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Arctic sea-ice extent: No record minimum in 2023 or recent years

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2025年第1期18卷 52-55页

作者： Ola M.Johannessen Tor i.Olaussen Nansen Scientific Society BergenNorway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center BergenNorway

Arctic sea-ice extent reaches its minimum each year in September. On 11 September 2023 the minimum was 4.969 million square kilometers(***^(2)). This was not a record low, which occurred in 2012, when the minimum was 4.175 ***^(2), 0.794 ***^(2) less than the minimum in 2023. However, the ice extent had decreased by 0.432 ***^(2) compared with 2022. Nevertheless, the summer melting in 2023 was remarkably less than expected when considering the strong heat waves in the atmosphere and ocean, with record temperatures set around the world. in general, there is a high correlation between the long-term decrease in sea-ice extent and the increasing CO_(2) in the atmosphere, where the increase of CO_(2) in recent decades explains about 80% of the decrease in sea ice in September, while the remainder is caused by natural variability.

关键词： Sea ice Arctic Minimum ice Climate

Coarse to Fine: The Role of Severe Plastic Deformation in Advancing Titanium-Based Medical implants - A Comprehensive Review

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 295-306页

作者： Dragana R Mihajlović Bojan i Međo ivana Lj Cvijović-Alagić Veljko R Djokić Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy University of BelgradeKarnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia Vinča institute of Nuclear Sci-ences-National institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade11001BeogradSerbia innovation Centre of the Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy Karnegijeva 411120 BelgradeSerbia

This paper describes severe plastic deformation(SPD)procedures,which are utilized to form an ultrafine-grained structure in metallic *** the SPD process,a solid material sample is subjected to very high loads without a significant change in sample *** the present work,the high-pressure torsion(HPT)process,as one of the SPD techniques,which achieves a high degree of deformation and ensures refinement of the microstructure,will be discussed in more *** that grain size control is accepted as a method to obtain materials with desired characteristics,an overview of the properties of ultrafine-grained titanium-based biomaterials to be used in medicine is ***,particular attention is dedicated to the influences of HPT process parameters,primarily hydrostatic pressure,and number of revolutions during torsion,on the grain size and physical and mechanical characteristics(modulus of elasticity,microhardness,and tensile properties),corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility of the titanium-based biomaterials.A review of the literature indicates that titanium-based materials obtained by the SPD process show improved mechanical and physical properties without losing biocompatibility and corrosion resistance,which suggests that these methods of obtaining implants are something that should be further developed in the future.

关键词： high-pressure torsion process ultrafine-grained titanium-based materials electrochemical anodization physical properties mechanical properties

Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar Nico i.Bohnen Department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia Department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Neurology Service and GRECC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging *** and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous *** effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory *** mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present *** multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older *** emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and *** the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s *** also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older ***,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

Apolipoprotein A-i binding protein-mediated neuroprotection in glaucomatous neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1414-1415页

作者： Sinwoo Hwang Seunghwan Choi Soo-Ho Choi Keun-Young Kim Yury i.Miller Won-Kyu Ju Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Shiley Eye institute The Viterbi Family Department of OphthalmologyUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA Department of Medicine University of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA National Center for Microscopy and imaging Research Department of NeurosciencesUniversity of California San DiegoLa JollaCAUSA

Glaucoma is a multifactorial eye disorder that can cause vision loss and irreversible blindness,affecting individ uals aged 40 to 80 yea rs *** to the aging population,it is expected that the number of people affected by glaucoma will surpass 111 million by 2040 as the disease becomes more *** primarily contributes to optic nerve axon loss and the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),subsequently leading to vision impairment.

