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A review of C_1 chemistry synthesis using yttrium-stabilized zirconia catalyst

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Journal of Rare Earths 2008年第1期26卷 1-6页

作者： antonius indarto Jae-Wook Choi Hwaung Lee Hyung Keun Song Plasma-Catalyst Chemical Process

C1 chemistry based on synthesis gas, methane, and carbon dioxide offers many routes to industrial chemicals. The reactions related to the synthesis of gas can be classified into direct and indirect approach for making such products, such as acetic acid, dimethyl ether, and alcohol. Catalytic syngas processing is currently done at high temperatures and pressures, conditions that could be unfavorable for the life of the catalyst. Another issue of C1 chemistry is related to the methane-initiated process. It has been known that direct methane conversions are still suffering from low yields and selectivity of products resulting in unprofitable ways to produce products, such as higher hydrocarbons, methanol, and so on. However, many experts and researchers are still trying to find the best method to overcome these barriers, for example, by finding the best catalyst to reduce the high-energy barrier of the reactions and conduct only selective catalyst-surface reactions. The appli- cation of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia （YSZ） and its combination with other metals for catalyzing purposes are increasing. The existence of an interesting site that acts as oxygen store could be the main reason for it. Moreover, formation of intermediate species on the surface of YSZ also contributes significantly in increasing the production of some specific products. Understanding the phenomena happening inside could be necessary. In this article, the use of YSZ for some C1 chemistry reactions was discussed and reviewed.

关键词： C1 chemistry methane synthesis gas methanol yttria-stabilized zirconia catalyst oxygen storage rare earths

Partial Oxidation of Methane with Sol-Gel Fe/Hf/YSZ Catalyst in Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Catalyst Activation by Plasma

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第5期24卷 513-518页

作者： antonius indarto Jae-Wook Choi Hwaung Lee Hyung Keun Song Jelliarko Palgunadi Clean Technology Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology KoreaDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University Korea Clean Technology Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Korea Hydrogen Energy Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Korea

A 1% Fe-30% Hf over yttria-stabilized zirconia catalyst in combination with novel plasma-assisted activation techniques for a direct partial oxidation of methane to methanol was tested using dielectric barrier discharge plasma at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. However, instead of methanol, the reaction products were dominated by HE, CO, CO2, C2, and H2O. A catalytically activated plasma process increased the production of methanol compared with a noncatalytic plasma process. The maximum selectivity of methanol production was achieved using a catalyst that was treated at higher applied power.

关键词： methane oxidation dielectric barrier discharge catalyst plasma activation rare earths

Methane Conversion Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Comparison with Thermal Process and Catalyst Effects

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2006年第2期15卷 87-92页

作者： antonius indarto Jae-Wook Choi Hwaung Lee Hyung Keun Song Korea Institute of Science and Technology Clean Technology Research CenterP.O. Box 131CheongryangSeoul 130-650Korea

The direct conversion of methane using a dielectric barrier discharge has been experimentally studied. Experiments with different values of flow rates and discharge voltages have been performed to investigate the effects on the conversion and reaction products both qualitatively and quantitatively. Experimental results indicate that the maximum conversion of methane has been 80% at an input flow rate of 5 ml/min and a discharge voltage of 4 kV. Experimental results also show that the optimum condition has occurred at a high discharge voltage and higher input flow rate. In terms of product distribution, a higher flow rate or shorter residence time can increase the selectivity for higher hydrocarbons. No hydrocarbon product was detected using the thermal method, except hydrogen and carbon. Increasing selectivity for ethane was found when Pt and Ru catalysts presented in the plasma reaction. Hydrogenation of acetylene in the catalyst surface could have been the reason for this phenomenon as the selectivity for acetylene in the products was decreasing.

