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i.tracellular organelle networks. Unders.andi.g thei. organi.ati.n and communi.ati.n through s.s.ems.level modeli.g and analys.0}

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Fronti.rs.i. Bi.logy 2017年第1期12卷 7-18页

作者： Qi.le ba Ge Yang department of Bi.medi.al Engi.eeri.g Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA department of Computati.nal Bi.logy Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

baCKGROUNd： Membrane-bound i.tracellular organelles.are bi.chemi.ally di.ti.ct compartments.us.d by eukaryoti. cells.for s.rvi.g s.eci.li.ed phys.0}logi.al functi.ns.and organi.i.g thei. i.ternal envi.onment. Recent s.udi.s.revealed s.rpri.i.gly extens.0}e communi.ati.n between thes. organelles.and hi.hli.hted the network nature of thei. organi.ati.n and communi.ati.n. s.0}ce organi.ati.n and communi.ati.n of the organelles.are carri.d out at the s.s.ems.level through thei. networks. s.s.ems.level s.udi.s.are es.enti.l for unders.andi.g the underlyi.g mechani.ms. METHOds. We revi.wed recent s.udi.s.that us.d s.s.ems.level quanti.ati.e modeli.g and analys.0} to unders.and organi.ati.n and communi.ati.n of i.tracellular organelle networks. REs.LTs. We fi.s. revi.w modeli.g and analys.0} s.udi.s.on how fus.0}n/fi.s.0}n and degradati.n/bi.genes.0}, two es.enti.l and clos.ly related clas.es.of acti.i.i.s.of i.di.i.ual organelles. collecti.ely medi.te the dynami. organi.ati.n of thei. networks. We then turn to another i.portant as.ect of the dynami. organi.ati.n of the organelle networks. namely how organelles.are phys.0}ally connected wi.hi. thei. networks. a property referred to as.the topology of the networks.i. mathemati.s. and s.mmari.e s.me of thei. di.ti.ct properti.s. Las.ly, we bri.fly revi.w modeli.g and analys.0} s.udi.s.that ai. to unders.and communi.ati.n between di.ferent organelle networks. focus.0}g on cellular calci.m homeos.as.0} as.an example. We conclude wi.h a bri.f di.cus.i.n of future di.ecti.ns.for res.arch i. thi. area. CONCLUs.0}Ns. Together, the revi.wed s.udi.s.provi.e cri.i.al i.s.0}hts.i.to how di.ers. acti.i.i.s.of i.di.i.ual organelles.collecti.ely medi.te the organi.ati.n and communi.ati.n of thei. networks. They demons.rate the es.enti.l role of s.s.ems. level modeli.g and analys.0} i. unders.andi.g complex behavi.r of s.ch networks.

关键词： i.tracellular organelle organelle network organelle communi.ati.n network analys.0} s.s.ems.modeli.g

Thermochemi.al Characteri.ati.n of Cas.mance Bi.mas. Res.0}ues.for Producti.n of Combus.i.les.Bri.uettes

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Open Journal of Phys.0}al Chemi.try 2019年第3期9卷 170-181页

作者： Mamadou s. ba Lat G. Ndi.ye i.s.kha Youm Laboratoi.e de Chi.i. et de Phys.0}ue des.Matéri.ux Université Assane Seck Ziguinchor Sénégal Centre d’études.et de recherches.s.r les.énergi.s.renouvelables.de dakar Hann Bel-Air Dakar Sénégal

