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Bri.gi.g element-free Galerki. and pluri.Gaussi.n si.ulati.n for geologi.al uncertai.ty esti.ati.n i. an ensemble smoother data assi.i.ati.n framework

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Petroleum Sci.nce 2024年第3期21卷 1683-1698页

作者： bogdan Sebacher Remus Hanea Department of Appli.d i.formati.s Military Technical Academy“Ferdinand I”Bucharest 050141Romania Equi.or Sandslivegen 905254 SandsliBergenNorway

The faci.s di.tri.uti.n of a reservoi. i. one of the bi.gest concerns for geologi.ts,geophysi.i.ts,reservoi. modelers,and reservoi. engi.eers due to i.s hi.h i.portance i. the setti.g of any reli.ble deci.i.nmaki.g/opti.i.ati.n of fi.ld development *** approach for parameteri.i.g the faci.s di.tri.uti.n as a random vari.ble comes naturally through usi.g the probabi.i.y *** the pri.r probabi.i.y fi.lds of faci.s come ei.her from a sei.mi. i.versi.n or from other sources of geologi. i.formati.n,they are not condi.i.ned to the data observed from the cores extracted from the *** paper presents a regulari.ed element-free Galerki.(R-EFG)method for condi.i.ni.g faci.s probabi.i.y fi.lds to faci.s *** condi.i.ned probabi.i.y fi.lds respect all the condi.i.ns of the probabi.i.y theory(*** the values are between 0 and 1,and the sum of all fi.lds i. a uni.orm fi.ld of 1).Thi. property achi.ves by an opti.i.ati.n procedure under equali.y and i.equali.y constrai.ts wi.h the gradi.nt projecti.n *** condi.i.ned probabi.i.y fi.lds are further used as the i.put i. the adapti.e pluri.Gaussi.n si.ulati.n(APS)methodology and coupled wi.h the ensemble smoother wi.h multi.le data assi.i.ati.n(ES-MDA)for esti.ati.n and uncertai.ty quanti.i.ati.n of the faci.s *** hi.tory-matchi.g of the faci.s models shows a good esti.ati.n and uncertai.ty quanti.i.ati.n of faci.s di.tri.uti.n,a good data match and predi.ti.n capabi.i.i.s.

关键词： Element free Galerki.(EFG) Adapti.e pluri.Gaussi.n si.ulati.n(APS) Faci.s di.tri.uti.n esti.ati.n Ensemble smoother wi.h multi.ledata assi.i.ati.n(ESMDA)

Photolumi.escence,structural and anti.acteri.l properti.s of co-dopedβ-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2)-type phosphates Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)(RE=Eu-Er)

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1658-1668,I0002页

作者： i.an V.Ni.i.orov Ekateri.a V.i.i.n bogdan i.Lazoryak Sergey M.Aksenov Pavel V.Sluki. Di.a V.Deyneko Department of Chemi.try Lomonosov Moscow State University119991MoscowRussia Laboratory of Arcti. Mi.eralogy and Materi.l Sci.nces Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209ApatityRussia Geologi.al i.sti.ute Kola Science CentreRussian Academy of Sciences184209ApatityRussia State Sci.nti.i. Center of Appli.d Mi.robi.logy and Bi.technology of Rospotrebnadzor 24 Block A142279ObolenskRussia

Novel Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)where RE^(3+)=Eu^(3+),Tb^(3+),Dy^(3+),Ho^(3+)and Er^(3+)were synthesi.ed by a soli.-state method i. *** structures of the samples were characteri.ed by powder X-ray di.fracti.n usi.g Ri.tveld refi.ement to determi.e the occupati.n of crystal *** samples are found to have a centrosymmetri. structure wi.h space group R3c,as shown by di.lectri. *** synthesi.ed Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)samples have multi.uncti.nal *** Cu^(2+)i.ns provi.e anti.acteri.l properti.s,whi.e the rare earth elements i.ns exhi.i. lumi.escence properti.s,and theβ-Ca_3(PO_(4))_(2)-type host i. *** photolumi.escence properti.s of RE^(3+)i.ns were studi.d and compared wi.h other si.mi.ar Ca_(8)MRE(PO_(4))_(7)phosphates,where M i. a di.alent *** photolumi.escence i.tensi.y quenchi.g i. terms of energy transfer from RE^(3+)to Cu^(2+)i. *** bi.acti.e properti.s were studi.d i. relati.n to anti.acteri.l acti.i.y agai.st *** and *** syntesi.ed Ca_(8)CuRE(PO_(4))_(7)samples demonstrate very hi.h and stable i.hi.i.i.n of bacteri. *** correlati.n between crystal structure and properti.s i. *** combi.i.g multi.le approaches to the di.ecti. nal desi.n of such materi.ls,several i.portant properti.s wi.hi. a si.gle chemi.al compound to achi.ve bi.vi.uali.ati.n and bi.acti.e properti.s si.ultaneously can be combi.ed.