关键词： plasma dielectric barrier discharge thermal process methane conversion catalyst

The kinetic studies of direct methane oxidation to methanol in the plasma process

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第18期53卷 2783-2792页

作者： indarto antonius CHOI Jae-Wook LEE Hwaung SONG Hyung Keun Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Korea UniversitySeoul 136-701KoreaClean Technology Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul 130-650 Korea Clean Technology Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 130-650 Korea Clean Technology Research Center Korea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoul 130-650Korea

The research outlined here includes a study of methanol production from direct methane conversion by means of thermal and plasma method. The kinetic study, derived from thermal-based approach, was carried out to investigate thoroughly the possible intermediate species likely to be presented in the process. A set of plasma experiments was undertaken by using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), classified as non-thermal plasma, done at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. Plasma proc- ess yields more methanol than thermal process at the same methane conversion rates and methane to oxygen feed ratios. Oxidation reaction of thermal process resulted CO and CO2 as the most dominant products and the selectivity reached 19% and 68%, respectively. Moreover, more CO and less CO2 were produced in plasma process than in thermal process. The selectivity of CO and CO2 by plasma was 47% and 20%, respectively. Ethane (C2H6) was detected as the only higher hydrocarbon with a signifi- cant concentration. The concentration of ethane reached 9% of the total products in plasma process and 17% in thermal process. The maximum selectivity of methanol, the target material of this research, was 12% obtained by plasma method and less than 5% by thermal process. In some certain points, the kinetic model closely matched with the experimental results.

关键词：等离子体热采方法部分氧化甲烷甲醇

Application of nanotechnologies in the energy sector： A brief and short review

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Frontiers in Energy 2013年第1期7卷 6-18页

作者： Ferric CHRISTIAN EDITH SELLY Dendy ADITYAWARMAN antonius indarto Department of Chemical Engineering Institut Teknologi BandungBandung 40132 Indonesia

Energy is of great because of its benefits as the importance in human life main resource for human activity. According to International Energy Agency （IEA）, energy demands are expected to continue increasing until 2030. Because energy demand will never decrease, it is necessary to develop modem technology, such as nano-based technology, in order to obtain a more effective and efficient process to produce more energy. The application of nano technology or nano material in the field of energy, which involves lithium-ion battery, fuel cell, light emitting diode （LED）, ultra-capacitor, and solar cell （including Graitzel cell）, is a hot topic in many scientific researches. Unfortunately, its current development is hampered by the expensive cost of production compared to conventional technologies. Therefore, priority should be given to nano technology in the energy sector order to obtain higher efficiency, lower production cost, and easier in its application.

关键词： nanotechnology energy batteries fuel cell Gratzel cell solar cell

Kinetic Modeling of Plasma Methane Conversion Using Gliding Arc

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2005年第1期14卷 13-21页

作者： antonius indarto Jae-Wook Choi Hwaung Lee Hyung Keun Song

Plasma methane (CH_4) conversion in gliding arc discharge was examined. Theresult data of experiments regarding the performance of gliding arc discharge were presented in thispaper. A simulation which is consisted some chemical kinetic mechanisms has been provided toanalyze and describe the plasma process. The effect of total gas flow rate and input frequencyrefers to power consumption have been studied to evaluate the performance of gliding arc plasmasystem and the reaction mechanism of decomposition. Experiment results indicated that the maximumconversion of CH_4 reached 50% at the total gas flow rate of 1 L/min. The plasma reaction wasoccurred at the atmospheric pressure and the main products were C (solid), hydrogen, and acetylene(C_2H_2). The plasma reaction of methane conversion was exothermic reaction which increased theproduct stream temperature around 30-50℃.

关键词： plasma gliding arc methane conversion reaction mechanism

Quantum mechanic study on cyclic molecul formation from ethynyl radical （C2H） and ethyne （C2H2）

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2009年第1期3卷 55-60页

作者： indarto antonius International R＆D Academy Seoul KIST PO BOX 131 Cheongryang South Korea

The first cyclic molecule formation reactions from ethyne （C2H2）, initiated by ethynyl radical （C2H）, were studied by theoretical quantum mechanic. The study included the competition reaction between structure re-arrangement for the favourable ring-closure mechanism and ethyne addition in each step. The analysis was done by evaluating the energy difference of activation （AE）, entalphy （AH）, Gibbs （AG） of the optimized stable and transition molecules. The reaction temperatures were set at normal （T = 298 K） and combustion （T = 1200 K） condition.