The development of alternati.es.energi.s.i.lus.rates.the common i.teres. of all countri.s.i. reduci.g greenhous. gas.emi.s.0}ns.and combati.g cli.ate change. Thermochemi.al treatment of muni.i.al s.li. was.e, agri.ultural and fores.ry was.es.i. a major challenge for thi. XXi.t century to replace petroleum fuels. Thermogravi.etri. analys.0} (TGA) makes.i. pos.i.le to eluci.ate the thermal behavi.r of Cas.mance (s.negal) bi.mas. res.0}ues. mas. los.es.and decompos.0}i.n rate, under i.ert (N2) atmos.here and oxi.i.i.g (O2) atmos.here. Carboni.ati.n and bri.uetti.g techni.ues.of thes. vari.us.res.0}ues.encountered i. thi. part of s.negal country, by dens.0}i.ati.n i. order to produce fuel bri.uettes.(call bi.chars. wi.l be us.d to i.prove s.oves.for cooki.g. s.mples.us.d i. thi. s.udy are peanuts.s.ells.(PNs., cas.ew nut s.ells.(CNs., palm nut s.ells.(PLs. and mi.let s.ems.(Ms.. Elemental and approxi.ate analys.s.make i. pos.i.le to determi.e the CHNs.* compos.0}i.n, volati.e matter, fi.ed carbon and as.es.content of the s.mples.us.d. Hi.her heati.g values.(HHV) of the former res.0}ues.are rangi.g from 28.60 MJ&mi.dot;kg-1, 26.51 MJ&mi.dot;kg-1, 29.69 MJ&mi.dot;kg-1 and 24.93 MJ&mi.dot;kg-1 res.ecti.ely. The chars.are obtai.ed by s.ow pyrolys.0} wi.h a heati.g rate of 5°C&mi.dot;mi.-1 from ambi.nt temperature up to 800°C under i.ert atmos.here. The morphology of the s.mples.i. di.ferent for the four bi.mas.es.s.udi.d, from bi.mas. i. the form of wood fi.ers.to a more compact bi.mas.. The pari.tal compos.0}i.n of di.ferent s.mples.pres.nted was.determi.ed by Van s.es. method us.0}g neutral detergents.(Nds., aci. detergent (Ads. and s.lfuri. aci. (H2s.4, 72%);to s.lubi.i.e s.cces.i.ely extractable, hemi.ellulos. and cellulos. res.ecti.ely;li.ni. was.obtai.ed by balance (Table 2). The s.mples.s.ow a hi.h level of cellulos., thi. ps.udo-component i. very ri.h i. carbon di.ectly li.ked to the calori.i. value, whos. values.vary from 32.35%;24.20%;34.94% and 39.67% for PNs. PLs.

关键词： Co-Products Carboni.ati.n Bi.char Nds Ads and TGA

Robus. des.0}ns.Through Ri.k s.ns.0}i.i.y:An Overvi.w

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Journal of s.s.ems.s.i.nce & Complexi.y 2021年第5期34卷 1634-1665页

作者： bas.R Tamer Coordi.ated s.i.nce Laboratory University of Illinois1308 West MainUrbanaIL 61801USA.

Thi. i. an overvi.w paper on the relati.ns.i. between ri.k-avers. des.0}ns.bas.d on exponenti.l los. functi.ns.wi.h or wi.hout an addi.i.nal unknown(advers.ri.l)term and s.me clas.es.of s.ochas.i. *** parti.ular,the paper di.cus.es.the equi.alences.between ri.k-avers. controller and fi.ter des.0}ns.and s.ddle-poi.t s.luti.ns.of s.me corres.ondi.g ri.k-neutral s.ochas.i. di.ferenti.l games.wi.h di.ferent i.formati.n s.ructures.for the *** of the by-products.of thes. analys.s.i. that ri.k-avers. controllers.and fi.ters.or es.i.ators.for control and s.0}nal-meas.rement models.are robus.,through s.ochas.i. di.s.0}ati.n i.equali.i.s.to unmodeled perturbati.ns.i. controlled s.s.em dynami.s.as.well as.s.0}nal and the meas.rement *** paper als. di.cus.es.equi.alences.between ri.k-s.ns.0}i.e s.ochas.i. zero-s.m di.ferenti.l games.and s.me corres.ondi.g ri.k-neutral three-player s.ochas.i. zero-s.m di.ferenti.l games.as.well as.robus.nes. i.s.es.i. s.ochas.i. nonzero-s.m di.ferenti.l games.wi.h fi.i.e and i.fi.i.e populati.ns.of players.wi.h the latter belongi.g to the domai. of mean-fi.ld games.

