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Novel technique for measurement of coating layer thickness of fine and porous particles using focused ion beam

Particuology 2019年第1期17卷 190-198页

作者： M. Goslinska i. Selmer C. Kleemann U.Kulozik i. smirnova S. Heinrich Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Solids Process Engineering and Particle TechnologyDenickestr1521073 HamburgGermany Hamburg University of Technology Institute of Thermal Separation ProcessesEiJ^endorfer Str. 3821073 HamburgGermany Technical University of Munich Chair of Food and Bioprocess EngineeringWeihenstephaner Berg 185354 FreisingGermany

A novel technique for the measurement of the coating layer thickness of fine particles was developed in this work based on cross-sectioning of micrometre-sized single coated particles using focused ion beam (FiB) milling. This technique was tested on two batches of aerogel particles coated with thin coatings in a spouted bed. The FiB milling procedure consisted of two steps. First, the desired part of the coated particle was removed using a high ion beam current. The resulting cross-sectioned area was then polished using a lower ion beam current to make the cross-section clearly visible. The FiB milling process was controlled with simultaneous scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Afterwards, the coating layer thickness was evaluated using the SEM images. The coating layer was successfully applied on the porous aerogel microparticles in the spouted bed. The coating uniformity of the highly porous particles increased with increasing sprayed coating solution amount, with up to 91% of the particle pores being covered. The FiB-cross-sectioning technique using an ion beam of 2.50 nA for the first milling and 0.43 nA for polishing of the surface resulted in successful generation of cross-sections of representative particles with a visible particle core and coating layer. A coating layer thickness of approximately 700 nm was achieved on particles with sizes of below 45 μm.

关键词： Coating layer thickness Focused ion beam Microparticle Aerogel Spouted bed Dilute spouting

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incubation of PbSe Thin Films in a Tin(Ⅱ) Salt Aqueous Solution:Modification and ion-Exchange Reactions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2015年第8期31卷 790-797页

作者： Zinaida i.smirnova Larisa N.Maskaeva Vyacheslav F.Markov Vladimir i.Voronin Mikhail V.Kuznetsov Ural Federal University(named after the First President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin) ul.Mira 19Yekaterinburg620002Russia Ural institute of State Fire Service of EMERCOM of Russia Yekaterinburgul.Mira 22620062Russia institute of Metal Physics Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciencesul.S.Kovalevskoy 18Yekaterinburg620041Russia institute of Solid State Chemistry Ural BranchRussian Academy of Sciencesul.Pervomaiskaya 91Yekaterinburg620990Russia

Topochemical ion-exchange reactions between solid micro- and nanostructured metal chalcogenides and aqueous salt solutions are generally used for formation of composite structures based on initial metal chalcogenides and products of their ion-exchange transformation. However, ion exchange has promises as a route to obtaining both composites and solid solutions based on the initial and the end chalcogenide phases. With the help of the ion-exchange technique, single-phase films of Phi xSnxSe substitutional solid solutions with a tin content up to -2 at.%, which are promising for mid- and long-wavelength infrared radiation （iR） optoelectronics, have been obtained at the interface between PbSe poly- crystalline thin films and SnCl2 aqueous solutions containing sodium citrate. it has been shown that the pH value and temperature of the reaction system play an important role in the ion-exchange process. incubation of lead selenide （PbSe） films in a tin（ii） salt aqueous solution also leads to their modification with oxygen-containing tin compounds to a depth of-3 nm. Differences in the film structure, such as changes in the coherent scattering region sizes and orientation of crystallites along the [220] direction, which arise during the contact with citrate-containing SnCl2 solutions, have also been revealed. For the first time, an idea of the existence of a relatively wide reaction zone of an intragranular topochemical ion-exchange reaction in an aqueous solution, within which substitutional solid solutions can form in micro- and nanostructured systems, has been set forth.

