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Soil Acidification Stimulates the Emission of Ethylene from Temperate Forest Soils

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2009年第6期26卷 1253-1261页

作者：徐星凯 kazuyuki inubushi State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate School of Horticulture Chiba UniversityMatsudo

Soil acidification via acid precipitation is recognized to have detrimental impacts on forest ecosystems, which is in part associated with the function of ethylene released from the soil. However, the impacts of acidification on the cycling of ethylene in forest soils have not been fully taken into consideration in global change studies. Forest topsoils （0-5 cm） under four temperate forest stands were sampled to study the effects of a pH change on the emissions of ethylene and carbon dioxide from the soils and concentrations of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） released into the soils. Increasing acidification or alkalinization of forest soils could increase concentrations of DOC released into the soils under anoxic and oxic conditions. The ethylene emission from these forest topsoils could significantly increase with a decreasing pH, when the soils were acidified experimentally to a pH〈4.0, and it increased with an increasing concentration of DOC released into the soils, which was different from the carbon dioxide emission from the soils. Hence, the short-term stimulating responses of ethylene emission to a decreasing pH in such forest soils resulted from the increase in the DOC concentration due to acidification rather than carbon mineralization. The results would promote one to study the effects of soil acidification on the cycling of ethylene under different forest stands, particularly under degraded forest stands with heavy acid depositions.

关键词： soil acidification carbon dioxide dissolved organic carbon ethylene emission volcanic soil

Measurement of ethylene and methane production in a temperate forest soil using inhibition of acetylene and carbon monoxide

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第7期53卷 1087-1093页

作者： XU XingKai inubushi kazuyuki State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate School of Horticulture Chiba University Matsudo Chiba 271-8510 Japan

We studied in the laboratory the effects of acetylene (C2H2) concentrations on the accumulation and consumption of ethylene and methane in a temperate pine forest soil, and in situ ethylene and methane production and flush effects of nitrogen sources on both productions in the pine forest stand (Pinus sylvestris L.). The addition of C2H2 at concentrations more than 50 Pa C2H2 in the headspace caused a more than 95% reduction in rates of ethylene and methane consumption in forest soil compared to those with no C2H2. Furthermore, addition of acetylene within a range of 50 to 10, 000 Pa C2H2 induced a similar rate of methane accumulation in forest soil. Hence, it can be concluded that presence of more than 50 Pa C2H2 in the headspace is an effective method to measure methane production in forest soil. The addition of C2H2 at concentrations more than 50 Pa C2H2 induced an increasing concentration of ethylene in the headspace (P≤0.05), indicating the reduction of acetylene to ethylene in forest soil. Using inhibition of 0.5 kPa C2H2 in combination with 5 kPa carbon monoxide that inhibits the reduction of acetylene in a short term, it was observed that there was a larger in situ methane production rate (218 ± 26 μg C m-2 h-1 (μg C per square meter per hour, the same below)) than in situ ethylene produc-tion rate (92 ± 6 μg C m-2 h-1) in the pine forest soil. The addition of nitrogen sources such as urea, urea plus a nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide, and potassium nitrate, could induce a 5-fold greater in-crease in rates of in situ ethylene and methane production compared to those in the control, particu-larly in the latter (P≤0.05). The results can promote in situ measurement of ethylene and methane production in forest soils at different sites.

关键词：乙烯甲烷温度森林土壤一氧化碳

Effects of nitrogen sources and glucose on the con- sumption of ethylene and methane by temperate volcanic forest surface soils

