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3D cellular visualization of intact mouse tooth using optical clearing without decalcification

International Journal of Oral Science 2019年第3期11卷 223-230页

作者： Sujung Hong Jingu Lee Jin Man kim Sun-Young kim hyung-Ryong kim Pilhan kim Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guRepublic of Korea KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Deahak-roYuseong-guRepublic of Korea Department of Dentistry CHA Bundang Medical CenterCHA UniversitySeongnamRepublic of Korea Department of Conservative Dentistry and Dental Research Institute Seoul National University School of Dentistry101 Daehak-roJongno-guRepublic of Korea College of Dentistry Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN)Dankook UniversityCheonanRepublic of Korea Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak-roYuseong-guRepublic of Korea

Dental pulp is composed of nerves,blood vessels,and various types of cells and surrounded by a thick and hard enamel-dentin *** to its importance in the maintenance of tooth vitality,there have been intensive efforts to analyze the complex cellularlevel organization of the dental pulp in *** conventional histologic analysis has provided microscopic images of the dental pulp,3-dimensional (3D) cellular-level visualization of the whole dental pulp in an intact tooth has remained a technically challenging *** is mainly due to the inevitable disruption and loss of microscopic structural features during the process of mechanical sectioning required for the preparation of the tooth sample for histological *** accomplish 3D microscopic observation of thick intact tissue,various optical clearing techniques have been developed mostly for soft tissue,and their application for hard tissues such as bone and teeth has only recently started to be *** this work,we established a simple and rapid optical clearing technique for intact mouse teeth without the time-consuming process of *** achieved 3D cellular-level visualization of the microvasculature and various immune cell distributions in the whole dental pulp of mouse teeth under normal and pathologic *** technique could be used to enable diverse research methods on tooth development and regeneration by providing 3D visualization of various pulpal cells in intact mouse teeth.

关键词： blood vessels Dental pulp soft tissue

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Poly-gamma-glutamic acid from Bacillus subtilis upregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines while inhibiting NLRP3, NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasome activation

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第2期15卷 111-119页

作者： Huijeong Ahn Seung Goo Kang Sung-il Yoon Pyeung-Hyeun kim Doo kim Geun-shik Lee College of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341GangwonRepublic of Korea Department of Systems Immunology College of Biomedical ScienceKangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341GangwonRepublic of Korea Department of Molecular Bioscience School of Biomedical ScienceKangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341GangwonRepublic of Korea

Poly-gamma-glutamic acid(γ-PGA)is a natural,edible and non-toxic polymer synthesized by Bacillus subtilis and is suggested as a safe biomaterial for the use in hydrogels and vaccine ***,the effect ofγ-PGA on inflammasome activation has not yet been studied in ***,which are intracellular multi-protein complexes,promote acute and chronic inflammation via interleukin-1βor interleukin-18 maturation,and they are known targets for metabolic syndromes and *** this study,we observed thatγ-PGA attenuated NLRP3,NLRC4 and AIM2 inflammasome activation,whereas it upregulated pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in human and murine ***γ-PGA had conflicting effects on cytokine production and maturation,it clearly alleviated the severity of lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxin shock in an animal ***,we suggestγ-PGA as a candidate to control inflammasome-mediated disorders.

关键词： Cheonggukjang cytokines inflammasome macrophages poly-gamma-glutamate

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Uncertainty analysis of flow rate measurement for multiphase flow using CFD

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2015年第5期31卷 698-707页

作者： Joon-hyung kim Uk-Hee Jung Sung kim Joon-Yong Yoon Young-Seok Choi Department of Mechanical Design Engineering Hanyang University Thermal & Fluid System R&BD Group Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Energy System Engineering University of Science and Technology