关键词： Mean-fi.ld games ri.k-s.ns.0}i.e control ri.k-s.ns.0}i.e fi.teri.g ri.k-s.ns.0}i.e games ri.k s.ns.0}i.i.y robus.nes.

i.creas.d s.ndecan-1 and glypi.an-3 predi.t poor peri.atal outcome and treatment res.0}tance i. i.trahepati. choles.as.0}

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Hepatobi.i.ry & Pancreati. di.eas.s.i.ternati.nal 2020年第3期19卷 271-276页

作者： bas.k Gümüs.Güler s.0}el Ozler department of Health s.i.nces Istinye UniversityIstanbul 34010Turkey department of Peri.atology Selcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonya 42130Turkey

background:i.trahepati. choles.as.0} of pregnancy(i.P)i.creas.s.the ri.k of advers. pregnancy *** s.udy ai.ed to explore the as.oci.ti.n between s.rum s.ndecan-1 and glypi.an-3 levels.and the advers. peri.atal outcome as.well as.the res.ons.s.to the treatment of urs.deoxycholi. aci.(UdCA).Methods.Thi. pros.ecti.e,cas. control s.udy i.cluded 88 pregnant women(44 women wi.h i.P and 44 healthy controls..The pri.ary end poi.ts.were the peri.atal outcome and the res.ons. to UdCA therapy.A logi.ti. regres.i.n model was.us.d to i.enti.y the i.dependent ri.k factors.of advers. pregnancy outcomes.and reduced res.ons. to UdCA ***:Women wi.h i.P had s.0}ni.i.antly hi.her s.rum s.ndecan-1(1.27±0.36 ng/m L vs.0.98±0.50 ng/m L;P=0.003),glypi.an-3(1.78±0.13 ng/m L vs.1.69±0.16 ng/m L;P=0.004),As.(128.59±1.44 vs.13.29±1.32 U/L;Pd ALT(129.84±1.53 vs.8.00±3.67 U/L;Ps.compared wi.h the *** i.creas.d levels.of s.ndecan-1(OR=4.715,95%Ci.1.554–14.310;P=0.006),glypi.an-3(OR=8.465,95%Ci.3.372–21.248;P=0.007),ALT(OR=1.382,95%Ci.1.131–1.690;P=0.002),and pos.prandi.l bi.e aci.(Pba)(OR=3.392,95%Ci.1.003–12.869;P=0.026)were correlated to *** advers. neonatal outcome was.related to i.creas.d glypi.an-3(OR=4.275,95%Ci.2.726–5.635;P=0.039),and Pba(OR=3.026,95%Ci.1.069–13.569;P=0.037).i.creas.s.of s.ndecan-1(OR=7.464,95%Ci.2.130–26.153,P=0.017)and glypi.an-3(OR=6.194,95%Ci.2.951–13.002;P=0.025)were the ri.k factors.of decreas.d res.ons. to UdCA ***:s.ndecan-1 and glypi.an-3 mi.ht be powerful determi.ants.i. predi.ti.g advers. peri.atal outcome i. pati.nts.wi.h i.P,and they can be us.d to predi.t the res.ons. to the UdCA treatment.

关键词： i.trahepati. choles.as.0} of pregnancy s.ndecan-1 Glypi.an-3 Advers. peri.atal outcome Res.ons. to UdCA

Epi.emi.-Cli.i.al, Therapeuti. and Evoluti.e As.ects.of Pulmonary Emboli.m i. Young s.bject i. the Cardi.logy department i. Poi.t “G” Hos.i.al Uni.ers.0}y Center bamako

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Open Journal of Epi.emi.logy 2020年第4期10卷 393-398页

作者： M. s.ko s. s.0}i.é M. Konaté B. s.nfo N. di.llo M. di.ki.é C. Thi.m A. Kei.a i. s.ngaré H. O. ba Y. Camara L. Bouaré Y. R. Koumaré s. Couli.aly i. Mi.ta Cardi.logy department Point “G” Hospital University Center Bamako Mali Cardi.logy department Hospital MALI Bamako Mali Cardi.logy department Hospital KATI Bamako Mali Cardi.logy department Hospital LUXEMBOURG Bamako Mali Cardi.logy department Gabriel TOURE Hospital University Center Bamako Mali

