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2008北京国际生理科学学术大会

作者： ROBINSON iain CAF Division of Molecular Neuroendocrinology MRC National Institute for Medical Researchthe RidgewayMill Hill London NW7 IAAUK

＜正＞Pituitary growth hormone（GH）is released in an episodic pattern in response to signals from the hypothalamic neuropeptide regulators,GH releasing hormone（GHRH）and somatostatin（SRIF）.Whilst the acute regulation of GH release reflects the interplay of these hypothalamic regulators,the major determinant for the long-term output of GH from the pituitary gland is the number and GH synthetic activity of *** is a significant turnover of GH cells in the adult pituitary gland,and large changes are seen in the number and organization of the GH cells in response to physiological demands,*** GH secretion during sexual *** studies using transgenic mice with GH cells tagged with green fluorescent protein have shown that the pituitary cell populations are highly dynamic and show a remarkable degree of plasticity,with both cell number and hormone reserves varying in response to demands at different stages of *** GH cell population increases markedly from birth,mainly in response to GHRH,and the lack of GHRH or its receptor causes profound somatotroph hypoplasia and *** is thus a major extrinsic factor regulating GH cell number,but can only operate on differentiated GH cells expressing GHRH *** marked GH cell plasticity seen in the adult pituitary cannot solely be explained by division of differentiated GH cells,and several lines of evidence suggest the presence of undifferentiated progenitor cells for all the pituitary endocrine cell *** have recently identified a candidate for these cells,characterized by their expression of typical stem cell markers such as Sox2 and Scal,in the undifferentiated *** pituitary precursor cells in Rathke’s pouch are Sox2+ve,and a population of these hormonenegative cells persists amongst the marginal cells lining the remnant of this structure in the pituitary *** cells,isolated from adult mouse pituitary glands,form proliferating Sox2+ve pituispheres in culture

关键词： pituitary growth hormone(GH) GH releasing horone(GHRH) stem/progenitor cells plasticity

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多孔泡沫材料的声吸收特性

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西安交通大学学报 2007年第9期41卷 1003-1011页

作者：卢天健 iain D. J. Dupère Ann P. Dowling 西安交通大学强度与振动教育部重点实验室西安710049 剑桥大学工程系

为了结合泡沫金属兼有的高吸声和高热传导两种特性以进一步提高其吸声性能,回顾了泡沫金属材料的应用和声学建模;通过对泡沫金属和用于制造泡沫金属的高分子基体材料的实验,比较了作者提出的声波通过泡沫金属传播的3种黏滞模型的预测结... 详细信息

为了结合泡沫金属兼有的高吸声和高热传导两种特性以进一步提高其吸声性能,回顾了泡沫金属材料的应用和声学建模;通过对泡沫金属和用于制造泡沫金属的高分子基体材料的实验,比较了作者提出的声波通过泡沫金属传播的3种黏滞模型的预测结果,表明所有模型在泡沫金属典型胞元尺寸所对应的低雷诺数范围内是有效的(假定声波为线性,幅值低于160 dB).第一种模型考虑了声波沿平行于刚性圆柱束轴线方向传播时所受到的空气曳力,第二种模型考虑了声波沿垂直于刚性圆柱束轴线方向的传播,第三种模型考虑了声波通过球形节点的传播.结合这3种模型,提出了一种泡沫金属声学性能的综合模型,可以用来预测泡沫金属的声吸收特性.此外,还介绍了一种用于泡沫金属材料基本声传播特性实验的后处理技术.

关键词：泡沫金属声波吸收声学建模

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Reducing the oxidative stress mediates the cardioprotection of bicyclol against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2013年第6期14卷 487-495页

作者： Jie CUI Zhi LI Ling-bo QIAN Qin GAO Jue WANG Meng XUE Xiao-e LOU iain C.BRUCE Qiang XIA Hui-ping WANG Department of Physiology School of MedicineZhejiang University Department of Physiology Xuzhou Medical College Department of Physiology Zhejiang Medical College

