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Particuology 2024年第7期90卷 364-382页

作者： Barış Gürel Gülşah Karaca Dolgun Osman ipek Ali Keçebaş Department of Mechanical Engineering Engineering FacultySüleyman Demirel UniversityÇünürIspartaTurkey Department of Energy Systems Engineering Technology FacultyMuğla SıtkıKoçman UniversityKötekliMenteşeMuğlaTurkey

This study delves into the combustion behavior of various lignite types within a circulating fluidized bed boiler(CFBB),with a primary focus on the impact of different bed material sphericity ratios(0.5,0.7,and 0.9).Utilizing bed material with a sphericity ratio of 0.9 sourced from theÇan power plant and verified through experimentation,the research reveals several key ***,furnace temperatures tended to rise with higher sphericity ratios,albeit with variations between lignite types,particularly highlighting the complexity of this relationship in the case of GLi-Tunçbilek *** levels in the combustion chamber remained consistent across different sphericity ratios,indicating minimal influence on pressure *** combustion efficiency,especially at the bottom of the boiler,was observed at lower sphericity levels(0.5 and 0.7)forÇan lignite,as reflected in CO_(2) mole *** NO_(x) emissions generally decreased with lower sphericity,the sensitivity to sphericity varied by lignite type,with ilgın lignite showcasing low NO_(x) but high SO_(2) emissions,underscoring the intricate interplay between lignite properties,sphericity,and ***,this study advances our understanding of CFBB combustion dynamics,offering insights valuable for optimizing performance and emissions control,particularly in lignite-based power.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed boiler Computational particle fluid dynamics method Particle sphericity ratios NO_(x)and SO_(2)emissions Energy production efficiency

Cancer-associated fibroblasts express CD1d and activate invariant natural killer T cells under cellular stress

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2024年第1期21卷 91-94页

作者： Shengduo Pei Jonas Sjölund Yueyun Pan Kristian Pietras Mikael C.i.Karlsson Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell BiologyKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Division of Translational Cancer Research Department of Laboratory MedicineLund University Cancer CentreLund UniversityLundSweden

invariant natural killer T(iNKT)cells are part of the family of unconventional T cells,and they recognize glycolipid antigens presented on the MHC class i like molecule CD1^([1]).in humans there are five CD1 molecules named CD1a to CD1e,whereas mice use only CD1d for lipid ***,iNKT cells can elicit both cytotoxicity similarly to conventional CD8 T cells and secrete cytokines that influence the adaptive immune response including providing direct T cell help to B cells^([2]).in the context of tumors,they can use both release of granzyme B and use Fas-mediated mechanisms for killing of tumor *** iNKT cells use a restricted TCR repertoire and CD1 molecules are non-heterogenous the risk of graft vs host disease is limited and thus these T cells have been an attractive option for off the shelf immunotherapy to treat cancer^([3]).

关键词： killer CD1d Cancer

Mesenchymal stem cell secretome: A promising therapeutic strategy for erectile dysfunction?

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 391-405页

作者： Ria Margiana Younes Pilehvar Fatkhurrohmah LAmalia Silvia WLestari Supardi Supardi Reny i’tishom Department of Anatomy Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Master’s Programme Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Andrology Program Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabayaIndonesia Dr.Soetomo General Academic Hospital SurabayaIndonesia indonesia General Academic Hospital DepokIndonesia Ciptomangunkusumo General Academic Hospital JakartaIndonesia Cellular and Molecular Research Center Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research InstituteUrmia University of Medical ScienceUrmiaIran Dr.Kariadi Hospital SemarangIndonesia Department of Medical Biology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas IndonesiaJakartaIndonesia Department of Biomedical Science Faculty of MedicineUniversitas Airlangga SurabayaIndonesia

Objective:The secretome,comprising bioactive chemicals released by mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),holds therapeutic promise in regenerative *** review aimed to explore the therapeutic potential of the MSC secretome in regenerative urology,particularly for treating erectile dysfunction(ED),and to provide an overview of preclinical and clinical research on MSCs in ED treatment and subsequently to highlight the rationales,mechanisms,preclinical investigations,and therapeutic potential of the MSC secretome in this ***:The review incorporated an analysis of preclinical and clinical research involving MSCs in the treatment of ***,it delved into the existing knowledge regarding the MSC secretome,exploring its therapeutic *** methods included a comprehensive examination of relevant literature to discern the processes underlying the therapeutic efficacy of the MSC secretome.