关键词： irreversible pass primarily

On new chaotic mappings in symbol space

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2011年第1期27卷 114-118页

作者： inese Bula Jnis Buls irita Rumbeniece University of Latvia Department of Mathematics Zellu 8R1gaLV 1586Latvia institute of Mathematics and Computer Science of University of Latvia Raina bulv.29RgaLV 1048Latvia University of Latvia Department of Mathematics

A well known chaotic mapping in symbol space is a shift ***,other chaotic mappings in symbol space exist *** basic change is to consider the process not only at a set of times which are equally spaced,say at unit time apart（a shift mapping）,but at a set of times which are not equally spaced,say if the unit time can not be *** increasing mapping as a generalization of the shift mapping and the k-switch mapping are *** increasing and k-switch mappings are chaotic.

关键词： Symbol space Chaotic mapping increasing mapping k-switch mapping

New insights into petrogenesis of Miocene magmatism associated with porphyry copper deposits of the Andean Pampean flat slab,Argentina

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第5期9卷 1565-1576页

作者： Silvia i.Carrasquero Nora A.Rubinstein Anabel L.R.Gómez Massimo Chiaradia Dénis Fontignie Victor A.Valencia Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La Plata instituto de Geociencias básicas aplicadas y ambientales de Buenos Aires (IgeBA) Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos-CONICET Department of Earth Sciences University of Geneva School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty Washington State University

The Paramillos de Uspallata mining district located in the backarc region of the Pampean flat-slab segment(28°-33°S) features porphyry-type deposits genetically associated with Middle Miocene volcanics. This mineralizing magmatism comprising hydrothermally altered(sodic-calcic, potassic and phyllic alteration) subvolcanic and pyroclastic rocks of andesite-basaltic andesite and dacite-rhyolite composition with a typical arc signature, represents the eastward broadening of the Farellones arc by ~17 Ma. its geochemistry also reveals a residual mineralogy of amphibole ± garnet with limited plagioclase fractionation resulting in an adakitic signal; however, according to the isotopic data collected in our study, the contributions of MASH(melting-assimilation-storage-homogenization) processes in the acquisition of this signal cannot be *** the broadening of the Farellones arc and its residual mineralogy e typical of relatively deep magmatic chambers e are consistent with a slab shallowing and outcoming crustal thickening *** tectonic scenario could be interpreted as a result of an early effect of the Juan Fernandez Ridge collision that was further to the north by ~17 Ma. Our findings suggest that magmas were fertile for porphyry type deposits during the early stages of the slab shallowing.

关键词： Porphyry copper deposits

Prognostic impact of inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers in pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第1期16卷 5-9页

作者： Macarena Teja María i Garrido Abrahams Ocanto Felipe Counago Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare-San Francisco de Asís University HospitalMadrid 28002Spain Department of Radiation Oncology GenesisCare-Vithas La Milagrosa University HospitalMadrid 28010Spain National Director GenesisCare SpainMadrid 28043Spain Department of Medicine School of MedicineHealth and SportEuropean University of MadridMadrid 28670Spain

Pancreatic cancer is usually associated with a poor *** is the main curative treatment but pancreatic operations are aggressive and new tools that help clinicians to predict surgical and prognostic outcomes are *** et al recently published a retrospective,single centre cohort study evaluating the impact of seven nutritional and inflammatory markers in pancreatic cancer surgical patients:The albumin-to-globulin ratio,prognostic nutritional index(PNi),systemic immune-inflammation index(Sii),neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR),nutritional risk index,and the geriatric nutritional risk index.A significant correlation was found between the PNi,Sii,NLR,and PLR and a hospital discharge of less than 15 *** a univariable analysis,PNi,Sii,NLR and PLR were significantly related to recurrence-free survival and,in a multivariable analysis PNi was associated with overall *** meta-analyses corroborate the results in terms of prognosis but individual studies are discordant on their ***,the cut-off values for these markers vary significantly between studies and there are no clinical trials comparing them to identify the most relevant *** are limitations when implementing nutritional and inflammatory biomarkers into clinical practice and further studies are needed in order to answer these questions.