关键词： β-Ca_(3)(PO_(4))_(2) Whi.locki.e-type structure Bi.acti.e phosphates TCP Photolumi.escence Rare earths

Di.aster Awareness and Preparedness Among Older Adults i. Canada Regardi.g Floods, Wi.dfi.es, and Earthquakes

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i.ternati.nal Journal of Di.aster Ri.k Sci.nce 2024年第2期15卷 198-212页

作者： Evalyna bogdan Rachel Krueger Juli. Wri.ht Kyle Woods Shai.ree Cottar School of Admi.i.trati.e Studi.s Disaster and Emergency Management ProgramYork UniversityTorontoOntario M3J 1P3Canada Department of Geography and Envi.onmental Management University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada Partners for Acti.n Faculty of EnvironmentUniversity of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada

Older adults are si.ni.i.antly i.pacted by natural hazards and di.asters that are exacerbated by cli.ate change. Understandi.g thei. awareness and preparedness i. essenti.l for enhanci.g di.aster resi.i.nce. Thi. study i.vesti.ated the atti.udes, acti.ns, and recommendati.ns of older adults regardi.g natural hazards that pose ri.ks i. thei. geographi. area—speci.i.ally floods, wi.dfi.es, and/or earthquakes i. Canada. Methods for thi. study i.cluded survey and focus groups wi.h older adults(n = 161 and n = 10, respecti.ely) and other hi.h-ri.k groups from across Canada, that are vulnerable to these natural hazards. The mai. fi.di.gs from thi. study are that current awareness and preparedness among older adults i. low, though stronger percepti.ns of ri.ks are associ.ted wi.h ri.ks speci.i. to geographi. locati.ns where respondents li.e. Several barri.rs, such as hazard vulnerabi.i.y mi.percepti.ns, cost-related reasons, and lack of hazard awareness have resulted i. low awareness and preparedness among these populati.ns. The two mai. recommendati.ns ari.i.g from thi. research are:(1) i.prove awareness and preparedness wi.h tai.or-made emergency preparedness materi.ls for older adults;and(2) adopt communi.y-based approaches to di.aster preparedness through exi.ti.g communi.y groups to strengthen soci.l connecti.ns wi.h a focus on locally speci.i. hazards. The fi.di.gs from thi. research can be appli.d to other hazards, i.cludi.g heatwaves and pandemi.s.

关键词： Canada Communi.y-based di.aster ri.k management Di.aster awareness and preparedness Di.aster resi.i.nce Natural hazards Older adults

Determi.ati.n of Competi.i.e Adsorpti.n and Desorpti.n of Heavy Metals by i.otherm and Sequenti.l Extracti.n Methods i. Di.ferent Soi. Orders i. Erzurum Plai.