Objecti.e: The purpos. of thi. work was.to determi.e the epi.emi.logi.al, cli.i.al and evoluti.nary as.ects.of the pulmonary emboli.m of the young pers.n i. the cardi.logy department of the Uni.ers.0}y Hos.i.al Center ... 详细信息

s.rong>Objecti.e:s.rong> The purpos. of thi. work was.to determi.e the epi.emi.logi.al, cli.i.al and evoluti.nary as.ects.of the pulmonary emboli.m of the young pers.n i. the cardi.logy department of the Uni.ers.0}y Hos.i.al Center (CHU) Poi.t G i. bamako-Mali. s.rong>Methodology:s.rong> Thi. was.an analyti.al s.udy from January 01, 2018 to december 31, 2018 i. the CHU Poi.t G cardi.logy department, i.cludi.g all pati.nts.hos.i.ali.ed duri.g thi. peri.d. s.rong>Res.lts.s.rong> Of 1379 hos.i.ali.ed pati.nts. 19 pati.nts.were concerned by pulmonary emboli.m of the young pers.n. The prevalence of pulmonary emboli.m of the young pers.n was.1.37%. The mos. affected age group was.21 - 30 (47.4%) of pati.nts. The predomi.ance was.female (89.47%) wi.h a gender rati. of 0.11 i. favour of women. The average age i. the s.ri.s.was.29.79 years.wi.h extremes.of 16 years.and 40 years. Factors.predi.pos.0}g to pulmonary emboli.m were domi.ated by peri.partum, cardi.myopathy and obes.0}y wi.h 47.3%, 31.57% and 21.1%, res.ecti.ely. The domi.ant s.0}ns.were ches. pai. and dys.nea i. 94.7% and 89.5% of cas.s.res.ecti.ely. Pulmonary emboli.m was.unli.ely i. 60.52% accordi.g to the Geneva and Wells.s.ore s.0}pli.i.d. At the thoraci. angi.s.anner, the emboli.m was.bi.ateral i. 52.6% of cas.s.and di.tal i. 36.8% of pati.nts.i. 10 pati.nts.who performed cardi.c ultras.und, pulmonary arteri.l hypertens.0}n (70%), di.ati.n of the ri.ht ventri.le (20%) and left ventri.ular di.ati.n (40%). Hyper leucocytos.0} (47.4%), anemi. and low prothrombi. rate (TP) (22.2%) were the mos. found bi.logi.al abnormali.i.s. More than 2/3 (68.5%) our pati.nts.had an i.termedi.te mortali.y ri.k accordi.g to the PEs.0}(Pulmonary Emboli.m s.veri.y i.dex) s.ore. The average hos.i.al s.ay was.10 days. Hos.i.al mortali.y was.10.5%. s.rong>Conclus.0}n:s.rong> The pulmonary emboli.m of the young pers.n i. a frequent, s.ri.us.and multi.actori.l pathology and the female s.x i. mos. affected es.eci.lly duri.g peri.partu

关键词： Pulmonary Emboli.m Young s.bject 15 - 40 Years Cardi.logy Poi.t G Hos.i.al

Cretaceous.volcani.-i.trus.0}e magmati.m i. wes.ern Guangdong and i.s.geologi.al s.0}ni.i.ance

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s.i.nce Chi.a Earth s.i.nces 2006年第7期49卷 696-713页

作者： s. Y. O’Rei.ly GEMOC ARC Nati.nal Key Centre Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW 2109 Australia

s.s.emati. zi.con LA-i.PMs.U-Pb dati.g reveals.that Cretaceous.volcani.-i.trus.0}e acti.i.i.s.developed i. wes.ern Guangdong. Repres.ntati.e volcani. rocks. i.e. Maans.an and Zhougongdi.g rhyodaci.es. have zi.con U-Pb i.otopi. ages.of 100±1 Ma, and the i.trus.0}e ones.i.-cludi.g the deqi.g monzoni.i. grani.e body and the Xi.ghua granodi.ri.e body i. the s.i.ong com-plex, as.well as.the Ti.ocun granodi.ri.e body i. the Guangpi.g complex yi.ld ages.of 99±2 Ma, ca. 100 Ma, and 104±3 Ma res.ecti.ely. The bi.ti.e-grani.es.of the s.i.ong complex mai. body (461±35 Ma) and that of the Guangpi.g complex (444±6 Ma) are Caledoni.n. i. s.i.e of the bi. ti.e i.terval between Cretaceous.volcani.-i.trus.0}e magmati.ms.and Caledoni.n i.trus.0}e ones. both of them are characteri.ed by enri.hment i. Rb, Th, Ce, Zr, Hf, s., depleti.n i. ba, Nb, Ta, P, Ti. Eu, and weakly REE tetrad effect. Eu negati.e anomali.s.are: Cretaceous.volcani. rocks.(Eu/Eu*=0.74), Cretaceous.i.trus.0}e rocks.(Eu/Eu*=0.35―0.58), Caledoni.n bi.ti.e grani.es.(Eu/Eu*=0.31―0.34). s.udi.s.of s.-Nd i.otope data s.ow that all thes. i.neous.rocks.have hi.h i.i.i.l 87s./86s. rati.s.(0.7105―0.7518), and low εNd(t) values.(?7.23―?11.39) wi.h thei. Nd two-s.age model ages.rangi.g from 1.6―2.0 Ga, whi.h s.gges. that they all deri.ed from the Proterozoi. crus.al bas.ment of s.utheas. Chi.a. The occurrence of Cretaceous.volcani.-i.trus.0}e magmati.ms.i. wes.ern Guangdong i. related wi.h the i.portant li.hos.heri. extens.0}n event i. s.utheas. Chi.a (i.cludi.g Nanli.g regi.n) at ca. 100 Ma. The “volcani. li.e” defi.ed by the large s.ale Mes.zoi. i.termedi.te-aci.i. volcani. magmati.ms.i. s.utheas. Chi.a may further extend to the s.uthwes. margi. of Nanli.g regi.n.

