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Blood biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease:important considerations for use in clinical practice

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 205-206页

作者： Sarah Fullam Sean o’Dowd Antoinette o’Connor Department of Neurology Tallaght University HospitalDublinIreland Academic Unit of Neurology Trinity College DublinIreland

introduction:Fluid and positron emission tomography(PET)biomarkers that enable the detection of the hallmark proteins of Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(amyloid and tau)have revolutionized our approach to the diagnosis of *** evolution of AD diagnostic criteria to include biological characterization(Alzheimer’s Association Working Group,2023)provides an appropriate framework to reduce levels of clinico-pathologic mismatch and improve in-vivo diagnostic *** the therapeutic landscape for neurodegenerative disease evolves,it is increasingly incumbent on clinicians to provide timely,and pathologically precise diagnoses for ***,the expensive and invasive nature of these tests limits their scalability.

关键词： Blood Alzheimer diagnosis

Dynamic stress concentration in an infinitely long cylindrical cavity due to a point spherical source embedded within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2025年第1期46卷 139-156页

作者： H.HoSSEiNi o.BALiLASHAKi Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringGolestan University

The effects of a harmonically exciting monopole source on an infinitely long cylindrical cavity embedded entirely within a fluid-saturated poroelastic formation of infinite extent are examined theoretically. it is assumed that the source is located outside the cavity at a specified distance from the borehole axis. The magnitudes of the hoop and radial stresses beside the pore pressures exerted on the interface and inside the porous medium surrounding the borehole are calculated and discussed. Biot's poroelastic modeling along with three types of boundary conditions for the cylindrical interface including the ideal fluid, empty borehole, and rigid inclusion with a hard boundary is employed for the analysis. Utilizing a proper translational addition theorem for expressing the incident spherical wave in terms of cylindrical wave expansions, the proposed boundary conditions at the interface are satisfied. Stresses are formulated by means of wave potential functions in a three-dimensional(3D) manner. The effects of the frequency and the radial distance between the source and borehole on the induced stresses are examined for the first cylindrical modes over frequency spectra. Two permeability conditions for the interface and three types of soils for the porous formation are considered throughout the analysis. To give an overall outline of the study, a numerical example is presented. The results clearly indicate that the distance is a key parameter and has considerable effects on the induced stress values. in addition, the interface permeability condition and soil characteristics play an important role in determining the dynamic response of the borehole. Finally,the obtained results are compared with the relevant analyses existing in the literature for some limit cases, and good agreement is achieved.

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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： ola M.Johannessen Tor i.olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. on 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. in general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing Co_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of Co_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic Minimum ice Climate

Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João B.Relvas institute of Research and innovation in Health(i3S)and institute for Molecular and Cell Biology(iBMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of Biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

Contribution of mechanical forces to structural synaptic plasticity:insights from 3D cellular motility mechanisms

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1995-1996页

作者： Rita o.Teodoro Mafalda Ribeiro Ramos Lara Carvalho iNoVA4Health NOVA Medical School|Faculdade de Ciências MédicasNMS|FCMUniversidade Nova de LisboaLisboaPortugal

Cells,tissues,and organs are constantly subjected to the action of mechanical forces from the extracellular environment-and the nervous system is no ***-intrinsic properties such as membrane lipid composition,abundance of mechanosensors,and cytoskeletal dynamics make cells more or less likely to sense these *** and extrinsic cues are integrated by cells and this combined information determines the rate and dynamics of membrane protrusion growth or retraction(Yamada and Sixt,2019).Cell protrusions are extensions of the plasma membrane that play crucial roles in diverse contexts such as cell migration and neuronal synapse *** the nervous system,neurons are highly dynamic cells that can change the size and number of their pre-and postsynaptic elements(called synaptic boutons and dendritic spines,respectively),in response to changes in the levels of synaptic activity through a process called *** plasticity is a hallmark of the nervous system and is present throughout our lives,being required for functions like memory formation or the learning of new motor skills(Minegishi et al.,2023;Pillai and Franze,2024).

关键词： plasticity structural mechanisms

Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher J.o’Connell Matthew J.Robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA James L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBi)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBis are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

Photon and Fast Neutron Transmission Parameters of Metakaolin Doped Concrete

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Journal of Building Material Science 2021年第2期3卷 58-66页

作者： o.i.olarinoye M.M.idris M.Kure Department of Physics Federeal University of TechnologyMinnaNigeria Department of Physics Nasarawa State UniversityKeffiNigeria

