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Significance of glacio-morphological factors in glacier retreat：a case study of part of Chenab basin,Himalaya

Journal of mountain Science 2017年第1期14卷 128-141页

作者： Rupal m.BRAHmBHATT i.m.bahuguna B.P RATHORE Anil V.KULKARNi Rajesh D.SHAH A.S.RAJAWAT Jeffrey S.KARGEL m.G. Science institute Ahmedabad - 380009 India Space Applications Centre ISRO Ahmedabad - 380015 India indian institute of Science Bangalore-560012 India Department of Hydrology & Water Resources University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA

A study has been carried out in part of Chenab basin,Himalaya to understand the relationship between glacio-morphological factors and change in glacial area. initially change in areal extent of glaciers was derived for two time frames(1962-2001/02 and 2001/02-2010/11). The study comprised of 324 glaciers for the monitoring period of 1962-2001/02 for,which 11% loss in glacial area was observed. Two hundred and thirty-eight glaciers were further monitored between 2001/02 and 2010/11. These glaciers showed an area loss of 1.1%. The annual deglaciation has been found to be higher during the period of 1962-2001/02 compared to 2001/02-2010/11. The spatial and temporal variability in deglaciation was also addressed usingglacio-morphic parameters. Area,length,percentage of debris cover,and various elevation parameters of glaciers were observed to have significant controls on relationships to the rate of glacial shrinkage. Largerarea and longer glaciers show a lower percentage of retreat than smaller and shorter ones. moreover,glaciers located at lower altitudes and having gentle slopes show more area retreat. The results of area retreat in debris covered and debris free glaciers supports that the glaciers covered by debris retard ice melting at some extent. 158 glaciers were observed having no debris cover,and these exhibit 14% of loss in surface area. in glaciers having 40% debris cover,8% of deglaciation was observed. The glaciers located below equilibrium line altitude(ELA) have experienced 4.6% of deglaciation for the time frame 2001/02 – 2010/11 whereas it was found to be 1.1% for the glaciers occurring above ELA. However,theorientation of glaciers did not show any considerable influence on glacial change based on hypothesis.

关键词： Glacier retreat Aspect Slope Altitude Debris cover Areal extent Climate change

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The Complex Phenomenon of Glaciers of Nubra Valley, Karakorum (Ladakh), india

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Natural Science 2014年第10期6卷 733-740页

作者： R. K. Ganjoo m. N. Koul i. m. bahuguna Ajai Department of Geography University of Jammu Jammu India institute of Himalayan Glaciology c/o Department of Geology University of Jammu Jammu India Space Applications Centre Ahmedabad India

The Nubra valley nestled in the Karakorum mountains of Ladakh houses about 600 glaciers of various dimensions out of which 114 glaciers were monitored in the first phase of study. The study of 114 glaciers suggests that small-sized glaciers outnumber the large-sized glaciers. Almost 52.6% of the studied glaciers are of the size less than 5 km and 31.5% of the total glaciers are between the size of 5 and 10 km. The 84 glaciers out of the 114 glaciers have been monitored on shortterm basis between the time period 1989 and 2001 whereas 30 glaciers have been monitored on long-term basis between 1969 and 2001. The monitoring of the glaciers is based on the study of Survey of india topographical sheets of 1969 and satellite imageries of time series between 1989 and 2001. The monitoring of thirty glaciers shows that 17 glaciers have lost their area between 1969 and 2001. The loss in area is from 2150 km2 in 1969 to 2026 km2 in 2001. The study of eighty- four glaciers on short-term basis between 1989 and 2001 suggests that 26 glaciers have retreated, 25 glaciers have advanced and 33 glaciers show no change during the time period. The changes in the glaciers of Nubra valley are varied and complex.

关键词： Nubra Valley indus Basin Karakorum Himalaya Ladakh Siachen Glacier

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Glacier Area Change over Past 50 Years to Stable Phase in Drass Valley, Ladakh Himalaya (india)

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American Journal of Climate Change 2016年第1期5卷 88-102页

作者： m. N. Koul i. m. bahuguna Ajai A. S. Rajawat Sadiq Ali Sumit Koul Department of Geography University of Jammu Jammu India Space Application Centre Ahmadabad India Department of Statistics University of Jammu Jammu India

