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Bi.plasti. classi.i.ati.ns and i.novati.ns i. anti.acteri.l,anti.ungal,and anti.xi.ant appli.ati.ns

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Journal of Bi.resources and Bi.products 2023年第4期8卷 361-387页

作者： Sari.h Abang Farrah Wong Rosalam Sarbatly Jami.ah Sari.u Rubi.ah Bai.i.normah Awang Besar Department of Chemi.al Engi.eeri.g and Energy Sustai.abi.i.y Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SarawakKota Samarahan 94300Malaysia Electroni. Engi.eeri.g(Computer)Programme Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia Chemi.al Engi.eeri.g Programme Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia Forest Plantati.n and Agroforestry Programme Faculty of Tropical ForestryUniversiti Malaysia SabahKota Kinabalu 88400Malaysia

Conventi.nal plasti.s exacerbate cli.ate change by generati.g substanti.l amounts of greenhouse gases and soli. wastes throughout thei. *** address the envi.onmental and economi. challenges associ.ted wi.h petroleum-based plasti.s,bi.plasti.s have emerged as a vi.ble *** are a type of plasti. that are ei.her bi.based,bi.degradable,or *** to thei. bi.degradabi.i.y and renewabi.i.y,bi.plasti.s are establi.hed as earth-fri.ndly materi.ls that can replace nonrenewable ***,early bi.plasti. development has been hi.dered by hi.her producti.n costs and i.feri.r mechani.al and barri.r properti.s compared to conventi.nal ***,studi.s have shown that the addi.i.n of addi.i.es and fi.lers can enhance bi.plasti. *** advancements i. bi.plasti.s have i.corporated speci.l addi.i.es li.e anti.acteri.l,anti.ungal,and anti.xi.ant agents,offeri.g added values and uni.ue properti.s for speci.i. appli.ati.ns i. vari.us *** i.stance,i.tegrati.g anti.acteri.l addi.i.es i.to bi.plasti.s enables the creati.n of acti.e food packagi.g,extendi.g the shelf-li.e of food by i.hi.i.i.g spoi.age-causi.g bacteri. and ***,bi.plasti.s wi.h anti.xi.ant addi.i.es can be appli.d i. wound dressi.gs,accelerati.g wound heali.g by preventi.g oxi.ati.e damage to cells and *** i.novati.e bi.plasti. developments offer promi.i.g opportuni.i.s for developi.g sustai.able and practi.al soluti.ns i. vari.us *** thi. revi.w are two mai. focuses:an outli.e of the bi.plasti. classi.i.ati.ns to understand how they fi. i. as the coveted conventi.nal plasti.s substi.ute and an overvi.w of the recent bi.plasti. i.novati.ns i. the anti.acteri.l,anti.ungal,and anti.xi.ant *** cover the use of di.ferent polymers and addi.i.es,presenti.g the fi.di.gs and potenti.l appli.ati.ns wi.hi. the last *** current research pri.ari.y focuses on food packagi.g and bi.medi.i.e,the explorati.n

关键词： Bi.plasti. Bi.polymer Bi.degradabi.i.y Anti.acteri.l Anti.ungal Anti.xi.ant

Factors Contri.uti.g to the Effecti.eness of a Uni.ersi.y-i.dustry Partnershi.

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Si.o-US Engli.h Teachi.g 2011年第11期8卷 681-688页

作者： normah bi.ti.Othman Uni.ersi.i.Malaysi. Pahang Pahang Malaysia

The uni.ersi.y-i.dustry engagement serves as a cooperati.n that gi.es benefi. to both parti.s. The uni.ersi.i.s and the i.dustri.s are dependent on each other as the uni.ersi.y＇s role i. to produce human capi.als to work at the i.dustri.s, and the i.dustri.s on the other hand need human capi.als to run thei. busi.ess. However, thi. ki.d of dependency could rai.e i.sues that cause di.fi.ulti.s for both parti.s i. the relati.nshi. i. not checked and balanced from ti.e to ti.e. The uni.ersi.i.s should be aware of the i.dustri.s＇ changi.g needs as ti.e changes. Hence the programmes that they offer to thei. students should take i.to consi.erati.n the i.dustri.s＇ needs. Thi. research was to i.enti.y the current practi.es of the uni.ersi.y-i.dustry engagement, to apprai.e the factors contri.uti.g to the effecti.eness of the uni.ersi.y-i.dustry engagement i.volvi.g UMP （Uni.ersi.i.Malaysi. Pahang） and the i.enti.i.d i.dustri.s, to map the prospects and challenges that UMP faces i. the uni.ersi.y-i.dustry engagement and to propose the best approaches that the uni.ersi.y could engage to provi.e hi.h class human capi.als to work at the i.dustri.s. Thi. research employed a survey i. the form of i.tervi.ws and expert group di.cussi.ns. The results show that there i. sti.l a mi.match i. the uni.ersi.y-i.dustry engagement. The representati.es from the i.dustri.s felt that they should be acti.ely i.volved i. the uni.ersi.y＇s acti.i.i.s, especi.lly i. teachi.g, learni.g and i.dustri.l trai.i.g for students. They had gi.en a few suggesti.ns to be forwarded to the uni.ersi.y

