fitness disadvantage when competing for limited soil nutrients with a fully functional isogenic line. The additional role of the AMF-induced Phtl family transporter NaPT5 in leaves under P-starvation conditions will require further experiments to fully resolve.

关键词： William j. Lucas University of California Davis USA

Enhanced Electroactivity of Facet-Controlled Co3O4 Nanocrystals for Enzymeless Biosensing

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j.urnal of Materials Science & Technology 2016年第1期32卷 24-27页

作者： Kuang-HsuWu Xue Leng ian R. Gentle Da-Wei Wang School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences the University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia School of Chemical Engineering the University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia

In this work, we report enhanced electroactivity of Co304 nanocrystals （nanocubes, NCs and truncated nano-octahedra, TNO） on the exposed {111} facets as compared to the {001} facets in relation to the surface density and the activity of the octahedral Com species. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were em- ployed to characterize the crystal facets and materials properties. The enhanced electroactivity of {111 } crystal facets was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric titration. Our results indicate that the {111 } facets in TNO has a better electroactivity for enzymeless glucose sensing with a decent glucose sensitivity of 32.54 μA （mmol/L）-1 cm-2.

关键词： Co304 nanoparticles Crystal facets Glucose sensing

Seasonal variation of tidal prism and energy in the Changj.0}g River estuary： a numerical study

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Chinese j.urnal of Oceanology and Limnology 2016年第1期34卷 219-230页

作者：张敏 ian Howard TOWNEND 蔡华阳周云轩 State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research East China Normal University Shanghai 200062 China Ocean and Earth Sciences University of Southampton Southampton SO171B J UK Department of Water Management Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of Technology Stevinweg 1 P.O. Box 5048 2600 GA Delft The Netherlands

Tidal rivers are intrinsically complex because tidal propagation is influenced by river discharge. This study aims to examine the seasonal variation of tidal prism and energy variance in the tidal river of the Changj.0}g(Yangtze) River estuary in China. In order to quantify the behaviour of river and tide,we use numerical modelling that has been validated using measured data. We conduct our analysis by quantifying the discharge and energy variance in separate components for both the river and the tide,during wet and dry seasons. We note various definitions of tidal prism and explore the difference between tidal discharge on the flood and ebb and tidal storage volume. The results show that the river discharge attenuates the tidal motion and reduces the tidal flood discharge but the tidal storage volume is approximately constant with different riverine discharge since part of the fresh water discharge is intercepted and captured in the estuary due to the backwater effect. It appears that the tidal discharge adj.sts according to the variation of river discharge to keep a constant tidal storage volume. An analysis of the hydraulics shows that the transition from tidal dominance(at the mouth) to river dominance(upstream) depends on the location of tidal current reversal which varies from wet season to dry season. Duringthe wet season,the Changj.0}g River estuary is totally dominated by energy from fresh water discharge.

关键词： hydrodynamics estuary convergence tidal prism hydraulics energy tidal river

Evidence for the ef?cacy and safety of herbal weight loss preparations

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j.urnal of Integrative Medicine 2019年第2期17卷 87-92页

作者： Rachael Farrington ian F.Musgrave Roger W.Byard Adelaide Medical School The University of Adelaide Forensic Science SA

Rising rates of obesity across the globe have been associated with an increase in the use of herbal preparations for weight control. However, the mechanisms of action for these substances are often not known,as is the potential for interaction with other herbal preparations or prescription pharmaceutical drugs. To investigate the reported efficacy and safety of herbal weight loss preparations, we conducted a review of the literature focusing on herbs that are most commonly used in weight loss preparations, specifically,Garcinia cambogia, Camellia sinensis, Hoodia gordonii, Citrus aurantium and Coleus forskohlii. There was no clear evidence that the above herbal preparations would cause sustained long-term weight loss in humans in the long term. Serious illness and even death have occasionally resulted from the use of herbal weight loss preparations. Few clinical trials have been undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and/or safety of herbal weight loss preparations. In addition, potential issues of herb–herb and herb–drug interactions are often not considered. Regulation of these products is much less rigorous than for prescription medications, despite documented cases of associated hepatotoxicity.

关键词： Weight loss Hepatotoxicity Complementary medicine Traditional Chinese medicine

Radial artery access site complications during cardiac procedures,clinical implications and potential solutions: The role of nitric oxide

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World j.urnal of Cardiology 2020年第1期12卷 26-34页

作者： Emma M Coghill Timothy j.hnson Russell E Morris ian L Megson Stephen j.Leslie Free Radical Research Facility Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of the Highlands and IslandsInverness IV23JHUnited Kingdom j.hnson Matthey Technology Centre Blount’s CourtSonning CommonReading RG49NHUnited Kingdom School of Chemistry University of St.AndrewsSt Andrews KY169STUnited Kingdom Department of Cardiology NHS HighlandInverness IV23UJUnited Kingdom

Percutaneous coronary intervention for the treatment of coronary artery disease is most commonly performed in the UK through the radial artery,as this is considered to be safer than the femoral ***,despite improvements in technology and techniques,complications can *** most common complication,arterial spasm,can cause intense pain and,in some cases,procedural *** incidence of spasm is dependent on several variables,including operator experience,artery size,and equipment *** antispasmolytic cocktail can be applied to reduce spasm,which usually includes an exogenous nitric oxide(NO)donor(glyceryl trinitrate).NO is an endogenous local vasodilator and therefore is a potential target for anti-spasm ***,systemic administration can result in unwanted side-effects,such as hypotension.A method that adopts local delivery of NO might be *** review article describes the mechanisms involved in radial artery spasm,discusses the advantages and disadvantages of current strategies to reduce spasm,and highlight the potential of NO-loaded nanoporous materials for use in this setting.

关键词： Radial artery Cannulation Spasm Nitric oxide Vasodilation Nanoporous material

Verifiable Badging System for scientific data reproducibility

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2021年第2期2卷 68-81页

作者： Swapna Krishnakumar Radha ian Taylor j.rek Nabrzyski Iain Barclay Center for Research Computing University of Notre DameIN46556USA School of Computer Science and Informatics Cardiff UniversityCardiffWalesCF103ATUK

Reproducibility can be considered as one of the basic requirements to ensure that a given research finding is accurate and *** paper presents a new layered approach that allows scientific researchers to provide a)data to fellow researchers to validate research and b)proofs of research quality to funding agencies,without revealing sensitive details associated with the *** conclude that by integrating smart contracts,blockchain technology,and self-sovereign identity into an automated system,it is possible to assert the quality of scientific materials and validate the peer review process without the need of a central authority.

关键词： Blockchain technology Self-sovereign identity Decentralized identifiers Verifiable credentials Smart contracts