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Journal of Agri.ultural Sci.nce and Technology 2010年第6期4卷 20-33页

作者： M. Turan S. Ata A. Gunes N. Ataoglu A. Esri.gu O. Uzun M. Ozgul M. Y. Canbolat i. bogdan Department of Soi. Sci.nce Faculty of Agriculture Atatiirk University Erzurum 25240 Turkey Department of Agrotecni.a University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca 400372 Romania

The objecti.e of thi. study was to DTPA （complexi.n agent） and a sequenti.l extracti.n procedure, and adsorpti.n-desorpti.n i.otherm （competi.i.e） evaluate the mobi.i.y and di.tri.uti.n of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Cd, Ni. and Pb usi.g the i. surface samples of fi.e soi. great groups di.feri.g i. thei. physi.ochemi.al properti.s. For determi.i.g heavy metal adsorpti.n and desorpti.n capaci.i.s of soi. samples, si. di.ferent concentrati.ns （0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg Lt） were used i. a laboratory experi.ent wi.h tree repli.ati.ns. An analyti.al procedure i.volvi.g sequenti.l chemi.al extracti.ns has been used for parti.i.ni.g of heavy metals i.to fi.e fracti.ns. Sorpti.n i.otherms were characteri.ed usi.g li.ear, Frendli.h and Langmui. equati.ns. The results i.di.ated that the selecti.e sequences of the metal adsorpti.n based on the di.tri.uti.n coeffi.i.nt was Pb〉Cu〉Ni.Cd〉Zn〉Mn〉Fe and Pb, Cu, and Ni.are the most strongly sorbed metals by these soi.s, whereas Cd, Zn and Mn are the least sorbed ones. The total adsorbed amount of these metals on the studi.d soi.s was well descri.ed by Langmui. equati.n. Calci.rthi. had the hi.hset Pb, Cu, Ni. Cd, Zn, Mn, and Fe adsorpti.n, and the sequences followed order Fluvaquent〉Argi.stoll〉Pellustert〉Haplustept of the studi.d soi..

关键词： Adsorpti.n desorpti.n heavy metal sequenti.l analysi. soi. order.

Hi.h i.pact Polylacti.e Based on Organosi.i.on Nucleati.n Agent

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Chi.ese Journal of Polymer Sci.nce 2024年第6期42卷 787-797页

作者： Dari. Pakuła Bogna Sztorch Eli.a Romańczuk-Ruszuk bogdan Marci.i.c Robert E.Przekop Faculty of Chemi.try Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 861-614PoznańPoland Centre for Advanced Technologi.s Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 1061-614PoznańPoland i.sti.ute of Bi.medi.al Engi.eeri.g Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBialystok University of TechnologyWiejska 45C15-351BialystokPoland

Vari.us sectors of the i.dustry are searchi.g for new materi.ls wi.h speci.i. requi.ements,provi.i.g i.proved *** study presents novel composi.e materi.ls based on polylacti.e that have been modi.i.d wi.h the organosi.i.on compound,(3-thi.propyl)polysi.sesqui.xane(SSQ-SH).The SSQ-SH compound i. a mi.ture of cage structures and not fully condensed random *** composi.e materi.ls were obtai.ed through i.jecti.n *** study i.cludes a comprehensi.e characteri.ati.n of the new materi.ls that analyze thei. functi.nal properti.s,such as rheology(MFR),mechani.al strength(tensi.e strength,Charpy i.pact strength),and thermal *** mi.roscopi. photos were also taken to analyze the mi.rostructure of the *** addi.i.n of a 5%by-wei.ht organosi.i.on compound to polylacti.e resulted i. a si.ni.i.ant i.crease i. MFR by 73.8%compared to the neat *** greatest i.provement i. i.pact strength was achi.ved for the 5%SSQ-SH/PLA composi.e,i.creasi.g i. by 32.0 kJ/m^(2)compared to PLA,whi.h represents an i.crease of up to 187%.The conducted research confi.ms the possi.i.i.y of modi.yi.g the properti.s of the polymer by employi.g organosi.i.on compounds.

关键词： Octa(3-thi.propyl)si.sesqui.xane 8SH-POSS Polylacti.e(PLA) i.jecti.n mouldi.g Composi.es

Competi.i.e effect, but not competi.i.e response, vari.s along a cli.ati. gradi.nt dependi.g on tree speci.s i.enti.y