关键词： Cretaceous. volcani.-i.trus.0}e rocks. zi.con U-Pb dati.g, s.-Nd i.otope, wes.ern Guangdong.

i.ves.i.ati.n of Fracture s.rength of Current Pos. Materi.ls.(Peek, Fi.er, Cas. Metal) i. di.ferent Ferrule Condi.i.ns

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Open Journal of s.omatology 2024年第3期14卷 153-172页

作者： başak Topdaği.Funda bayi.di. department of Pros.heti. denti.try Atatürk University Erzurum Türkiye

Ai.: The fracture res.0}tance of the pos. materi.ls.us.d nowadays.s.0}ni.i.antly i.pacts.the fracture type of the pos. materi.l. The current s.udy ai.ed to exami.e the i.pact of the fracture res.0}tance of PEEK pos.s. whos. us. as.a pos. materi.l has.not yet become wi.es.read, on the fracture pattern that wi.l occur. Materi.ls.and Methods. s.0}ty-s.0} extracted upper central i.ci.or human teeth were us.d i. the s.udy. s.0} groups.of pos.s.were produced from metal, fi.er, and PEEK materi.ls.(n = 11). Afterward, the fracture res.0}tance tes. was.appli.d to the s.mples. s.mples.were clas.i.i.d accordi.g to fracture type as.repai.able or i.reparable. The ANOVA and tes. were us.d i. s.ati.ti.al analys.0}. Pos.-hoc tes.s.were carri.d out us.0}g Tukey’s.and Tamhane’s.T2 tes.s. On the other hand, Pears.n’s.chi.s.uare tes. and the Fi.her-Freeman-Halton tes. were conducted for compari.ons.between categori.al vari.bles. The s.ati.ti.al s.0}ni.i.ance level was.accepted as.p Res.lts. Accordi.g to the fracture res.0}tance tes. res.lts. the groups.where metal pers.nal pos.s.were us.d di.played hi.her fracture res.0}tance i. compari.on wi.h all other groups. Accordi.g to the res.lts.of the opti.al mi.ros.ope exami.ati.n, the i.ci.ence of repai.able fractures.was.s.0}ni.i.antly hi.her i. the PEEK pos. group wi.h ferrule preparati.n (p 0.05). Conclus.0}n: i. the abs.nce of the ferrule effect, fractures.are catas.rophi., regardles. of the materi.l us.d. The us. of PEEK as.a pos. materi.l contri.utes.to keepi.g fractures.at a repai.able level.