Objective:To investigate the beneficial effect of bicyclol on rat hearts subjected to ischemia-reperfusion(IR) injuries and its possible ***:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intragastrically administered with bicyclol(25,50 or 100 mg/(kg·d)) for 3 *** IR was produced by occlusion of the coronary artery for 1 h and reperfusion for 3 *** ventricular hemodynamics was continuously *** the end of reperfusion,myocardial infarct was measured by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride(TTC) staining,and serum lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) level and myocardial superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity were determined by *** ventricular myocytes from adult rats were exposed to 60 min anoxia and 30 min reoxygenation to simulate IR *** reperfusion,cell viability was determined with trypan blue;reactive oxygen species(ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential of the cardiomyocytes were measured with the fluorescent *** mitochondrial permeability transition pore(mPTP) opening induced by Ca2+(200 μmol/L) was measured with the absorbance at 520 nm in the isolated myocardial ***:Low dose of bicyclol(25 mg/(kg·d)) had no significant improving effect on all cardiac parameters,whereas pretreatment with high bicyclol markedly reduced the myocardial infarct and improved the left ventricular contractility in the myocardium exposed to IR(P<0.05).Medium dose of bicyclol(50 mg/(kg·d)) markedly improved the myocardial contractility,left ventricular myocyte viability,and SOD activity,as well decreased infarct size,serum LDH level,ROS production,and mitochondrial membrane potential in rat myocardium exposed to *** reduction of ventricular myocyte viability in IR group was inhibited by pretreatment with 50 and 100 mg/(kg·d) bicyclol(P<0.05 ***),but not by 25 mg/(kg·d) *** opening of mPTP evoked by Ca2+ was significantly inhibited by medium ***:Bicyclol exerts cardioprotection against IR injur

关键词： Ischemia-reperfusion injury Cardioprotection Oxidative stress Mitochondrial permeability transition pore Bicyclol

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August Macke, 1887-1914

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作者： (author.)Meseure Anna (1887-1914.)Macke August (translator.)Galbraith iain

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Characteristics of patients with columnar-lined Barrett's esophagus and risk factors for progression to esophageal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第43期11卷 6807-6814页

作者： Kamal E Bani-Hani Bayan K Bani-Hani iain G Martin Department of Surgery Academic Surgical Unit and Center for Digestive Diseases

AIM： To determine the risk factors for the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma in these patients with columnar-lined esophagus （CLE）. METHODS： Data collected retrospectively on 597 consecutive patients diagnosed at endoscopy and histology to have CLE at Leeds General Infirmary between 1984 and 1995 were analyzed. Factors evaluated included age, sex, length of columnar segment, smoking, and drinking habits, history of non-steroidal ingestion, presence of endoscopic esophagitis, ulceration or benign strictures and presence of Helicobacter pylori in esophageal biopsies. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify risk factors for the development of adenocarcinoma. RESULTS： Forty-four patients presented or developed esophageal adenocarcinoma during follow-up. Independent risk factors for the development of adenocarcinoma in palJents with CLE were males （OR 5.12, 95%CI 2.04-12.84, P = 0.0005）, and benign esophageal stricture （OR 4.37, 95%CI 2.02-9.45, P = 0.0002）. Male subjects and patients who developed benign esophageal stricture constituted 86% （n = 38） of all patients who presented or developed esophageal adenocarcinoma. The presence of esophagitis was associated with a significant reduction in the development of esophageal carcinoma （OR 0.28, 95%CI 0.13-0.57, P = 0.0006）. No other clinical characteristics differentiate between the non-malignant and malignant group. CONCLUSION： In patients with CLE, endoscopic surveillance for the early detection of adenocarcinoma may be restricted to male subjects, as well as patients who develop benign esophageal strictures.

关键词： Barrett's esophagus Adenocarcinoma Risk factors Esophageal adenocarcinoma Esophagealstricture

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Herd Level Antimicrobial Resistance in Beef Calves in Switzerland 1986 through 2011

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第11期4卷 247-254页

作者： Michael Hassig Sarina Eugster Frazer iain Lewis Department of Farm Animals Section for Ambulatory Field Clinic and Herd HealthZurichSwitzerland Section for Epidemiology University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

The increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistance in food animals is a growing global concern and is closely linked to animal husbandry practices. In this study we describe the changement of antimicrobial resistance in beef calf production in Switzerland from 1986 through 2011. Data were collected from farms with known calf herd problems, such as diarrhoea or pneumonia, along with antimicrobial resistance from those herds. The Herd Health Section of the University of Zu-rich visited each farm. Samples were analysed for bacterial growth and resistance test commonly indicated in diseases such as calf pneumonia and diarrhoea. Each resistance test comprised of samples from at least three diseased animals. For diarrhoea, a faeces sample was used, for pneu-monia a deep nasal swab was taken. In nasal swabs, only batches yielding considerable bacterial growth in three individual animal samples were included for diagnosis. Other growth of bacteria was considered as contamination. The results consisted of bacterial resistance to antibiotics against defined diseases such as calf diarrhoea and calf pneumonia at herd level. This approach is reflecting the situation as found in practice when a calf has to be treated without delay and without results from further laboratory diagnostics. In diarrhoea cases, four antibiotics showed no bacterial resistance. Bacterial resistance of below 10% was observed to three antibiotics. Up to 20% bacterial resistance was found to two antibiotics. Eighty per cent and over was found to be six antibiotics. Bacterial resistance to two antibiotics was found in over 90% of samples and all samples were resistant to one antibiotic. In pneumonia three antibiotics showed no resistance;one was below 10%;four antibiotics were below 20%. Over 80% of samples were resistant to four antibiotics. One resistance was over 90% and all bacterial samples were resistant to two antibiotics. Differences in bacterial resistance between pneumonia and diarrhoea in two s