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 142-151页

作者： Teresa Valor Lluís Coll Davi. i.Forrester Hans Pretzsch Mi.en del Río Kami. Bi.lak bogdan Brzezi.cki.Franz Bi.der Torben Hi.mers Zuzana Si.ková Roberto Tognetti.Ai.or Ameztegui Department of Agri.ultural and Forest Sci.nces and Engi.eeri.g(DCEFA) University of LleidaAv.Alcalde Rovira Roure 191E25198 LleidaSpain Joi.t Research Uni. CTFC-AGROTECNi.-CERCA Ctra.Sant LlorençKm.225280SolsonaSpain Swi.s Federal i.sti.ute of Forest Snow and Landscape Research WSLZürcherstrasse 1118903BirmensdorfSwitzerland CSi.O Land and Water GPO Box 1700CanberraACT2601Australia Chai. of Forest Growth and Yi.ld Sci.nce School of Life Sciences WeihenstephanTechnical University of MunichHans-Carl-Von-Carlowitz-Platz 285354FreisingGermany Forest Research Center INIA-CSICCtra.A Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain i.FOR Sustainable Forest Management Research InstituteUniversity of Valladolid&INIASpain Department of Si.vi.ulture Institute of Forest SciencesWarsaw University of Life SciencesNowoursynowska 159/3402776WarsawPoland Bavari.n State i.sti.ute of Forestry(LWF) Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1D-85354FreisingGermany Nati.nal Forest Centre Forest Research InstituteT.G.Masaryka 2296001ZvolenSlovakia Faculty of Agri.ultural Environmental and Food SciencesFree University of Bozen-Bolzano Piazza Università1 I-39100Bolzano

Background: Understandi.g the role of speci.s i.enti.y i. i.teracti.ns among i.di.i.uals i. cruci.l for assessi.g the producti.i.y and stabi.i.y of mi.ed forests over ti.e. However, there i. li.i.ed knowledge concerni.g the vari.ti.n i. competi.i.e effect and response of di.ferent speci.s along cli.ati. gradi.nts. i. thi. study, we i.vesti.ated the i.portance of cli.ate, tree si.e, and competi.i.n on the growth of three tree speci.s: spruce(Pi.ea abi.s), fi.(Abi.s alba), and beech(Fagus sylvati.a), and exami.ed thei. competi.i.e response and effect along a cli.ati. ***: We selected 39 plots di.tri.uted across the European mountai.s wi.h records of the posi.i.n and growth of 5,759 i.di.i.uals. For each target speci.s, models relati.g tree growth to tree si.e, cli.ate and competi.i.n were proposed. Competi.i.n was modelled usi.g a nei.hbourhood competi.i.n i.dex that consi.ered the effects of i.ter-and i.traspeci.i. competi.i.n on target trees. Competi.i.e responses and effects were related to *** methods and i.formati.n theory were used to select the best ***: Our fi.di.gs revealed that competi.i.n had a greater i.pact on target speci.s growth than tree si.e or cli.ate. Cli.ate di. i.fluence the competi.i.e effects of nei.hbouri.g speci.s, but i. di. not affect the target speci.s? response to competi.i.n. The strength of competi.i.e effects vari.d along the gradi.nt, conti.gent on the i.enti.y of the i.teracti.g speci.s. When the target speci.s exhi.i.ed an i.termedi.te competi.i.e effect relati.e to nei.hbouri.g speci.s, both hi.her i.ter-than i.traspeci.i. competi.i.e effects and competi.i.n reducti.n occurred along the gradi.nt. Notably, speci.s competi.i.e effects were most pronounced when the target speci.s' growth was at i.s peak and weakest when growi.g condi.i.ns were far from thei. ***: Cli.ate modulates the effects of competi.i.n from nei.hbouri.g trees on the target tree and not the suscepti.i.i.y of th

关键词： Competi.i.n coeffi.i.nt Competi.i.n reducti.n i.terspeci.i. competi.i.n i.traspeci.i. competi.i.n Mi.i.g effects Mi.ed speci.s forest Nei.hbourhood models Plant-plant i.teracti.ns

Hi.h-speed performance self-powered short wave ultravi.let radi.ti.n detectors based onκ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)

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Journal of Semi.onductors 2024年第4期45卷 56-62页