Glaciers are dynamic reservoirs of constantly exchanging mass with parts of global hydrological system, process by which glaciers gain or lose snow and ice and establish a link between climate, glacier mass and glacier fluvial dynamics related directly to the behaviour of climate. Here, we report on glacier status over the past 50 years (1962-2013) on remotely-sensed volumetric changes of glaciers in Drass glacier basin, Ladakh mountain, North-West Himalaya. Drass basin houses 150 glaciers of different dimensions predominantly (nearly 75%) by small sized glaciers. The glaciers monitored on multi-temporal satellite images of the year’s 2001, 2013 for short-term basis, and, Survey of india topographic sheets of 1965 (surveyed in 1963) on long-term basis. machoi glacier has been selected for detailed study to assess health and fluctuation record on which observation has been made since the year 1875. The long-term monitoring (1965-2001) of 81 glaciers shows that 12.5% of glaciers have gained the area whereas 14% of large glaciers lost area 5% to 15%, and remaining 73% glaciers lost area marginally (m monitoring shows that 80% glaciers do not show any change in area;even large glaciers vacated 0.64% - 2.6% area and small glaciers 1.68% - 9% glacier area. The trends in annual, seasonal and monthly maximum/minimum temperature and precipitation (snowfall and rainfall) of Drass for period 1987-2013 show that two different patterns of weather conditions: 1988-2001, cold moist winters with dry summers, and 2002-2013, a period of long winters and cool and moist summers, corroborate with transitional phase of glacier behaviour. This phenomenon has resulted in incorporating no change in area of 80% of glacier (120 glaciers) and remaining 20 percentage of glaciers show marginal loss in area. The positive balance mass for last four years (2011-2014) in benchmark machoi glacier with cumulative specific balance +0.16 m w.e/km2/yr further indicates about the stabil

关键词： Climate Change Stability of Himalayan Glaciers Remote Sensing GiS Glacier mass Balance Benchmark Glacier

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Peculiar Characteristics of Fragmentation of Glaciers: A Case Study of Western Himalaya, india

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international Journal of Geosciences 2015年第4期6卷 455-463页

作者： Rupal m. Brahmbhatt B. P. Rathore Sandhyarani Pattnaik Purnesh Jani i. bahuguna R. D. Shah A. S. Rajawat m.G. Science institute Ahmedabad India Space Applications Centre ISRO Ahmedabad India Cept University Ahmedabad India

The areal extent of many Himalayan glaciers is decreasing where number of glaciers is increasing. This increasing number is subject to the fragmentation of limbs of main trunk glacier. However, disintegration of limbs is not observed in all the glacier system. This paper emphases the scenario of the fragmentation occurred in glaciers. Two glaciers from the two different basins have been taken into the consideration for this study. The peculiar characteristic of these glaciers is that, the tributary glaciers are showing less retreat in compare to main trunk glaciers. Due to this reason the rate of shift in snout is higher in main trunk glaciers than tributary glaciers. However, in recent data the tributary glaciers have experienced little higher loss in glacial ice than main glacier. But the shift of snout in main trunk glacier is no doubt surprising since past. Therefore, various parameters have been examined to identify the cause of such a behavior of glaciers. The common factors observed in both the glaciers are accumulation area ratio which is higher, snow line altitude which is lower in tributary glaciers for the period of 2005-2013. Another factor is the orientation as tributary glaciers are towards NE direction. in addition, slope of Dharlang glacier (main limb) is 4? where it is 18? in tributary glacier.

关键词： Fragmentation Detachment Glacier Retreat Himachal Pradesh

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印度的森林集体管理

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人类环境杂志 1994年第4期23卷 269-273页

作者： V.K.bahuguna Vinay Luthra B.m.S.Rathor 安逸印度林业局博帕尔印度森林管理研究所赫尔达林业局

森林等自然资源的保护没有当地群众的参与是不可能的。印度历史上素以人民群众参与管理自然资源而著称。然而,对森林资源来说情况并非如此,这里存在很多法律、社会和行政管理原因。1988年的新的《国家森林政策》清楚地指出,印度森林资... 详细信息

森林等自然资源的保护没有当地群众的参与是不可能的。印度历史上素以人民群众参与管理自然资源而著称。然而,对森林资源来说情况并非如此,这里存在很多法律、社会和行政管理原因。1988年的新的《国家森林政策》清楚地指出,印度森林资源的管理应当有当地群众的积极参与。印度政府1990年6月的决议中提到,要将森林科学知识融进当地人民的社会文化框架之内。许多邦政府都建立了村级森林保护委员会,中央邦就是其中的一个。本文对中央邦赫尔达林业局村级群众组织的功能进行评论,也包括如何处理公共财产资源管理问题。

关键词：印度森林集体管理自然资源

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Effects of cutting types and hormonal concentration on vegetative propagation of Zanthoxylum armatum in Garhwal Himalaya,india