关键词： ECER (East Coast Economi. Regi.n) East-Coast Peni.sula Malaysi. uni.ersi.y-i.dustry engagement

Analyti.al Algori.hm for Systems of Neutral Delay Di.ferenti.l Equati.ns

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Appli.d Mathemati.s 2019年第9期10卷 753-768页

作者： Ami.u Barde normah Maan Department of Mathemati.al Sci.nces University Technology Malaysia Skudai Malaysia Department of Mathemati.al Sci.nces Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Bauchi Nigeria

Delay di.ferenti.l equati.ns (DDEs), as well as neutral delay di.ferenti.l equati.ns (NDDEs), are often used as a fundamental tool to model problems ari.i.g from vari.us areas of sci.nces and engi.eeri.g. However, NDDEs parti.ularly the systems of these equati.ns are speci.l transcendental i. nature;i. has therefore, become a challengi.g task or ti.es almost i.possi.le to obtai. a convergent approxi.ate analyti.al soluti.n of such equati.n. Therefore, thi. study i.troduced an analyti.al method to obtai. soluti.n of li.ear and nonli.ear systems of NDDEs. The proposed techni.ue i. a combi.ati.n of Homotopy analysi. method (HAM) and natural transform method, and the He’s polynomi.l i. modi.i.d to compute the seri.s of nonli.ear terms. The presented techni.ue gi.es soluti.n i. a seri.s form whi.h converges to the exact soluti.n or approxi.ate soluti.n. The convergence analysi. and the maxi.um esti.ated error of the approach are also gi.en. Some i.lustrati.e examples are gi.en, and compari.on for the accuracy of the results obtai.ed i. made wi.h the exi.ti.g ones as well as the exact soluti.ns. The results reveal the reli.bi.i.y and effi.i.ncy of the method i. solvi.g systems of NDDEs and can also be used i. vari.us types of li.ear and nonli.ear problems.

关键词： Homotopy Analysi. Method Natural Transform He’s Polynomi.l and Neutral Delay Di.ferenti.l Equati.ns

Associ.ti.n between vi.i.n and cogni.i.e functi.n among communi.y-dwelli.g older adults i. Selangor,Malaysi.

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i.ternati.nal Journal of Ophthalmology(Engli.h edi.i.n) 2023年第1期16卷 115-120页

作者： Zai.ora Mohammed Qi.-Ti.g Kee Norli.a Mohamad Fadzi. Mohd Hari.i.Abd Rahman normah Che Di. Vani.ha Mari.ppan Suzana Shahar Programme of Optometry and Vi.i.n Sci.nce Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia Centre for Rehabi.i.ati.n and Speci.l Needs Study Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia Center of Toxi.ology and Ri.k Health Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia Programme of Di.teti. Faculty of Health SciencesUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaJalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz 50300Kuala LumpurMalaysia.