The venturi meter has an advantage in its use,because it can measure flow without being much affected by the type of the measured fluid or flow ***,it has excellent versatility and is being widely applied in many *** flow of a liquid containing air is a representative example of a multiphase flow and exhibits complex flow *** particular,the greater the gas volume fraction（GVF）,the more inhomogeneous the flow *** a result,using a venturi meter to measure the rate of a flow that has a high GVF generates an *** this study,the cause of the error occurred in measuring the flow rate for the multiphase flow when using the venturi meter for analysis by *** ensure the reliability of this study,the accuracy of the multiphase flow models for numerical analysis was verified through comparison between the calculated results of numerical analysis and the experimental *** a result,the Grace model,which is a multiphase flow model established by an experiment with water and air,was confirmed to have the highest ***,the characteristics of the internal flow Held about the multiphase flow analysis result generated by applying the Grace model were analyzed to find the cause of the uncertainty occurring when measuring the flow rate of the multiphase flow using the venturi meter.A phase separation phenomenon occurred due to a density difference of water and air inside the venturi,and flow inhomogeneity happened according to the flow velocity difference of each *** was confirmed that this flow inhomogeneity increased as the GVF increased due to the uncertainty of the flow measurement.

关键词： Multiphase flow Measurement Numerical analysis Venturi meter Gas volume fraction(GVF) Uncertainty Multiphase flow model Grace model

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Effects of structure and electronic properties of D-π-A organic dyes on photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第3期30卷 208-216页

作者： Min-Woo Lee Jae-Yup kim hyung-Geun Lee Hyun Gil Cha Duck-hyung Lee Min Jae Ko Bio-Based Chemistry Research Center Advanced Convergent Chemistry DivisionKorea Research Institute of Chemical Technology(KRICT)Ulsan 44429Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Dankook UniversityYongin 16890Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Sogang UniversitySeoul 04107Republic of Korea Department of Chemical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea Institute of Nano Science and Technology Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea

Herein,we examine the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells containing five D-π-A organic dyes designed by systematic modification of π-bridge size and geometric *** dye has a simple push-pull structure with a triarylamino group as an electron donor,bithiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta 1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M11),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophenethiophene(M12),thiophene-4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M13),4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene-benzene(M14),and 4,4-dimethyl-4 H-cyclopenta[1,2-b:5,4-b’]dithiophene(M15)units asπ-bridges,and cyanoacrylic acid as an electron acceptor/*** extension of theπ-bridge linkage favors wide-range absorption but,because of the concomitant molecular volume increase,hinders the efficient adsorption of dyes on the TiO_(2) film ***,higher loadings are achieved for smaller dye molecules,resulting in(i)a shift of the TiO_(2) conduction band edge to more negative values,(ii)a greater photocurrent,and(iii)suppressed charge recombination between the photoanode and the redox couple in the ***,under one-sun equivalent illumination(AM 1.5 G,100 mW/cm^(2)),the highest photovoltage,photocurrent,and conversion efficiency(η=7.19%)are observed for M15,which has the smallest molecular volume among M series dyes.

关键词： Dye-sensitized solar cells Donor-acceptor dyes Electron-rich unit Wide-range absorption Impedance spectroscopy

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Leptin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression in colorectal adenoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第6期18卷 557-562页

作者： hyung Hun kim You Sun kim Yun Kyung Kang Jeong Seop Moon Department of Internal Medicine Seoul Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoul 100-032South Korea Department of Pathology Seoul Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoul 100-032South Korea Hyung Hun Kim Department of Internal Medicine Kosin University College of MedicineBusan 602-702South Korea

AIM:To investigate the expressions of leptin and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARG) in relation to body mass index(BMI).METHODS:We evaluated leptin and PPARG expression in 30 adenomas over 1 cm in size by immunohistochemical *** addition,clinicopathologic features including BMI were ***:PPARG and leptin expression showed a strong positive correlation(P = 0.035).The average BMI of the leptin-positive group was higher than that of the leptin-negative group(25.4 ± 3.4 kg/m 2 vs 22.6 ± 2.4 kg/m 2,P = 0.018),and leptin expression was significantly correlated with high BMI(P = 0.024).Leptinexpression was more frequently observed in intermediate/high grade dysplasia than in low grade dysplasia(P = 0.030).However,PPARG expression was not correlated with BMI and grade of ***:BMI has influenced on the leptin expression of colorectal *** exact mechanism underlies the strong correlation between leptin and PPARG expression needs further study.