Radiation-shielding properties of metakaolin doped concrete samples were investigated in this *** gamma photon mass attenuation coefficients and exposure buildup factor of the samples were determined theoretically using WinXcom and EXABCal software respectively for the energy range of 15 keV-15 MeV and fast neutron removal cross section for the concrete sample was *** indicated that,oxides of silicon,aluminum,calcium and iron determined through the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometric analysis constitute more than 85%of the chemical composition of the concrete *** oxides contribute 85.46,86.47,87.55,88.75,and 86.15%of the total chemical oxides in MK00,MK05,MK10,MK15,and MK20 *** of the prepared MK doped concrete were in the range of 2.575-2.667 g/*** stress of prepared MK doped concretes increased consistently with the curing period for each concrete *** grew from 8.71-10.63,8.84-10.83,9.44-11.22,10.89-11.53,and 10.76-11.43 MPa for MK00,MK05,MK10,MK15,and MK20 respectively as the period extends from 7 to 28 *** attenuation coefficient decrease steadily with an increase in energy up to about 0.1 MeV and the decrease become smaller beyond this energy with increasing energy for all the *** neutron removal cross section results indicate that MK10(0.07693 cm-1)has the highest value ofΣR followed by MK15(0.07628 cm-1)and MK20(0.07537 cm-1)while MK00(0.07380 cm-1)and MK05(0.07404 cm-1)have approximately the same *** was found that MK10 concrete has the best gamma radiation and fast neutron shielding ability among the MK doped concrete under study.

关键词： Metakaoline Photons Thermal neutrons Concrete EXABCal

optimizing the defensive characteristics of mild steel via the electrodeposition of Zn-Si3N4 reinforcing particles

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2019年第4期15卷 526-532页

作者： i.G. Akande o.o. oluwole o.S.i. Fayomi Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Ibadan Ibadan Oyo state Nigeria Department of Mechanical Engineering Covenant University ota ogun state Nigeria Department of Chemical Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa

The effect of Zn-Si3 N4 deposition prepared via direct electrolytic co-deposition on mild steel was studied as a result its inherent vulnerability to corrosion in an aggressive environment and failure on the application of *** experiment was conducted varying the mass concentration of silicon nitride(Si3 N4)between 7 and 13 gat cell voltage of 0.3 and 0.5 V,at constant temperature of 45℃.The morphologies of the coated surfaces were characterized using high resolution Nikon optical Microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)revealing that the particles of the Zn-Si3 N4 were homogeneously *** corrosion behaviour was studied using potentiodynamic polarization technique in 3.65%NaCl solution and the microhardness was examined using Brinell hardness testing *** result of the corrosion experiment confirmed an improved corrosion resistance with a reduction in corrosion rate from 9.7425 mm/year to 0.10847 mm/year,maximum coating efficiency of 98.9%,maximum polarization resistance of 1555.3 Ω and a very low current density of 9.33 × 10-6A/*** negative shift in the Ecorr revealed the cathodic protective nature of the *** microhardness was also found to have increased from 137.9 HBN for the unmodified steel to a maximum value of 263.3 HBN for the0.5 Zn-13 Si3 N4 coated steel representing 90.9% increment in hardness as a result of the matrix grain refining and dispersion-strengthening ability of the incorporated Si3 N4 particles.

关键词： Polarization Corrosion Microhardness Coating Composite Matrix

B3Y-FETAL effective interaction in the folding analysis of elastic scattering of ^(16)o+^(16)o

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2021年第8期32卷 34-47页

作者： i.ochala J.o.Fiase Department of Physics Kogi State UniversityP.M.B 1008 AnyigbaNigeria Department of Physics Benue State UniversityMakurdiNigeria

in this paper,a new M3Y-type effective nucleon–nucleon interaction,derived based on the lowest order constrained variational approach(LoCV)and termed B3Y-Fetal,has been used in DDM3Y1,BDM3Y1,BDM3Y2,and BDM3Y3 density-dependent versions in a heavy ion(Hi)optical potential based on four types of a real folded potential and a phenomenological Woods–Saxon imaginary potential to study the elastic scattering of the^(16)o+^(16)o nuclear system within the framework of the optical model(oM)by computing the associated differential cross sections at various incident *** results of the folding analyses have shown the DDB3Y1-Fetal and BDB3Y1-Fetal,out of the four folded potentials,give a reasonably better description of the elastic data of the nuclear *** best-fit folded potentials are followed,in performance,by the BDB3Y2-Fetal,with the BDB3Y3-Fetal potential coming *** performance trend was also demonstrated by the optical potentials based on the M3Y-Reid ***,the best-fit folded potentials,renormalized by a factor NRof approximately 0.9,have been shown to reproduce the energy dependence of the real optical potential for^(16)o scattering found in previous optical model analyses creditably *** excellent agreement with previous works,they have also been identified in this work to belong to the family of deep refractive potentials because they have been able to reproduce and consistently describe the evolution of Airylike structures,at large scattering angles,observed in the^(16)o scattering data at different ***,a comparison of the performances of B3Y-Fetal and M3Y-Reid effective interactions undertaken in this work has shown impressive agreement between them.

关键词： B3Y-Fetal Folding analysis Elastic scattering optical model incident energies