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第2期28卷 419-423页

作者： Bhupendra Singh J.m.S.Rawat Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal UniversityP.O.Box-59SrinagarGarhwalUttarakhand 246 174India Department of Horticulture Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal UniversitySrinagarGarhwalUttarakhand 246 174India Department of Forestry College of Forestry and Hill AgricultureHill Campus RanichauriUttarakhand Universityof Horticulture and ForestryBharsarIndia

Experiments were carried out to define the effects of hormonal concentrations on semi-hard wood（SHW） and hard-wood（HW） branch cuttings of the ***. SHW and HW cuttings were collected in the month of march. The SHW and HW cuttings were treated with different concentration of indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid（iAA and iBA） and placed in vermiculite rooting medium for 90 days under 1-min misting after 10 min. Sprouting, rooting percentage, sprout number, sprout length, root number, and length were *** highest rooting and sprouting rate, 64.0 %, was obtained at the 0.3 % iBA treatment in the SHW *** sprout length and number of roots per cutting were also higher at the 0.3 % iBA treatment in the SHW cuttings. The number of shoots per cutting was higher at the 0.3 % iAA treatment in the SHW cuttings. Root length per cutting was higher in 0.4 % iBA treatment in the SHW cuttings. The results indicated that 0.3 and 0.4 % iBA treatment produce higher rooting percentages as well as the number of roots and their length in SHW cuttings. The HW cuttings produced maximum rate of 18.0 % rooting in0.5 % iBA treatment. The control set and lower concentrations of iBA and iAA completely failed to root in the mist chamber.

关键词： vegetative length Zanthoxylum roots indole cutting butyric branch shoot Root

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Ecological features of Aconitum balfourii (Bruhl) muk.-an endangered medicinal plant in the northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 145-150页

作者： Bhuwendra Singh R.S. Chauhan Rajiv K. Vashistha m. C. Nautiyal P. Prasad High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre. PO Box - 14 Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Central University Srinagar Srinagar - 246174 Uttarakhand India

Aconitum balfourii （Bruhl） muk. （Ranunculaceae） is an en- dangered medicinal plant. Natural populations were surveyed in the northwest Himalaya for population estimation and evaluation of elite germplasm. Vegetation sampling of quadrats was conducted using the vertical belt transect method in areas supporting A. balfourii. Plant den- sity and relative dominance ofA. balfourii were low compared with other alpine species. Threat status was determined on a site-by-site basis as well as for entire western Himalaya..4. balfourii was generally classified as endangered on the basis of geographic distribution and critically en- dangered on the basis of abundance. We found the natural geographic distribution of.4. balfourii to be diminishing due to habitat destruction. immediate corrective management measures are needed for sustainable utilization and long-term conservation of the species in the wild.

关键词： Endangered species medicinal plant soil analysis popula-tion estimation Ranunculaceae

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Characteristics of life-form and growth-form of plant species in an alpine ecosystem of North-West Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第4期22卷 501-506页

作者： R. K. Vashistha Neelam Rawat A. K. Chaturvedi B. P. Nautiyal P. Prasad m. C. Nautiyal High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre PO Box - 14 Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Srinagar(A Central University) Srinagar-246174 Uttarakhand India High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre PO Box - 14 Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University Srinagar (A Central University) Srinagar-246174 Uttarakhand India Department of Horticulture Aromatic and Medicinal Plants (HAMP) School of Earth Science and Natural Resources Management Mizoram University Tanhril-796 004 Aizawl India

The present study was conducted in the alpine pastures of Tungnath （30° 14＇ N and 79° 13＇ E） to observe life-form and growth-form patterns of alpine plant species under grazed and ungrazed conditions and to work out the plant life form spectrum. Species were categorized as plant habit, height and length of growth-cycle and life-form classes according to Raunkiaer＇s system. The results show that in total of 68 species at grazed site, hemicryptophytes （He） accounted for 50.00% species, followed by cryptophytes （26.47%）, chamaephytes （16.18%）, phanemphytes （4.41%） and therophytes （2.94%）. At the ungrazed site in 65 plant species, hemicryptophytes （He） accounted fo＇r 49.23% species, cryptophytes （26.15%）, chamaephytes （15.38%）, phanerophytes （6.15%） and ther6phytes （3.08 % species）. in general, hemicrptophyte are dominant^in both sites i.e. graged and ungrazed. Growth form categories were classified as forbs, shrubs, grasses and sedges＇and undershrubs, according to plant habit and height. On the basis of length of the growth cycle, species were categorized as plant species of short growth cycle, intermediate growth cycle and long growth cycle. The short forbs of plant habit and height, had the highest emergence, and grasses and sedges had the lowest emergence in representative species. Percentage of species with long growth cycle was highest in both sites.

关键词： Alpine biological spectrum growth form Himalaya life

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