关键词：过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体瘦素肠腺免疫组织化学染色质量指数 BMI 病理特征平均体重

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Site-Specific Zonation of Seismic Site Effects by Optimization of the Expert GIS-Based Geotechnical Information System for Western Coastal Urban Areas in South Korea

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2019年第1期10卷 117-133页

作者： Han-Saem kim Chang-Guk Sun hyung-Ik Cho Earthquake Research Center Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources Geological Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Earthquake-induced disasters are often more severe over soft soils than over firm soils or rocks owing to the seismic site effects related to the amplification of ground motion. On a regional scale, such differences can be estimated by spatially predicting the subsurface soil thickness over the entire target area. Generally, soil deposits are deeper in coastal or riverside areas than in inland regions. In this study, the seismic site effects in the coastal metropolitan areas of Incheon and Bucheon, South Korea, were assessed to provide information on seismic hazards. Spatial prediction of geotechnical layers was performed for the entire study area within an advanced GIS framework. Approximately 7500 existing borehole records in the Incheon and Bucheon areas were gathered and archived into a GIS database. Surface geotechnical data were acquired from a walk-over survey. Based on the optimized geo-data, spatial zoning maps of site-specific seismic response parameters, based on multiscale geospatial modeling, were created and presented for use in a regional seismic mitigation strategy. Seismic zonation was also performed to determine site coefficients for seismic design over the entire target area and to compare them with each other. We verified that the geotechnical data based spatial zonation would be useful for seismic hazard mitigation.

关键词： Coastal urban areas Geodata Geostatistical spatial zonation Seismic site effects Site classification South Korea

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Label-free Detection for a DNA Methylation Assay Using Raman Spectroscopy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第16期130卷 1961-1967页

作者： Jeongho kim Hae Jeong Park Jae hyung kim Boksoon Chang Hun-Kuk Park Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea Department of Pharmacology College of Medicine Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong Seoul 05278 Korea Department of Medical Engineering Graduate School Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Korea

Background： DNA methylation has been suggested as a biomarker for early cancer detection and treatment. Varieties of technologies for detecting DNA methylation have been developed, but they are not sufficiently sensitive for use in diagnostic devices. The aim of this study was to determine the suitability of Raman spectroscopy for label-free detection of methylated DNA. Methods： The methylated promoter regions of cancer-related genes cadherin 1 （CDH1） and retinoic acid receptor beta （RARB） served as target DNA sequences. Based on bisulfite conversion, oligonucleotides ofmethylated or nonmethylated probes and targets were synthesized for the DNA methylation assay. Principal component analysis with linear discriminant analysis （PCA-DA） was used to discriminate the hybridization between probes and targets （methylated probe and methylated target or nonmethylated probe and nonmethylated target） of CDH! and RARB from nonhybridization between the probe and targets （methylated probe and nonmethylated target or nonmethylated probe and methylated target）. Results： This study revealed that the CDH1 and RARB oligo sets and their hybridization data could be classified using PCA-DA. The classification results for CDH1 methylated probe ＋ CDH1 methylated target versus CDH! methylated probe ＋ CDHI unmethylated target showed sensitivity, specificity, and error rates of 92%, 100%, and 8%, respectively. The classification results for the RARB methylated probe ＋ RARB methylated target versus RARB methylated probe ＋ RARB unmethylated target showed sensitivity, specificity, and error rates of 92%, 93%, and 11%, respectively. Conclusions： Label-free detection ofDNA methylation could be achieved using Raman spectroscopy with discriminant analysis.