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第23期52卷 3281-3291页

There is limited knowledge with regard to the consumption of ethylene (C2H4) and methane (CH4) in volcanic forest soils containing low microbial carbon-to-organic carbon ratio, and to the responses of both consumptions to nitrogen and carbon additions. Temperate volcanic forest surface soils under three forest stands (e.g. Pinus sylvestris L., Cryptomeria japonica and Quercus serrata) were used to compare CH4 and C2H4 consumption by forest soils, and to study the effects of nitrogen sources and glucose on both consumptions. There was a good parallel between CH4 and C2H4 consumption by for- est soils, but mineralization reduced CH4 consumption rather than C2H4 consumption in forest soils, particularly in a Pinus forest soil. The stimulatory effect of glucose addition on both CH4 and C2H4 consumption by forest soils was increased by increasing the pre-incubation period after glucose addi- tion, and a largest stimulation occurred in the Pinus forest soil. The addition of KNO3-N at the rate of 100 μg·g1 significantly reduced the consumptions of both C2H4 and CH4 by forest soils (P≤0.05). In the presence of urea plus dicyandiamide, the consumption rates of C2H4 and CH4 by forest soils were higher than those in the KNO3-N and urea-N treated soils at the same N rate (P≤0.05), but were similar to those of the control. Hence, under experimental conditions, there was a strong inhibitory effect of NO3 rather than NH4+ addition on the CH4 and C2H4 consumption in these forest soils. When amount of the added NO3-N increased up to more than 2―3 times the soil initial NO3-N concentrations, both C2H4 and CH4 consumption rates were reduced to 10%―20% of the rates in soils without nitrate addition. By comparing the three forest stands, it was shown that there was a smallest effective concentration of the added nitrate that could inhibit C2H4 and CH4 consumption in the Pinus forest soil, which indicated that C2H4 and CH4 consumption of the soil was more sensitive to NO3-N addition.

关键词：乙烯森林土壤甲烷硝化作用

Temperature effects on ethylene and methane production from temperate forest soils

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第8期54卷 1426-1433页

作者： XU XingKai inubushi kazuyuki State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chi- nese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China Graduate School of Horticulture C~hiba University Matsudo Chiba 271-8510 Japan

Change in temperature affects the activity of soil ***,there is limited knowledge about temperature effects on ethylene(C2H4) and methane(CH4) production from forest *** samples(0―5 cm) collected from different temperate forest stands(e.g.,Pinus sylvestris L.,Cryptomeria japonica,and Quercus serrata) were used to compare C2H4 and CH4 production from soils at temperature from 5 to 35℃ under oxic and anoxic *** rates of C2H4 and CH4 production from soils under oxic conditions were measured by using inhibition of acetylene(C2H2) and carbon monoxide(CO).The consumption of C2H2 by soils at an initial concentration of c.250 Pa C2H2 was negligible at 5 and 15℃,but it was significantly increased at 25 and 35℃.The presence of 2 kPa CO in the headspace gases tended to decrease the consumption of C2H2 by soils at high *** Q10 values for the soil C2H2 consumption ranged from 2.3 to 3.8,and there were no significant differences in Q10 values between these topsoil *** rate of CH4 production from each sample under oxic conditions was larger than the soil C2H4 production at 5―35℃,particularly at low temperature,and presented a smaller Q10 *** production from soil after 1 week of anoxic incubation at 5―35℃ was larger than the soil CH4 production,and presented a larger Q10 ***,CH4 produc-tion from Quercus serrata forest soil and its response to temperature increased significantly with in-cubation ***-term anoxic conditions of in situ upland forest soils are normally not prevalent,so it can be reasonably concluded that there is a larger C2H4 production rather than CH4 production under temperate forest stands due to heavy rainfall in summer.

关键词：土壤微生物活性甲烷产量土壤温度温带森林乙烯好氧条件二氧化碳气体缺氧条件

Legacy effect of elevated CO_(2) and N fertilization on mineralization and retention of rice (Oryza sativa L.) rhizodeposit-C in paddy soil aggregates

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Soil Ecology Letters 2022年第1期4卷 78-91页

