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Leading directions and effective distance of larch offspring dispersal at the upper treeline in the Northern and Polar Urals, Russia

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 603-617页

作者： P.A.Moiseev V.L.Semerikov T.V.Semerikova D.S.balakin i.b.vorobiev S.O.Viuykhin institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural BranchRussian Academy of SciencesEkaterinburg620144Russia Center for Genetics and Life Science Sirius University of Science and Technology354340SochiRussia

Climate has changed sufficiently over the last 150 years and forced out upper treeline advance at the most studied sites around the *** rate of advance has been extremely variable–from tens to hundreds meters in *** is because the degree at which tree frontal populations respond to climate change depends on the complex interaction of biological and physical *** resulting stand pattern is the consequence of the interaction between dispersal and survival functions.A few publications have addressed the question of how this pattern is *** order to understand how the spatial structure of tree stands was formed at the upper limit of their distribution in the Ural Mountains,we assessed the distance and direction of dispersal of offspring from maternal *** found that in frontal Larix sibirica ***,‘effective’dispersal of offspring ranges from 3 to 758 m(with a median of 20–33 m in open forest and 219 m in single-tree tundra in the Polar Urals and 107 m in open forest in the Northern Urals).We revealed that most of the offspring effectively dispersed not only in the direction of the prevailing winds,but also in the opposite direction up the slope,and the distance can reach 500–760 *** data obtained can be used to develop an individual-based model which is capable of simulating in detail the dynamics of tree stands at the upper limit of their growth and reliably predicting the future position and pattern of treeline ecotone as growth conditions continue to improve in the face of observed climate change.

关键词： Effective dispersal distance Upper treeline Parentage analysis Age estimation Terrestrial laser scanning Larix sibirica Ural mountains

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A Comparative Study on Antiradical and Antimicrobial Properties of Red Grapes Extracts Obtained from Different <i>Vitis vinifera</i>Varieties

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第10期3卷 1420-1432页

作者： Nada El Darra Joanna Tannous Paulette bou Mouncef James Palge Joseph Yaghi Eugène vorobiev Nicolas Louka Richard G. Maroun Chateau KSARA S.A.L Ksara Békaa Valley Lebanon. Unité de biochimie and Centre d’Analyse et de Recherche Faculté des Sciences Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth 1107 2050 Beirut Lebanon Université de Technologie de Compiègne Département de Génie chimique Unité Transformations Intégrées de la Matière Renouvelable Centre de Recherche de Royallieu B.P. 20529-60205 Compiègne Cedex France

The present work is devoted to the study of antiradical and antimicrobial activities of phenolic compounds extracted from different grapevine varieties grown in the bekaa plane-Lebanon. The amount of phenolic compounds in selected grape extracts was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteau method. Phenolic composition was specified by high performance liquid chromatography. Free radical scavenging activity was examined by using the (2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl) DPPH assay. The potential antimicrobial activity was studied using a new quantitative method developed during this work. This activity was tested against several microbial pathogens, including a Gram-positive strain (Listeria monocytogenes), two Gram-negative strains (Escherichia coli and Salmonella arizonae) and a fungal strain (Candida albicans). According to the results of the present screening study, a great variability in the composition of phenolic com-pounds in red grape extracts was detected. All phenolic compounds extracts, demonstrated important scavenging properties and antimicrobial effect against bacterial and fungal strains. Yet, a different response degree was noticed depending on the tested microorganism and the phenolic composition of grape extracts. Antimicrobial activity was more effective against Gram-positive than Gram-negative and yeast strains. Furthermore, our results highlighted a significant role of synergistic effect between various phenolic compounds in the free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities.

关键词： Phenolic Compounds DPPH HPLC-DAD Antimicrobial Antiradical Grapevines and Synergistic Effect

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