关键词： Erectiledysfunction Mesenchymal stem cell Mesenchymal stem cell secretome Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome

A review of control strategies used for morphing aircraft applications

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 436-463页

作者： Muhammed S.PARANCHEERiViLAKKATHiL Jafar S.PiLAKKADAN Rafic M.AJAJ Mohammadreza AMOOZGAR Davood ASADi Yahya ZWEiRi Michael i.FRiSWELL Department of Aerospace Engineering Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Aerospace Engineering Advanced Research and Innovation Center(ARIC)Khalifa University of Science and TechnologyAbu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Department of Mechanical Materials&Manufacturing EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72RDUK Department of Aerospace Engineering Adana Alparslan Turkes Science and Technology UniversityTurkey College of Engineering Swansea UniversitySwansea SA18ENUK

This paper reviews the various control algorithms and strategies used for fixed-wing morphing aircraft applications. it is evident from the literature that the development of control algorithms for morphing aircraft technologies focused on three main areas. The first area is related to precise control of the shape of morphing concepts for various flight conditions. The second area is mainly related to the flight dynamics, stability, and control aspects of morphing aircraft. The third area deals mainly with aeroelastic control using morphing concepts either for load alleviation purposes and/or to control the instability boundaries. The design of controllers for morphing aircraft/wings is very challenging due to the large changes that can occur in the structural, aerodynamic, and inertial characteristics. in addition, the type of actuation system and actuation rate/speed can have a significant effect on the design of such controllers. The aerospace community is in strong need of such a critical review especially as morphing aircraft technologies move from fundamental research at a low Technology Readiness Level(TRL) to real-life applications. This critical review aims to identify research gaps and propose future directions. in this paper, research activities/papers are categorized according to the control strategy used. This ranges from simple Proportional integral Derivative(PiD) controllers at one end to complex robust adaptive controllers and deep learning algorithms at the other end. This includes analytical, computational, and experimental studies. in addition, the various dynamic models used and their fidelities are highlighted and discussed.

关键词： Control strategies Morphing aircraft Shape morphing Flight dynamics Aeroelasticity

Photosynthetic response to a winter heatwave in leading and trailing edge populations of the intertidal red alga Corallina officinalis (Rhodophyta)

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ACTA OCEANOLOGiCA SiNiCA 2024年第7期43卷 70-77页

作者： Kolzenburg, Regina Ragazzola, Federica Tamburello, Laura Nicastro, Katy R. Mcquaid, Christopher D. Zardi, Gerardo i. Umea Univ Umea Marine Sci Ctr S-90571 Norrbyn Sweden Univ Portsmouth Inst Marine Sci Portsmouth PO49LY England Genova Marine Ctr Stn Zool Anton Dohrn I-16126 Genoa Italy Sicily Marine Ctr Stn Zool Anton Dohrn I-90149 Palermo Italy Rhodes Univ Dept Zool & Entomol ZA-6139 Makhanda South Africa Univ Algarve Ctr Marine Sci P-8005139 Faro Portugal Univ Lille Lab Oceanol & Geosci F-59000 Lille France Univ Caen Normandie Lab Biol Organismes & Ecosyst Aquat F-14032 Caen France

Marine heatwaves (MHWs) caused by anthropogenic climate change are becoming a key driver of change at the ecosystem level. Thermal conditions experienced by marine organisms across their distribution, particularly towards the equator, are likely to approach their physiological limits, resulting in extensive mortality and subsequent changes at the population level. Populations at the margins of their species' distribution are thought to be more sensitive to climate-induced environmental pressures than central populations, but our understanding of variability in fitness-related physiological traits in trailing versus leading-edge populations is limited. in a laboratory simulation study, we tested whether two leading (iceland) and two trailing (Spain) peripheral populations of the intertidal macroalga Corallina officinalis display different levels of maximum potential quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) resilience to current and future winter MHWs scenarios. Our study revealed that ongoing and future local winter MHWs will not negatively affect leading-edge populations of C. officinalis, which exhibited stable photosynthetic efficiency throughout the study. Trailing edge populations showed a positive though non-significant trend in photosynthetic efficiency throughout winter MHWs exposure. Poleward and equatorward populations did not produce significantly different results, with winter MHWs having no negative affect on Fv/Fm of either population. Additionally, we found no long-term regional or population-level influence of a winter MHWs on this species' photosynthetic efficiency. Thus, we found no statistically significant difference in thermal stress responses between leading and trailing populations. Nonetheless, C. officinalis showed a trend towards higher stress responses in southern than northern populations. Because responses rest on a variety of local population traits, they are difficult to predict based solely on thermal pressures.