关键词： ethynyl radical ethyne quantum mechanic

Experimental study on the flow pattern and pressure gradient of air-water two-phase flow in a horizontal circular mini-channel

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2019年第1期31卷 102-116页

作者： Sudaija Aqli Haq Deendarlianto indarto Adhika Widyaparaga Departement of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Gadjah Mada UniversityYogyakartaIndonesia Centre for Energy Studies Gadjah Mada UniversitySekip K-1A Kampus UGMYogyakartaIndonesia Departement of Mechanical Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah YogyakartaYogyakartaIndonesia

Experimental studies on the flow pattern and the pressure gradient of gas-liquid co-current two-phase flow in a mini-channel were *** test section was a transparent circular channel of 1.6 mm inner *** working fluids were air and *** superficial velocities of gas and liquid were in the range of 0.025-66.300 m/s and 0.033-4.935 m/s,*** the present work,the flow pattern and the pressure gradient data were obtained by analyzing the flow images captured by a high-speed camera,and by using the pressure transducer,*** a result,it was found that (1) the obtained flow patterns were bubbly,plug,slug-annular,annular,and chum flows,(2) new experimental correlations on the bubble and plug lengths were proposed,whereas the lengths are the function of the homogeneous void fraction,(3) both gas and liquid superficial velocities affect proportionally to the pressure gradient,whereas it increases with the increase both of JG,*** addition,the obtained flow patterns are in a good agreement with that of the available flow pattern maps in the open literatures,such as,Triplett et al.(1999) and Chung and Kawaji (2004).

关键词： Two-phase flow mini channel flow pattern pressure gradient plug length

Novel genetic variants of transferrin receptor 2 exon 4 and cytokines profile of anemic and nonanemic pregnant women in Central Java, Indonesia

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2020年第1期9卷 16-21页

作者： Dono indarto Budiyanti Wiboworini Amelya A.Ayusari Arisanty N.Restuti Isnar N.Alfiyah Aniki Puspita Yohanes C.Wibowo Yoga M.Pratama Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas Sebelas MaretSurakartaIndonesia Postgraduate Program of Nutrition Sciences Universitas Sebelas MaretSurakartaIndonesia Department of Nutrition Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversitas Sebelas MaretSurakartaIndonesia Biomedical Laboratory Faculty of MedicineUniversitas Sebelas MaretSurakartaIndonesia Health Program State Polytechnics of JemberEast JavaIndonesia Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of MedicineJenderal Soedirman UniversityPurwokertoIndonesia

Objective:To assess the association between genetic variants of transferrin receptor 2(TFR2)exon 4 and anemia status and to describe the expression levels of several cytokines,hepcidin,soluble transferrin receptor and ***:Institutional based comparative study was done randomly to recruit 106 pregnant women who attended antenatal care in three different health centers in Boyolali Regency,Central Java from May 2015 to September *** was extracted from peripheral blood samples of selected pregnant women and sequencing was done for TFR2 exon ***,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure the expression levels of interleukin 6,interleukin 4,transforming growth factorβand iron-metabolism related proteins such as hepcidin,soluble transferrin receptor,and *** alignment was performed by using a CLUSTAL W *** data were analyzed statistically by using parametric and nonparametric tests with Statistical Product and Service Solutions(SPSS)20.0 for ***:Three novel genetic variants from TFR2 exon 4(position 603,605 and 606)were associated with anemia ***,the expression levels of interleukin 6,interleukin 4,transforming growth factorβand erythropoietin were higher in anemic pregnant women than those of nonanemic pregnant women but only erythropoietin level reached statistical *** results were followed by decreases of hepcidin and soluble transferrin receptor ***:Various factors contribute to anemia prevalence among pregnant women in Boyoali Regency,Central Java,*** novel findings showed that TFR2 exon 4 has 3 mutational sites in position 603,605 and *** novel genetic variants may provide a new insight into the role of TFR2 in anemia.

关键词： Cytokines Iron deficiency anemia Pregnancy Transferrin receptor 2 mutation