作者： Yuhong Li Hongzhao Yuan Anlei Chen Mouliang Xiao Yangwu Deng Rongzhong Ye Zhenke Zhu kazuyuki inubushi Jinshui Wu Tida Ge Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region&Changsha Research Station for Agricultural and Environmental Monitoring Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesChangsha 410125China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000China Department of Plant&Environmental Sciences Pee Dee Research&Education CenterClemson UniversityFlorenceSC 29506USA Graduate School of Horticulture Chiba UniversityMatsudo271-8510Japan University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Rhizodeposits in rice paddy soil are important in global C sequestration and *** study explored the effects of elevated CO_(2) and N fertilization during the rice growing season on the subsequent mineralization and retention of rhizodeposit-C in soil aggregates after ***(Oryza sativa L.)was labeled with ^(13)CO_(2) under ambient(400 ppm)and elevated(800 ppm)CO_(2) concentrations with and without N *** harvest,soil with labeled rhizodeposits was collected,separated into three aggregate size fractions,and flood-incubated for 100 *** initial rhizodeposit-^(13)C content of N-fertilized microaggregates was less than 65%of that of non-fertilized *** the incubation of microaggregates separated from N-fertilized soils,3%–9%and 9%–16%more proportion of rhizodeposit-^(13)C was mineralized to ^(13)CO_(2),and incorporated into the microbial biomass,respectively,while less was allocated to soil organic carbon than in the non-fertilized *** CO_(2) increased the rhizodeposit-^(13)C content of all aggregate fractions by 10%–80%,while it reduced cumulative ^(13)CO_(2) emission and the bioavailable C pool size of rhizodeposit-C,especially in N-fertilized soil,except for the silt-clay *** also resulted in up to 23%less rhizodeposit-C incorporated into the microbial biomass of the three soil aggregates,and up to 23%more incorporated into soil organic *** results were relatively weak in the silt-clay *** CO_(2) and N fertilizer applied in rice growing season had a legacy effect on subsequent mineralization and retention of rhizodeposits in paddy soils after harvest,the extent of which varied among the soil aggregates.

关键词： Rice rhizodeposits Isotope labeling Aggregates Elevated carbon dioxide Nitrogen fertilizer

Nitrogen-regulated effects of free-air CO2 enrichment （FACE） on methane emissions from paddy rice fields

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Nitrogen-regulated effects of free-air CO2 enrichment （FACE...

中国气象学会2006年年会“大气成分与气候、环境变化”分会场

作者： KAZUHIKO KOBAYASHI kazuyuki inubushi KLAUS BUTTERBACH-BAHL National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences 3-1-3 Kannondai Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8604 Japan Chiba University 648 Matsudo Matsudo Chiba 271-8510 Japan Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Research Center Krueckbahnstrasse 19 D-82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Germany

Using the free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) techniques, we carried out a three-year mono-factorial experiment in temperate paddy rice fields of Japan (1998-2000) and a three-year multi-factorial experime

关键词： Methane, Free-air CO2 enrichment, FACE, Carbon dioxide, Emission, Rice paddy, Wetland, Nitrogen, Organic carbon, Greenhouse gas

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一种定量测定水稻土中可分解有机质的新方法

土壤学进展 1988年第2期 56-56页

作者： kazuyuki.inubushi 王平

长期以来,人们认为可解性有机质(DOM)与水稻土的肥力密切相关,因而一直在进行深入的研究.但是,DOM至今还是一个模糊的概念,缺乏定量的描述。为了全面了解DOM,我们设置了三个试验,1,DOM分解作用的动力学,2,DOM含量与有机氮含量之间的关系... 详细信息

长期以来,人们认为可解性有机质(DOM)与水稻土的肥力密切相关,因而一直在进行深入的研究.但是,DOM至今还是一个模糊的概念,缺乏定量的描述。为了全面了解DOM,我们设置了三个试验,1,DOM分解作用的动力学,2,DOM含量与有机氮含量之间的关系,3,叶绿素类化合

关键词：叶绿素化合物水稻土稻田土壤耕作土壤 DOM 有机质

Influence of vegetation types and soil properties on microbial biomass carbon and metabolic quotients in temperate volcanic and tropical forest soils

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Influence of vegetation types and soil properties on microbi...