关键词： ion-exchange synthesis Thin films Lead selenide Tin selenide Substitutional solid solutions Topochemical reaction

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Predicting effects of tunnel throttling of annular freeway vehicular flow by a continuum model

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2024年第4期11卷 733-746页

作者： Zhongmin Huang M.N.smirnova N.N.Smirnov Zuojin Zhu Faculty of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China institute of Plasma Physics Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics Lomonosov Moscow State UniversityMoscow 119992Russia

Fluid flow throttling is common in industrial and building services *** tunnel throttling of vehicular flow is caused by the abrupt number reduction of roadway lane,as the tunnel has a lower lane number than in the roadway normal *** predict the effects of tunnel throttling of annular freeway vehicular flow,a three-lane continuum model is ***Ⅲof the tunnel is completely blocked due to the need of tunnel rehabilitation,*** exists mandatory net lane-changing rate from laneⅢto laneⅡjust upstream of the tunnel entrance,which is described by a model of random number generated through a golden section *** net-changing rate between adjacent lanes is modeled using a lane-changing time expressed explicitly in algebraic *** paper assumes that the annular freeway has a total length of 100 km,a two-lane tunnel of length 2 km with a speed limit of 80 km/*** free flow speeds on lanesⅠ,ⅡandⅢare assumed to be 110,100 and 90 km/h *** on the three-lane continuum model,numerical simulations of vehicular flows on the annular freeway with such a tunnel are conducted with a reliable numerical method of 3rd-order *** results reveal that the vehicular flow has a smaller threshold of traffic jam formation in comparison with the case without tunnel *** fuel consumption can be estimated by interpolation with time averaged grid traffic speed and an assumed curve of vehicle *** vehicle fuel consumption is lane number dependent,distributes with initial density concavely,ranging from 5.56 to 8.00 *** throttling leads to an earlier traffic jam formation in comparison with the case without tunnel throttling.

关键词： Effects of tunnel throttling Vehicle fuel consumption Travel time Threshold of traffic jam formation Continuum model

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中国与俄罗斯食品质量安全标准比较

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上海农业学报 2011年第3期27卷 84-88页

作者：李诚郑佳 L.Ostroumov A.Prosekov A.Zheleznov1 i.smirnova L．0stroumov A．Prosekov1 1A．Zheleznov 1i．smirnova 四川农业大学食品学院雅安625000 俄罗斯克麦罗沃州食品工业技术研究所克麦罗沃州650056

分析和比较了中国与俄罗斯两个国家之间的食品质量安全标准体系,以奶酪制造为例,着重找出两者之间的差异和不足,为两国在奶酪制造领域的交流和合作奠定基础。

关键词：食品工业质量安全标准奶酪中国俄罗斯 GOST GB

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俄罗斯和中国食品质量标准比较分析——以奶酪标准为例

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中国乳业 2010年第2期 52-56页

作者： L Ostroumov A Prosekov A Zheleznov i smirnova 郑佳李诚俄罗斯克麦罗沃州食品工业技术研究所四川农业大学食品学院

随着经济全球化进程的加快,世界各国间的经济纽带变得更加紧密和复杂。中国和俄罗斯作为世界两大生产国,且互为邻国,有着更为密切的联系。本文以食品工业中奶酪制造为例,比较和分析了中国和俄罗斯的质量标准体系,着重找出两国之间的差异... 详细信息

随着经济全球化进程的加快,世界各国间的经济纽带变得更加紧密和复杂。中国和俄罗斯作为世界两大生产国,且互为邻国,有着更为密切的联系。本文以食品工业中奶酪制造为例,比较和分析了中国和俄罗斯的质量标准体系,着重找出两国之间的差异,为两国在奶酪制造领域的交流和合作提供一定理论基础。

关键词：中国俄罗斯标准食品奶酪

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中国与俄罗斯食品质量标准比较(英文)

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食品与发酵科技 2010年第3期46卷 10-13,54页

作者：李诚郑佳 L.Ostroumov A.Prosekov A.Zheleznov i.smirnova 四川农业大学食品学院雅安625000 俄罗斯克麦罗沃州食品工业技术研究所克麦罗沃州650056

本文对中国与俄罗斯两个国家之间的食品质量标准体系进行比较和分析。以食品工业中奶酪制造为例,着重找出两者之间的差异和不足,为两国在奶酪制造领域的交流和合作奠定基础。

关键词：中国俄罗斯标准食品奶酪 GOST GB

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激光通道空间分离式多色激光器的输出光谱

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中国激光 1994年第2期21卷 121-125页

作者：方香云赵鸿周寿桓华北光电所

在稳态和准稳态近似下求解速率方程，计算了激光通道空间分离式激光器的输出光谱。从理论上和实验上对通过改变泵浦功率在增益介质上的分布而获得预先所需的光谱输出的激光器特性进行了研究。

关键词：光谱染料激光器激光光谱

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家是梦想的城堡Olesya smirnova白的儿童摄影