关键词： DNA Methylation Label-free Detection Linear Discriminant Analysis Principal Component Analysis RamanSpectroscopy

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Effect of CaO addition on ignition behavior in molten AZ31 and AZ91D Magnesium alloys

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Rare Metals 2006年第Z2期25卷 155-159页

作者： LEE Jin-Kyu JO hyung-Ho kim Shae K. Department of Advanced Material Engineering Sungkyunkwan University 300 Chunchun-dong Jangan-gu Suwon Gyunggi-do 440-746 KoreaAdvanced Material Center Korea Institute of Industrial Technology 7-47 Songdo-dong Yeonsu-gu Incheon 406-840 Korea dvanced Material Center Korea Institute of Industrial Technology 7-47 Songdo-dong Yeonsu-gu Incheon 406-840 Korea

Mg alloys have been widely used in automobile and electronic industries because of high specific strength, good castability, etc. However, molten Mg alloys will burn rapidly in air if not protected. To solve this problem, the molten metal should be protected from oxidation by blanketing the surface with flux or protective gases. SF6 gas is widely used for Mg alloys as a cover gas and has proved to be a successful inhibitor. However, the use of SF6 gas is limited because of its high cost and its significant impact on non-global warming potential. Therefore, SF6 gas is being replaced by alternative protection gases. Recent studies show that there has been another attempt by adding CaO into Mg alloys. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of CaO on the minimum amount of protective gas, which is necessary not to make ignition in the molten AZ31 and AZ91 Mg alloys.

关键词： AZ91 AZ31 CaO clean production ignition resistance

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Incremental expectation maximization principal component analysis for missing value imputation for coevolving EEG data

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science C(Computers and Electronics) 2011年第8期12卷 687-697页

作者： Sun Hee kim hyung Jeong YANG Kam Swee NG Department of Computer Science Chonnam National University

Missing values occur in bio-signal processing for various reasons,including technical problems or biological *** missing values are then either simply excluded or substituted with estimated values for further *** the missing signal values are estimated for electroencephalography (EEG) signals,an example where electrical signals arrive quickly and successively,rapid processing of high-speed data is required for immediate decision *** this study,we propose an incremental expectation maximization principal component analysis (iEMPCA) method that automatically estimates missing values from multivariable EEG time series data without requiring a whole and complete data *** proposed method solves the problem of a biased model,which inevitably results from simply removing incomplete data rather than estimating them,and thus reduces the loss of information by incorporating missing values in real *** using an incremental approach,the proposed method alsominimizes memory usage and processing time of continuously arriving *** results show that the proposed method assigns more accurate missing values than previous methods.

关键词： Electroencephalography (EEG) Missing value imputation Hidden pattern discovery Expectation maximization Principal component analysis

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Scaling and design of high-energy laser plasma electron acceleration

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2015年第1期3卷 81-91页

作者： Kazuhisa Nakajima hyung Taek kim Tae Moon Jeong Chang Hee Nam Center for Relativistic Laser Science Institute for Basic Science (IBS)

Recently there has been great progress in laser-driven plasma-based accelerators by exploiting high-power lasers,where electron beams can be accelerated to multi-GeV energy in a centimeter-scale plasma due to the laser wakefield acceleration mechanism. While, to date, worldwide research on laser plasma accelerators has been focused on the creation of compact particle and radiation sources for basic sciences, medical and industrial applications, there is great interest in applications for high-energy physics and astrophysics, exploring unprecedented high-energy frontier phenomena. In this context, we present an overview of experimental achievements in laser plasma acceleration from the perspective of the production of GeV-level electron beams, and deduce the scaling formulas capable of predicting experimental results self-consistently, taking into account the propagation of a relativistic laser pulse through plasma and the accelerating field reduction due to beam loading. Finally, we present design examples for 10-GeV-level laser plasma acceleration, which is expected in near-term experiments by means of petawatt-class lasers.

关键词： electron beam loading GeV-level electron beam acceleration laser plasma(wakefield) accelerators petawatt-class lasers propagation of relativistic laser pulses in plasma

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