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Mechanism of spinal cord injury regeneration and the effect of human neural stem cells-secretome treatment in rat model

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第2期14卷 64-82页

作者： i nyoman semita Dwikora Novembri Utomo Heri Suroto Doctoral Program of Medical Science Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya 60132Indonesia Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JemberJember 68121Indonesia Department of Orthopedic and Traumatology Faculty of MedicineUniversitas AirlanggaSurabaya 60118East JavaIndonesia

BACKGROUND Globally,complete neurological recovery of spinal cord injury(SCi)is still less than 1%,and 90%experience permanent disability.The key issue is that a pharmacological neuroprotective-neuroregenerative agent and SCi regeneration mechanism have not been found.The secretomes of stem cell are an emerging neurotrophic agent,but the effect of human neural stem cells(HNSCs)secretome on SCi is still unclear.AiM To investigate the regeneration mechanism of SCi and neuroprotective-neuroregenerative effects of HNSCs-secretome on subacute SCi post-laminectomy in rats.METHODS An experimental study was conducted with 45 Rattus norvegicus,divided into 15 normal,15 control(10 mL physiologic saline),and 15 treatment(30μL HNSCssecretome,intrathecal T10,three days post-traumatic).Locomotor function was evaluated weekly by blinded evaluators.Fifty-six days post-injury,specimens were collected,and spinal cord lesion,free radical oxidative stress(F2-isoprostanes),nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB),matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP9),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),interleukin-10(iL-10),transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),B cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2),nestin,brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF),glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)were analyzed.The SCi regeneration mechanism was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling(PLS SEM).RESULTS HNSCs-secretome significantly improved locomotor recovery according to Basso,Beattie,Bresnahan(BBB)scores and increased neurogenesis(nestin,BDNF,and GDNF),neuroangiogenesis(VEGF),anti-apoptotic(Bcl-2),anti-inflammatory(iL-10 and TGF-β),but decreased proinflammatory(NF-κB,MMP9,TNF-α),F2-isoprostanes,and spinal cord lesion size.The SCi regeneration mechanism is valid by analyzed outer model,inner model,and hypothesis testing in PLS SEM,started with pro-inflammation followed by anti-inflammation,anti-apoptotic,neuroangiogenesis,neurogenesis,and locomotor function.CONCLUSiON HNSCs-secretome as a potential neuroprotective-neur

关键词： Secretome Regeneration mechanism Spinal cord injury Locomotor Biomarkers

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