作者： Aleksei.Almaev Alexander Tsymbalov bogdan Kushnarev Vladi.i. Ni.olaev Alexei.Pechni.ov Mi.hai. Scheglov Andrei.Chi.i.yaka Petr Korusenko Research and Development Center for Advanced Technologi.s i. Mi.roelectroni.s National Research Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Fokon LLC Kaluga 248035Russia Department of Semi.onductor Electroni.s and Physi.s of Semi.onductors National University of Science and Technology MISISMoscow 119049Russia Perfect Crystals LLC Saint Petersburg 194223Russia Department of Soli.-State Electroni.s Saint Petersburg State UniversitySaint Petersburg 199034Russia Department of Physi.s Omsk State Technical UniversityOmsk 644050Russia

Hi.h-speed solar-bli.d short wavelength ultravi.let radi.ti.n detectors based onκ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)layers wi.h Pt contacts were demonstrated and thei. properti.s were studi.d i. ***κ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)layers were deposi.ed by the hali.e vapor phase epi.axy on patterned GaN templates wi.h sapphi.e *** spectral dependenci.s of the photoelectri. properti.s of struc-tures were analyzed i. the wavelength i.terval 200-370 *** maxi.um photo to dark current rati.,responsi.i.y,detecti.-i.y and external quantum effi.i.ncy of structures were determi.ed as:180.86 ***.,3.57 A/W,1.78×10^(12) Hz^(0.5)∙cm·W^(-1) and 2193.6%,respecti.ely,at a wavelength of 200 nm and an appli.d voltage of 1 *** enhancement of the photoresponse was caused by the decrease i. the Schottky barri.r at the Pt/κ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)i.terface under ultravi.let *** detectors demon-strated could functi.nali.e i. self-powered mode due to bui.t-i. electri. fi.ld at the Pt/κ(ε)-Ga_(2)O_(3)*** responsi.i.y and external quantum effi.i.ncy of the structures at a wavelength of 254 nm and zero appli.d voltage were 0.9 mA/W and 0.46%,*** ri.e and decay ti.es i. self-powered mode di. not exceed 100 ms.

关键词： κ(ε)-galli.m oxi.e solar-bli.d shortwave ultravi.let radi.ti.n detectors self-powered operati.n mode

Self-powered UVC detectors based on α-Ga_(2)O_(3) wi.h enchanted speed performance

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Journal of Semi.onductors 2024年第8期45卷 74-80页

作者： Aleksei.Almaev Alexander Tsymbalov bogdan Kushnarev Vladi.i. Ni.olaev Alexei.Pechni.ov Mi.hai. Scheglov Andrei.Chi.i.yaka Laboratory of Metal Oxi.e Semi.onductors Research and Development Center for Advanced Technologies in MicroelectronicsNational Research Tomsk State UniversityTomsk 634050Russia Fokon LLC Kaluga 248035Russia Department of Semi.onductor Electroni.s and Physi.s of Semi.onductors National University of Science and Technology MISISMoscow 119049Russia Perfect Crystals LLC Saint Petersburg 194223Russia

Detectors were developed for detecti.g i.radi.ti.n i. the short-wavelength ultravi.let(UVC)i.terval usi.g hi.h-quali.y si.gle-crystalli.eα-Ga_(2)O_(3) fi.ms wi.h Pt i.terdi.i.al *** fi.ms ofα-Ga_(2)O_(3) were grown on planar sapphi.e substrates wi.h c-plane ori.ntati.n usi.g hali.e vapor phase *** spectral dependenci.s of the photo to dark current rati.,responsi.i.y,external quantum effi.i.ncy and detecti.i.y of the structures were i.vesti.ated i. the wavelength i.terval of 200−370 *** maxi.um of photo to dark current rati.,responsi.i.y,external quantum effi.i.ncy,and detecti.i.y of the structures were 1.16×10^(4) ***.,30.6 A/W,1.65×10^(4)%,and 6.95×10^(15) Hz^(0.5)·cm/W at a wavelength of 230 nm and an appli.d voltage of 1 *** hi.h values of photoelectri. properti.s were due to the i.ternal enhancement of the photoresponse associ.ted wi.h strong hole ***α-Ga_(2)O_(3) fi.m-based UVC detectors can functi.n i. self-powered operati.n mode due to the bui.t-i. electri. fi.ld at the Pt/α-Ga_(2)O_(3) *** a wavelength of 254 nm and zero appli.d voltage,the structures exhi.i. a responsi.i.y of 0.13 mA/W and an external quantum effi.i.ncy of 6.2×10^(−2)%.The UVC detectors based on theα-Ga_(2)O_(3) fi.ms demonstrate hi.h-speed performance wi.h a ri.e ti.e of 18 ms i. self-powered mode.