关键词： inflammatory biomarkers Nutritional biomarkers Pancreatic cancer Prognosis Surgical complications

Timing of pubertal development in boys born with cryptorchidism and hypospadias:a nation wide cohort study

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2019年第6期21卷 551-556页

作者： Linn Hakonsen Arendt Andreas Ernst Lea Lykke Braskhoj Lauridsen nis Brix Jorn Olsen Cecilia Host Ramlau-Hansen Department of Public Health Section for EpidemiologyAarhus UniversityAarhus 8000Denmark Perinatal Epidemiology Research Unit Department of Paediatric and Adolesce nt Medici neAarhus Un iversity HospitalAarhus 8000Den mark Department of Clin ical Epidemiology Aarhus University HospitalAarhus 8000Denmark.

Pubertal development may be altered in boys with cryptorchidism and hypospadias,but existing kno wledge is inc on siste ***,we investigated the association between cryptorchidism and hypospadias and pubertal development in a large cohort *** in the Puberty Cohort,a cohort nested within the Danish National Birth Cohort,were in eluded in this *** on cryptorchidism and hypospadias was retrieved from the Danish National Patient *** 11 years until 18 years or full pubertal developme nt,info rmatio n on physical markers of pubertal developme nt was provided biannu ally,in eluding Tanner stages,axillary hair,acne,voice break,and first *** multivariate regression models for interval censored data,the mean(95%confidence intervals[Cis])d iff ere nces in months in obtaining the pubertal markers between boys with and without the anomalies were *** 7698 boys,196(2.5%)had cryptorchidism and 60(0.8%)had *** with hypospadias experienced first ejaculation and voice break 7.7(95%Cl:2.5-13.0)months and 4.5(95%Cl:0.3-8.7)months later than boys without hypospadias?The age at attaining the Tanner stages for gonadal and pubic hair growth was also higher,though not statistically *** development seemed unaffected in boys with mild as well as severe cryptorchidism?in conclusion,hypospadias may be associated with delayed pubertal development,but pubertal development seems unaffected by *** relation between hypospadias and later pubertal development may be due to the underlying shared in utero risk or genetic factors.

关键词： congenital abnormalities cryptorchidism hypospadias prenatal exposure delayed effects puberty Tanner stages

improvement of the Birch Outer Bark Plywood Binder:The impact of the Bark Fractional Composition and the Binder Preparation Methodology

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第12期12卷 2095-2113页

作者： Rūdolfs Bērziņš Aigars Pāže Guntis Sosins Daniela Godiņa Laima Vēvere Jānis Rižikovs Latvian State institute of Wood Chemistry RigaLV-1006Latvia

Birch outer bark(BOB)from Betula pendula *** a unique and valuable biomass feedstock that contains *** biopolyester suberin is built from bifunctional fatty acids-suberinic acids(SA)-which can be obtained through a depolymerization process in an alkaline medium and used as a binder due to their adhesive *** aim of this study was to develop the SA-containing binder and identify suitable pressing conditions to produce plywood that meets the shear strength requirements of the EN 314-2 standard 3rd moisture resistance class for bonding quality,ensuring durability in unprotected exterior conditions(shear strength≥1 N/mm^(2)).The raw BOB material was modified by extraction,milling,and fractionation,and the depolymerization methodology was enhanced by additional sieving to improve the adhesive properties of the obtained *** analytical methods were used to characterize the feedstock and the *** heating value was used to assess the pure outer bark content of ***-MS and GPC were used to describe the monomeric and oligomeric composition of *** was used to describe the biopolymeric composition and DSC was used to determine the thermal behavior of the *** a result,successful modification of feedstock(extracted BOB,milled through 2 mm sieve,1-2 mm fraction used)and its depolymerization process(implementing the separation of coarse ligno-carbohydrate particles by 1 mm mesh sieve)was employed to obtain a binder for which suitable hot-pressing parameters were determined−200℃for 5 min at 1.8 ***,plywood with shear strength of 1.26±0.18 N/mm^(2),which adheres to the EN 314-2 standards 3rd moisture resistance class,was obtained.

关键词： Birch outer bark depolymerization suberinic acids binder plywood biomass feedstock renewable resources