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人像摄影 2024年第6期 12-25页

作者：奥莱西亚·斯米尔诺娃(摄影) Demi(采访/文) 不详

从建筑师到摄影师奥莱西亚·斯米尔诺娃(Olesya smirnova),今年40岁,俄罗斯著名儿童摄影师。她的作品细腻、真诚、治愈,充满童趣又极具感染力。Olesya居住在俄罗斯的“金环”城市雅罗斯拉夫尔,这是俄罗斯最古老、历史最悠久的城市之一。

关键词：儿童摄影米尔诺俄罗斯摄影师 Sm

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Travel time prediction with viscoelastic traffic model

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2018年第12期39卷 1769-1788页

作者： Yongliang ZHANG M.N.smirnova A.i.BOGDANOVA Zuojin ZHU N.N.SMiRNOV Faculty of Engineering Science University of Science and Technology of China Faculty of Mechanics and Mathematics Moscow M.V.Lomonosov State University Scientific Research institute for System Analysis Russian Academy of Sciences

Travel time through a ring road with a total length of 80 km has been predicted by a viscoelastic traffic model(VEM), which is developed in analogous to the non-Newtonian fluid flow. The VEM expresses a traffic pressure for the unfree flow case by space headway, ensuring that the pressure can be determined by the assumption that the relevant second critical sound speed is exactly equal to the disturbance propagation speed determined by the free flow speed and the braking distance measured by the average vehicular length. The VEM assumes that the sound speed for the free flow case depends on the traffic density in some specific aspects, which ensures that it is exactly identical to the free flow speed on an empty road. To make a comparison, the open Navier-Stokes type model developed by Zhang(ZHANG, H. M. Driver memory, traffic viscosity and a viscous vehicular traffic flow model. Transp. Res. Part B, 37, 27–41(2003)) is adopted to predict the travel time through the ring road for providing the counterpart *** the traffic free flow speed is 80 km/h, the braking distance is supposed to be 45 m,with the jam density uniquely determined by the average length of vehicles l ≈ 5.8 m. To avoid possible singular points in travel time prediction, a distinguishing period for time averaging is pre-assigned to be 7.5 minutes. it is found that the travel time increases monotonically with the initial traffic density on the ring road. Without ramp effects, for the ring road with the initial density less than the second critical density, the travel time can be simply predicted by using the equilibrium speed. However, this simpler approach is unavailable for scenarios over the second critical.

关键词： travel time viscoelastic modeling distinguishing period for time averaging spatial-temporal pattern traffic jam

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influence of polyolefin fibers on the strength and deformability properties of road pavement concrete

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2019年第4期6卷 407-417页

作者： Olga smirnova Alexey Kharitonov Yuriy Belentsov Department of Constructing Mining Enterprises and Underground Structures Saint-Petersburg Mining UniversitySaint Petersburg 199106Russia Department of Technology of Building Materials and Metrology Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil EngineeringSaint Petersburg 190005Russia Department of Building Materials and Technologies Emperor Alexander I St.Petersburg State Transport UniversitySaint Petersburg 190031Russia

influence of the type and quantity of polyolefin fibers on the strength properties(compression strength, tensile strength in bending, strength in uniaxial tension), the deformation properties(elastic modulus, Poisson’s coefficient) and the abrasion resistance of cement concrete with water-to-cement ratio within 0.31 e0.55 were stated in the *** ways of fibers introduction into fresh concrete were investigated. it was shown that the fibers introduction method and procedure of mixing are the ways to improve the fibers uniform distribution in fresh concrete. The increase of the bending tensile strength and the uniaxial tensile strength of concrete with fibers reinforcement in comparison with the reference concrete was observed with the water-to-cement ratio decrease. The increase of uniaxial tensile strength at age of 28 days for concrete with macrofibers in amount of4.5 kg/m^3 was 23% and 29%;for macrofibers in quantity of 3 kg/m^3 was 19% and 26% with water-cement ratio equal to 0.49 and 0.31, respectively. The maximum reduction of abrasion in the range of 7.5%e10% was observed in concrete with water-to-cement ratio within0.44 e0.55 for all investigated types of fibers. The influence of fibers on the concrete abrasion with lower W/C ratio was negligible. The results can contribute to the rational use of modified polyolefin fibers in road pavement concrete.

关键词： Road pavement concrete Polyolefin fibers Strength Elastic modulus Abrasion Water-to-cement ratio

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