关键词： HVPE galli.m oxi.e solar-bli.d ultravi.let detector self-powered mode

Di.gnosti. and therapeuti. role of endoscopi. ultrasound i. li.er di.eases:A systemati. revi.w and meta-analysi.

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第7期30卷 742-758页

作者： Eyad Gadour Abeer Awad Zei.ab Hassan Khali. Jebri. Shrwani.bogdan Mi.tescu Hussei. Hassan Okasha Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology King Abdulaziz Hospital-National GuardAhsa 31982Saudi Arabia Department of i.ternal Medi.i.e Faculty of MedicineZamzam University CollegeKhartoum 11113Sudan Department of Hepatogastroenterology Kasar Alainy HospitalFaculty of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11451Egypt Department of i.ternal Medi.i.e Stockport Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustManchester SK27JEUnited Kingdom Publi. Health Authori.y Saudi Center for Disease Prevention and ControlJazan 45142Saudi Arabia Department of Cli.i.al i.fecti.n Microbiology and ImmunologyInstitute of Infection and Global HealthSchool of Medicine and Life SciencesUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUnited Kingdom Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Victor Babes University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 300041Romania Advanced Regi.nal Research Center i. Gastroenterology and Hepatology Victor Babes University of Medicine and PharmacyTimisoara 30041Romania Department of i.ternal Medi.i.e Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyKasr Al-Aini School of MedicineCairo UniversityCairo 11562Egypt

BACKGROUND i. hepatology,the cli.i.al use of endoscopi. ultrasound(EUS)has experi.nced a notable i.crease i. recent *** appli.ati.ns range from the di.gnosi. to the treatment of vari.us li.er ***,thi. systemati. revi.w summari.es the evi.ence for the di.gnosti. and therapeuti. roles of EUS i. li.er *** To exami.e and summari.e the current avai.able evi.ence of the possi.le roles of the EUS i. maki.g a sui.able di.gnosi. i. li.er di.eases as well as the therapeuti. accuracy and *** PubMed,Medli.e,Cochrane Li.rary,Web of Sci.nce,and Google Scholar databases were extensi.ely searched unti. October *** methodologi.al quali.y of the eli.i.le arti.les was assessed usi.g the Newcastle-Ottawa scale or Cochrane Ri.k of Bi.s *** addi.i.n,stati.ti.al analyses were performed usi.g the Comprehensi.e Meta-Analysi. *** Overall,45 arti.les on EUS were i.cluded(28 on di.gnosti. role and 17 on therapeuti. role).Pooled analysi. demonstrated that EUS di.gnosti. tests had an accuracy of 92.4%for focal li.er lesi.ns(FLL)and 96.6%for parenchymal li.er ***-gui.ed li.er bi.psi.s wi.h ei.her fi.e needle aspi.ati.n or fi.e needle bi.psy had low compli.ati.n rates when sampli.g FLL and parenchymal li.er di.eases(3.1%and 8.7%,respecti.ely).Analysi. of data from four studi.s showed that EUS-gui.ed li.er abscess had hi.h cli.i.al(90.7%)and techni.al success(90.7%)wi.hout si.ni.i.ant ***,EUS-gui.ed i.terventi.ns for the treatment of gastri. vari.es(GV)have hi.h techni.al success(98%)and GV obli.erati.n rate(84%)wi.h few compli.ati.ns(15%)and rebleedi.g events(17%).CONCLUSi.N EUS i. li.er di.eases i. a promi.i.g techni.ue wi.h the potenti.l to be consi.ered a fi.st-li.e therapeuti. and di.gnosti. opti.n i. selected cases.

关键词： Focal li.er lesi.n Li.er abscess drai.age Fi.e needle aspi.ati.n Gastri. vari.es Endoscopi. ultrasound