关键词： marginal population coralline algae climate change ecophysiology photophysiology macroalgae Fv/Fm TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE THERMAL LiMiTS CLiMATE-CHANGE ACCLiMATiON ADAPTATiON PATTERNS BiODiVERSiTY BiOGEOGRAPHY EVOLUTiON ECOLOGY

Catalytic co-combustion of biomass and brown coal in a fluidized bed:Economic and environmental benefits

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第6期140卷 24-36页

作者： Yury V.Dubinin Nikolay A.Yazykov Petr M.Yeletsky Roman B.Tabakaev Aleksandra i.Belyanovskaya Vadim A.Yakovlev Federal Research Center Boreskov institute of Catalysis SB RAS Lavrentiev Ave.5Novosibirsk630090Russia University of Tyumen Volodarskogo str.6Tyumen625003Russia

The work is devoted to the study of combustion of brown coal,pine sawdust,and their mixtures in a fluidized bed of catalyst at 600-750℃.it is shown that an increase in the content of sawdust in a mixture with brown coal leads to an increase in the burnout degree of solid fuel from 94.4%to 99.9%,while the emission of greenhouse gases in the form of CO_(2)CO and NOxis reduced(CO_(2)from the biomass is not included in the balance).The high content of alkaline earth metal oxides(CaO and MgO)in the mineral part of brown coal,sawdust,and their mixtures eliminates the emission of sulfur oxides and the slagging of heat-exchange surfaces during the combustion in a fluidized bed of *** optimal temperature,when the highest burnout degree of the above fuels is achieved in the combustion is 750℃.it is also shown that the increase in temperature and the content of sawdust in the composition of the fuel mixtures has a positive effect on the economic and environmental process indicators.

关键词： Co-combustion Fluidized catalyst bed Biomass Coal Economic effect Environmental impact

Are school uniforms associated with gender inequalities in physical activity? A pooled analysis of population-level data from 135 countries/regions

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 590-598页

作者： Mairead Ryan Luiza i.C.Ricardo Nicole Nathan Riikka Hofmann Esther van Sluijs Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit University of CambridgeCambridge CB20QQUK Faculty of Education University of CambridgeCambridge CB28PQUK Hunter New England Population Health WallsendNSW 2287Australia School of Medicine and Public Health College of HealthMedicine and WellbeingUniversity of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia Hunter Medical Research institute New Lambton HeightsNSW 2305Australia National Centre of implementation Science University of NewcastleCallaghanNSW 2308Australia

Purpose:it is aimed to assess whether school uniforms are associated with population-level gender inequalities in physical activity,and whether associations differ by school level,country/region income,and assessment ***:An ecological study design was *** collected data about global uniform practices using an online *** searched for country/region-level estimates of school-aged youth meeting physical activity guidelines from international surveillance *** selection was conducted in duplicate using a systematic process,and a random sample of all data was checked to ensure extraction and pooling processes were *** calculated absolute and relative gender inequalities in physical activity for each *** regression examined associations between country/region-level uniform practices(binary yes/no exposure variable) and country/region-level gender inequalities in physical activity guideline compliance(absolute and relative inequalities).We investigated moderation by school level,stratified analyses by income group,and repeated primary analyses using device-measured ***:Pooling data from 135 countries/regions(n=1,089,852),we found no association between population-level uniform practices and gender inequalities in physical activity across all ages(absolute:β=-0.2;95% confidence interval(95%Ci):-1.7 to 1.3,p=0.74;relative:β=0.1;95%Ci:-0.1 to 0.2,p=0.51).Subgroup analysis suggested a positive association in primary school settings(absolute:β=4.3;95%Ci:-0.0 to 8.6,p=0.05).Among high-income countries,absolute inequalities were significantly greater in countries/regions with uniform practices(N=37) compared to those without(N=48)(9.1(SD=3.6) vs.7.8 percentage points(SD=4.3)).Repeating analyses using device-measured data(n=32,130;N=24) did not alter our primary *** initial descriptive statistics,we found that in countries/regions where a maj ority of schools(>50%) reportedly use uniforms,there was lower compli

关键词： School policy Clothing Child Adolescent Accelerometer

Synthesis of linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly(acrylic acid)-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite as an adsorbent for removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from aqueous solutions

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 9-20页

作者： Maryam irani Hanafi ismail zulkifli Ahmad Maohong Fan School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering USM Engineering Campus Universiti Sains Malaysia Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering University of Wyoming