Ai.:To determi.e the associ.ti.n between di.tance and near vi.ual acui.y(VA)and cogni.i.e functi.n among older adults i. Selangor,***:A total of 230 older adults(age≥60y)parti.i.ated i. thi. *** di.tance and near VA were measured usi.g the Early Treatment Di.beti. Reti.opathy Study Chart and Li.hthouse Near Vi.ual Acui.y Chart,*** cogni.i.e functi.n was assessed usi.g the Mi.i.Mental State Exami.ati.n(M-MSE)and the Malay language versi.n of the Montreal Cogni.i.e Assessment(M-MoCA).Di.i. Symbol(DS)subtest was used to measure i.formati.n ***:No si.ni.i.ant associ.ti.n was observed between vi.i.n and M-MSE and M-MoCA ***,poor di.tance and near VA were found to be si.ni.i.antly associ.ted wi.h low DS scores[di.tance VA:β=-0.01,R2=0.1,P=0.02;odds rati.(OR)=2.84,95%confi.ence i.terval(Ci.,1.10-7.33,P=0.03;near VA:β=-0.05,R2=0.08,P=0.00;OR=3.32,95%Ci.1.28-8.59,P=0.01].CONCLUSi.N:Poor vi.i.n i. associ.ted wi.h a decli.e i. i.formati.n processi.g i. older adults and substanti.tes the i.portance of preservi.g good vi.i.n i. mai.tai.i.g cogni.i.e functi.n.

关键词： agei.g cogni.i.n global cogni.i.e functi.n i.formati.n processi.g vi.i.n

Fraud Preventi.n Mechani.ms of Malaysi.n Government-Li.ked Compani.s： An Assessment of Exi.tence and Effecti.eness

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Journal of Modern Accounti.g and Audi.i.g 2012年第1期8卷 15-31页

作者： normah Omar Kateri.a Mari. Abu Bakar Uni.ersi.i.Teknologi.MARA Selangor Malaysia

Understandi.g the root causes of fraud and learni.g about the most effecti.e fraud preventi.n mechani.ms are cri.i.al i. reduci.g the i.ci.ence of fi.anci.l fraud. Therefore, thi. study soli.i.s the vi.ws of fraud i.vesti.ators on the exi.tence and effecti.eness of fraud preventi.n mechani.ms wi.hi. Government-Li.ked Compani.s （GLCs）. Speci.i.ally, effecti.e fraud preventi.n mechani.ms （FPM） should be undertaken by fi.e cri.i.al groups, namely the board of di.ectors, audi. commi.tees, external audi.ors, i.ternal audi.ors, and anti.fraud speci.li.ts. A total of 147 questi.nnai.es were di.tri.uted to fraud i.vesti.ators of all publi. li.ted GLCs i. Malaysi.. Out of those, a total of 45 usable responses were recei.ed, whi.h represents an effecti.e response rate of 30.6%. i. terms of exi.tence, the respondents ranked ＂management revi.w of i.ternal controls＂ and ＂external audi.s of fi.anci.l statements＂ as the top-most FPMs. Thi. was followed by other mechani.ms such as operati.nal audi.s, i.ternal audi.s and i.ternal control revi.w/i.provements by departments. Out of the 27 fraud preventi.n mechani.ms, fraud i.vesti.ators percei.ed surpri.e audi.s, fraud hotli.e, fraud preventi.n program and trai.i.g, anti.fraud poli.y, fraud vulnerabi.i.y revi.ws, operati.nal audi.s, whi.tle-blowi.g poli.y, i.ternal audi. or fraud exami.ati.n department, and, i.posi.g penalty and di.ci.li.ary acti.n as more effecti.e than the others. Overall, thi. study provi.es i.portant i.si.hts to practi.i.ners and organi.ati.ns i. i.enti.yi.g fraud preventi.n mechani.ms that are most effecti.e.

关键词： fraud preventi.n mechani.m (FPM) fi.anci.l fraud government-li.ked compani.s (GLCs)

Tumor-i.mune i.teracti.n System wi.h the Effect of Ti.e Delay and Hyperglycemi. on the Breast Cancer Cells

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Journal of Appli.d Mathemati.s and Physi.s 2023年第4期11卷 1160-1184页

作者： Abeer Hamdan Alblowy normah Maan Nor Azi.an Awang Department of Mathemati.s Faculty of Science University of Ha’il Ha’il 2440 Saudi Arabia Department of Mathemati.al Sci.nces Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru 81310 Malaysia