Direct imaging of shock wave splitting in diamond at Mbar pressure

第三世界生态高峰会

作者： inubushi K. Faculty of Horliculture.Chiba University Japan

To date our knowledge is limited about the differences of soil carbon availability and metabolic quotient in natural temperate volcanic and tropical forest soils,and associated *** soils at depths were sampled under a tropical rainforest and adjacent tea garden after clear-cutting,and under three natural temperate forests developed on a volcanic soil（*** crmanii and Picca jezoensis,and Pinus koraiensis mixed mainly with Tilia amarensis,Fraxinas mandshurica and Quereus mongolica）,to study soil microbial biomass carbon（MBC） concentration and metabolic quotients（qCO,COC/biomaas-C）under the same laboratory *** MBC concentration and CO evolution was measured during a 7-d and 21-d oxic incubation, respectively,along with main properties of the *** the basis of soil total C,both CO evolution and MBC concentrations appeared to decrease with increasing soil *** was a maximal qCO in 0-2.5 cm soil under each forest *** incubations did not affect the CO evolution rates,but induced a significant difference in MBC concentration and qCO in tea soil and Picea jezoensis forest *** conversion of a tropical rainforest to a tea garden reduced the CO evolution and increased the qCO in *** selected temperate and tropical forests,it was indicated that both Pinus koraiensis mixed with hardwoods and rainforest soil at less than 20 cm depth had a larger MBC concentration relative to soil total carbon,and a lower qCO during both incubations,suggesting that microbial communities in both soils were more efficient in carbon use than communities in the other *** and regression analysis indicated that 85% variations of qCO in forest soils can be explained by soil properties such as C:N ratio,water soluble organic C and exchangeable AI *** qCO values in forest soils,particularly in temperate volcanic forest roils,decreased with increasing the Al/C ratio of water soluble organic *** properties such as ex

关键词： Influence of vegetation types and soil properties on microbial biomass carbon and metabolic quotients in temperate volcanic and tropical forest soils

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第6期8卷 90-100页

作者： Sergey Makarov Sergey Dyachkov Tatiana Pikuz Kento Katagiri Hirotaka Nakamura Vasily Zhakhovsky Nail Inogamov Victor Khokhlov Artem Martynenko Bruno Albertazzi Gabriel Rigon Paul Mabey Nicholas JHartley Yuichi inubushi Kohei Miyanishi Keiichi Sueda Tadashi Togashi Makina Yabashi Toshinori Yabuuchi Takuo Okuchi Ryosuke Kodama Sergey Pikuz Michel Koenig Norimasa Ozaki Joint Institute for High Temperatures of Russian Academy of Sciences 13/2 Izhorskaya St.125412 MoscowRussia Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiative Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Graduate School of Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0817Japan Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka UniversitySuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences 1-A Akademika Semenova Ave.ChernogolovkaMoscow Region 142432Russia LULI CNRSCEAEcole PolytechniqueUPMCUniversite Paris 06:Sorbonne UniversitesInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Graduate School of Science Nagoya UniversityChikusa KuNagoyaAichi 4648602Japan Department of Physics Experimental Biophysics and Space SciencesFreie Universitat BerlinArnimallee 1414195 BerlinGermany SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory 2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCalifornia 94025USA Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute SayoHyogo 679-5198Japan RIKEN SPring-8 Center SayoHyogo 679-5148Japan Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto UniversityYoshida-honmachiSakyo-kuKyoto 606-8501Japan

Understanding the behavior of matter at extreme pressures of the order of a megabar(Mbar)is essential to gain insight into various physical phenomena at macroscales—the formation of planets,young stars,and the cores of super-Earths,and at microscales—damage to ceramic materials and high-pressure plastic transformation and phase transitions in *** dynamic compression of solids up to Mbar pressures,even a solid with high strength exhibits plastic properties,causing the induced shock wave to split in two:an elastic precursor and a plastic shock *** phenomenon is described by theoretical models based on indirect measurements of material *** advent of x-ray free-electron lasers(XFELs)has made it possible to use their ultrashort pulses for direct observations of the propagation of shock waves in solid materials by the method of phase-contrast ***,there is still a lack of comprehensive data for verification of theoretical models of different ***,we present the results of an experiment in which the evolution of the coupled elastic-plastic wave structure in diamond was directly observed and studied with submicrometer spatial resolution,using the unique capabilities of the x-ray free-electron laser(XFEL).The direct measurements allowed,for the first time,the fitting and validation of the 2D failure model for diamond in the range of several *** experimental approach opens new possibilities for the direct verification and construction of equations of state of matter in the ultra-high-stress range,which are relevant to solving a variety of problems in high-energy-density physics.

关键词： shock wave solids