The purpose of this work is to remove Pb（ii） from the aqueous solution using a type of hydrogel composite. A hydrogel composite consisting of waste linear low density polyethylene, acrylic acid, starch, and organo-montmorillonite was prepared through emulsion polymerization method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTiR）, Solid carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy（CNMR））, silicon-29 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy（Si NMR））, and X-ray diffraction spectroscope（（XRD） were applied to characterize the hydrogel composite. The hydrogel composite was then employed as an adsorbent for the removal of Pb（ii） from the aqueous solution. The Pb（ii）-loaded hydrogel composite was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTiR））,scanning electron microscopy（SEM））, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（（XPS））. From XPS results, it was found that the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups of the hydrogel composite participated in the removal of Pb（ii）. Kinetic studies indicated that the adsorption of Pb（ii）followed the pseudo-second-order equation. it was also found that the Langmuir model described the adsorption isotherm better than the Freundlich isotherm. The maximum removal capacity of the hydrogel composite for Pb（ii） ions was 430 mg/g. Thus, the waste linear low-density polyethylene-g-poly（acrylic acid）-co-starch/organo-montmorillonite hydrogel composite could be a promising Pb（ii） adsorbent.

关键词： Hydrogel Waste polymers Organo clay Heavy metal ions Adsorption mechanism

Optimization of aerodynamic efficiency for twist morphing MAV wing

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2014年第3期27卷 475-487页

作者： N.i.ismail A.H.zulkifli M.Z.Abdullah M.Hisyam Basri Norazharuddin Shah Abdullah Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA Shah Alam 40450 Malaysia School of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Nibong Tebal 14300 Malaysia School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia Engineering Campus Nibong Tebal 14300Malaysia

Twist morphing （TM） is a practical control technique in micro air vehicle （MAV） flight. However, TM wing has a lower aerodynamic efficiency （CL/CD） compared to membrane and rigid wing. This is due to massive drag penalty created on TM wing, which had overwhelmed the succes- sive increase in its lift generation. Therefore, further CL/CDmax optimization on TM wing is needed to obtain the optimal condition for the morphing wing configuration. in this paper, two-way fluid- structure interaction （FSi） simulation and wind tunnel testing method are used to solve and study the basic wing aerodynamic performance over （non-optimal） TM, membrane and rigid wings. Then, a multifidelity data metamodel based design optimization （MBDO） process is adopted based on the Ansys-DesignXplorer frameworks. in the adaptive MBDO process, Kriging metamodel is used to construct the final multifidelity CL/CD responses by utilizing 23 multi-fidelity sample points from the FSi simulation and experimental data. The optimization results show that the optimal TM wing configuration is able to produce better CL/CDmax magnitude by at least 2% than the non-optimal TM wings. The flow structure formation reveals that low TV strength on the optimal TM wing induces low CD generation which in turn improves its overall CL/CDmax performance.

关键词： Aerodynamics Fluid structure interaction Micro air vehicle Optimization Twist morphing

Computational aerodynamic analysis on perimeter reinforced(PR)-compliant wing

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2013年第5期26卷 1093-1105页

作者： N.i.ismail A.H.zulkifli M.Z.Abdullah M.Hisyam Basri Norazharuddin Shah Abdullah Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi MARA40450 Shah AlamSelangorMalaysia School of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering Campus14300 Nibong TebalPenangMalaysia School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains MalaysiaEngineering Campus14300 Nibong TebalPenangMalaysia

Abstract implementing the morphing technique on a micro air vehicle （MAV） wing is a very chal- lenging task, due to the MAWs wing size limitation and the complex morphing mechanism. As a result, understanding aerodynamic characteristics and flow configurations, subject to wing structure deformation of a morphing wing MAV has remained obstructed. Thus, this paper presents the investigation of structural deformation, aerodynamics performance and flow formation on a pro- posed twist morphing MAV wing design named perimeter reinforced （PR）-compliant wing. The numerical simulation of two-way fluid structure interaction （FSi） investigation consist of a quasi- static aeroelastic structural analysis coupled with 3D incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier- Stokes and shear-stress-transport （RANS-SST） solver utilized throughout this study. Verification of numerical method on a rigid rectangular wing achieves a good correlation with available exper- imental results. A comparative aeroelastic study between PR-compliant to PR and rigid wing per- formance is organized to elucidate the morphing wing performances. Structural deformation results show that PR-compliant wing is able to alter the wing＇s geometric twist characteristic, which has directly influenced both the overall aerodynamic performance and flow structure behavior. Despite the superior lift performance result, PR-compliant wing also suffers from massive drag penalty, which has consequently affected the wing efficiency in general. Based on vortices investigation, the results reveal the connection between these aerodynamic performances with vortices formation on PR-comoliant wing.

关键词： Aerodynamics Aeroelasticity Fluid structure interaction Micro air vehicle (MAV) Morphing wing