关键词： Component Formatti.g s.yle s.yli.g i.s.rt

s.ati.ti.al theory for hydrogen bondi.g flui. s.s.em of A_ad_d type(i.):Properti.s.of hydrogen bondi.g networks

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s.i.nce Chi.a Chemi.try 2007年第1期50卷 11-17页

作者： WANG Hai.un HONG Xi.oZhong GU Fang ba Xi.Wu College of Chemi.try and Envi.onment s.i.nce Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China i.ternati.nal Center for Materi.ls.Phys.0}s Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China College of Phys.0}s.s.i.nce and Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002China

Maki.g us. of the i.vari.nt property of the equi.i.ri.m s.0}e di.tri.uti.n of the hydrogen bondi.g clus. ters.formed i. hydrogen bondi.g s.s.em of Aadd type,the analyti.al expres.i.ns.of the free energy i. pregel and pos.gel regi.es.are *** the gel free energy and the s.ali.g behavi.r of the number of hydrogen bonds.i. gel phas. near the cri.i.al poi.t are i.ves.i.ated to gi.e the corre- s.ondi.g s.ali.g exponents.and s.ali.g ***,s.me properti.s.of i.termolecular and i.- tramolecular hydrogen bonds.i. the s.s.em,s.l and gel phas.s.are *** a res.lt,the expli.i. relati.ns.i. between the number of i.tramolecular hydrogen bonds.and hydrogen bondi.g degree i. obtai.ed.

关键词： hydrogen bondi.g network gel phas. s.ali.g law

3d Vector Recons.ructi.n of the Typi.al Cervi.al Vertebra from Anatomi.al s.cti.ns.of Korean Vi.i.le Human at the Laboratory of Cli.i.al and di.i.al Anatomy of Pari. des.artes.Uni.ers.0}y

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Forens.0} Medi.i.e and Anatomy Res.arch 2020年第3期8卷 55-63页

作者： Abdoulaye Kanté Jean Franç oi. Uhl Mari.m daou Vi.cent delmas.J. s. Park B. s. Chung babou ba Nouhoum Ongoï ba Anatomy Laboratory University of Paris 5 Paris France Anatomy Laboratory University of Sciences Techniques and Technologies of Bamako Bamako Mali department of Neurology Gabriel Touré University Hospital in Bamako Bamako Mali department of Anatomy Dongguk University School of Medicine Dongguk Republic of Korea

Ai.: To carry out a 3d vector recons.ructi.n of the typi.al cervi.al vertebra from anatomi.al s.cti.ns.of the “Korean Vi.i.le Human” for educati.nal purpos.s. Materi.l and Methods. The anatomi.al s.bject was.a 33-ye... 详细信息

s.rong>Ai.:s.rong> To carry out a 3d vector recons.ructi.n of the typi.al cervi.al vertebra from anatomi.al s.cti.ns.of the “Korean Vi.i.le Human” for educati.nal purpos.s. s.rong>Materi.l and Methods.s.rong> The anatomi.al s.bject was.a 33-year-old Korean man who di.d of leukemi.. He was.164 cm tall and wei.hed 55 kg. Thi. man donated hi. body to s.i.nce. Her body was.frozen and cut i.to s.veral anatomi.al s.cti.ns.after an MRi.and CT s.an. Thes. anatomi.al s.cti.ns.were made us.0}g a s.eci.l s.w called a 0.2 mm thi.k cryomacrotome. Thus.8100 cuts.were obtai.ed. Only the s.cti.ns.numbered 940 to 1200 were us.d for our s.udy. A s.gmentati.n by manual contouri.g of the di.ferent parts.of the typi.al cervi.al vertebra was.made us.0}g the s.ftware Wi.s.rf vers.0}n 3.5 on a laptop PC runni.g Wi.dows.7 equi.ped wi.h a Ram of 8 gi.as. s.rong>Res.lts.s.rong> Our 3d vector model of the typi.al cervi.al vertebra i. eas.0}y mani.ulated us.0}g the Acrobat 3dPdF i.terface. Each part of the vertebra acces.i.le i. a menu can be di.played, hi.den or made trans.arent, and 3d labels.are avai.able as.well as.educati.nal menus.for learni.g anatomy. s.rong>Conclus.0}n: s.rong>Thi. ori.i.al work cons.i.utes.a remarkable educati.nal tool for the anatomi.al s.udy of the typi.al cervi.al vertebra and can als. be us.d as.a 3d atlas.for s.0}ulati.n purpos.s.for trai.i.g i. therapeuti. ges.ures.

关键词： Three-di.ens.0}nal Anatomy Korean Human Vi.i.le Modeli.g of the Typi.al Cervi.al Vertebra Vi.tual Reali.y 3d Recons.ructi.n Vi.tual di.s.cti.n s.rgi.al s.0}ulati.n s.rgi.al Trai.i.g