Breast cancer i. women i. a compli.ated and multi.aceted di.ease. Studi.s have demonstrated that hyperglycemi. i. one of the most si.ni.i.ant ri.k factors for breast cancer. Hyperglycemi. i. when the sugar level i. human blood i. too hi.h, whi.h means excess glucose. Glucose excess can encourage the growth, i.vasi.n, and mi.rati.n of breast cancer cells at the cellular level. Though, the effects of glucose on the dynami.s of breast cancer cells have been exami.ed mathemati.ally by a system of ordi.ary di.ferenti.l equati.ns. However, the non-i.stantaneous bi.logi.al occurrences leadi.g to the secreti.n of i.muno-suppressi.e cytoki.es by tumors to evade i.mune survei.lance and the i.mune cells’ deri.ati.n of cytoki.es to attack the tumor cells are not yet di.cussed. Therefore, i.vesti.ati.g the bi.logi.al process i.volved i. the dynami.s of tumors, i.mune and normal cells wi.h excessi.e glucose concentrati.n i. i.vi.lable to determi.i.g the best procedure for controlli.g tumors’ uncontrollable growth. Ti.e delay, denoted by τ, i. used to descri.e the ti.e tumor cells take to secrete i.munosuppressi.e cytoki.es to evade i.mune survei.lance and the ti.e i.mune cells take to recogni.e and attack the tumor cells. We have studi.d the local stabi.i.y analysi. of the bi.logi.al steady states i. both delayed and non-delayed system. The Routh-Hurwi.z stabi.i.y cri.eri.n i. used to analyze the dynami.al equi.i.ri.m of the cells’ populati.n. Hopf bi.urcati.n was analyzed by usi.g ti.e delay s as a bi.urcati.n parameter. The analyti.al results suggest an unstable scenari. for a tumor-free equi.i.ri.m poi.t as normal cells are bound to grow to thei. carryi.g capaci.y. The result predi.ts a stable system for coexi.ti.g equi.i.ri.m when the i.teracti.n i. i.stantaneous (τ = 0). However, when τ > 0, the coexi.ti.g equi.i.ri.m poi.t swi.ches from stable to unstable. The numeri.al results not only vali.ate all the analyti.al results but also show the case of possi.le si.uati.ns when g

关键词： Breast Cancer Stabi.i.y Bi.urcati.n Ti.e Delay Nonli.ear Dynami.al Model Glucose Ri.k Factor

Management Accounti.g and i.s Relevance i. Harm Reducti.n Programmes:A case of Needle Syri.ge Exchange Programme

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Management Accounting and Its Relevance in Harm Reduction Pr...

贮藏期间橡胶种子的发芽率、呼吸速率和渗漏质电导率的变化

APMAA 2012 Annual Conference Management Accounti.g: The Opti.i.ati.n of Management Control

作者： Shari.ah Fadzlon Abdul Hami. Wee Shu Hui.normah Omar Suzana Sulai.an Norhazeera Mohd Zan Nur Shahi.a Ab Fatah Accounti.g Research i.sti.ute（ARi. and Faculty of Accountancy Universiti Teknologi MARA （UiTM）

Thi. paper i. a result of a collaborati.e project wi.h i.FORMM1 to study the costs associ.ted wi.h harm reducti.n. Harm reducti.n i. a way of deali.g wi.h behavi.r that damages the health of the persons i.volved and thei. communi.y. Many i.di.i.uals acqui.e these damagi.g behavi.urs（for example,smoki.g, dri.ki.g too much alcohol, practi.i.g un-safe sex and drug abuse） well aware of the adverse consequenti.l effects on thei. health.. Needle Syri.ge Exchange Programme（NSEP） i. one such harm reducti.n programme recommended by the WHO to the Mi.i.try of Health i. Malaysi. i. 2005 and has produced encouragi.g *** the concept of of Total Quali.y Management(TQMi.volved i. harm reducti.n programmes. The mai. pri.ci.le of TQM wi.h i.s emphasi. on the cost of preventi.n i. hi.hly relevant i. harm reducti.n programmes, wi.h thei. si.i.ar emphasi. on ‘preventi.n i. better than cure’. Hence, thi. management accounti.g model whi.h the team term the 4Cs（currently i. the process of bei.g trademarked） i. hi.hly relevant and appli.able i. any harm reducti.n programme.

关键词： Total Quali.y Management 4Cs harm reducti.n NSEP

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世界热带农业信息 1992年第4期 4-7页

作者： M.N.normah 王秉忠董建华

吸湿的橡胶种子分别贮藏在10、20和27℃下,其发芽率、呼吸速率和渗漏质的电导率逐月有变化。种子的发芽率、苗高、苗干重,呼吸速率随贮藏期的延长而下降;而渗漏质的电导率却增加。膜的完整性遭破坏,被认为是种子在贮藏期劣变的原因之一。

关键词：呼吸速率贮藏期劣变苗干水分测定贮藏方法正弦值无离子水丧失活力生活力