关键词： Bovine Calf Pneumonia Diarrhoea Resistance Test

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Evidence-Based Use of Antibiotics in Meat Calves

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2015年第3期5卷 68-72页

作者： Michael Hassig Sarina Eugster Fraser iain Lewis Section for Ambulatory Field Clinic and Herd Health Department of Farm AnimalsUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Section for Epidemiology University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland

Abuse of antibiotics is an increasing commonly feature in the media. Widespread preventive use of antibiotics without diagnostics in meat calf husbandry is a major public health concern. In this study, we compare a “trial and error” method, comprising of a first choice antibiotic, followed by a second and third choice (as recommended by the WHO), with a method which utilizes an antibiotic resistance test to first identify the best antibiotic out of first, second or third choice alternatives using decision tree analysis. Data were collected from farms with a known calf herd problem along with antibiograms from those herds. Samples were analysed for resistance to antibiotics against calf pneumonia on a herd level, rather than for resistance against specific antibiotics. Resistance tests were performed on batch samples composed of at least three diseased animals. A deep nasal swap was taken. In nasal swaps only ++ or +++ growth in all 3 samples were used for diagnosis. Other growth of bacteria was considered as contamination. A comparison of resistance rates across a range of antibiotics between farms with known calf pneumonia and calf diarrhoea issues was performed. The decision tree analysis presented provides strong support in favour of an evidence-based approach to antimicrobial treatment by using an antimicrobial resistance test, providing an advantage of 58% per meat calf against the “trial and error” method, giving a financial gain of some CHF 320.09 under Swiss economic circumstances.

关键词： Bovine Calf Antibiotic Resistance Test Decision Tree Analysis

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How is a worm more complex than a fly:comparative N-glyco mics and anti-carbohydrate antibody cross-reactivity

How is a worm more complex than a fly:comparative N-glyco mi...

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2008年全国糖生物学学术会议

作者： iain B.H.Wilson Department fuer Chemie Universitaet fuer Bodenkultur Wien Muthgasse 18WienAustria

In recent years major advances have been made as regards our genomic knowledge about a variety of species,whereas what is known about the glycomics and glycobiology of even model organisms is far from ***,screening of...

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每日高强度运动训练对心绞痛病人心肌灌注的影响

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国外医学（物理医学与康复学分册） 1992年第3期12卷 118-120页

作者： iain CT 陈伟励建安

Eckstein(1957)进行动物实验发现,明显的冠脉狭窄可刺激侧支循环的建立。运动可进一步加强这种效应,从而起到保护心肌的作用。但在人类一直未得到证实。目前对心脏病进行的康复运动训练,其机理在于运动的外周适应性作用,降低了心脏的工... 详细信息

Eckstein(1957)进行动物实验发现,明显的冠脉狭窄可刺激侧支循环的建立。运动可进一步加强这种效应,从而起到保护心肌的作用。但在人类一直未得到证实。目前对心脏病进行的康复运动训练,其机理在于运动的外周适应性作用,降低了心脏的工作负荷。但是否具有心肌效应,还缺乏依据.本研究的目的在于观察劳累后所致的心肌缺血病人高强度运动训练是否能改善心肌灌注。

关键词：心绞痛运动心肌灌注

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The relationship between steeplechase hurdle economy, mechanics, and performance

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2015年第4期4卷 353-356页

作者： Sarah Earl iain Hunter Gary W. Mack Matthew Seeley Department of Exercise Sciences Brigham Young University Provo UT 84602 USA

Background： Research surrounding the steeplechase is scarce, with most research focusing primarily on how biomechanical factors relate to maintaining running speed while crossing barriers. One area that has not been well explored is the relationship between biomechanical factors and hurdling economy. The purpose of this study was to investigate how pel：formance times and biomechanical variables relate to hurdling economy during the steeplechase. Methods： This was accomplished by measuring running economy of collegiate and professional steeplechasers while rmming with and without hurdles. Biomechanical measures of approach velocity, takeoff distance, clearance height, and lead knee extension while hurdling, as well as steeplechase performance times were correlated to a ratio of running economy with and without hurdles. Results： While oxygen uptake was 2.6% greater for the laps requiring five barriers, there was no correlation between steeplechase performance time and the ratio of running economy during the hurdle and non-hurdle laps. Results also indicated no correlation between the aforementioned biomechanical variables and ratio of running economy during the hurdle and non-hurdle laps. Conclusion： Increasing approach velocity did not negatively affect running economy. Increased approach velocity is a benefit for maintenance of race pace, but does not hurt economy of movement.

关键词： Endurance Racing Running Track and field

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