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Understanding the correlation between energy-state mismatching and open-circuit voltage loss in bulk heterojunction solar cells

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Carbon Energy 2024年第5期6卷 164-174页

作者： hyun-seock yang Danbi Kim Chang-Mok Oh Vellaiappillai Tamilavan Pesi MHangoma Hojun Yi Bo RLee Insoo Shin In-Wook Hwang Sung Heum Park Pukyong National University BusanRepublic of Korea Clarendon Laboratory University of OxfordOxfordUK Institute of Energy Transport and Fusion Research Pukyong National UniversityBusanRepublic of Korea Advanced Photonics Research Institute Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangjuRepublic of Korea Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Tandon School of EngineeringNew York UniversityBrooklynNew YorkUSA

Photoinduced intermolecular charge transfer(PICT)determines the voltage loss in bulk heterojunction(BHJ)organic photovoltaics(OPVs),and this voltage loss can be minimized by inducing efficient PICT,which requires energy-state matching between the donor and acceptor at the BHJ ***,both geometrically and energetically accessible delocalized state matching at the hot energy level is crucial for achieving efficient *** this study,an effective method for quantifying the hot state matching of OPVs was *** degree of energy-state matching between the electron donor and acceptor at BHJ interfaces was quantified using a mismatching factor(MF)calculated from the modified optical density of the ***,the correlation between the open-circuit voltage(Voc)of the OPV device and energy-state matching at the BHJ interface was investigated using the calculated *** OPVs with small absolute MF values exhibited high Voc *** result clearly indicates that the energy-state matching between the donor and acceptor is crucial for achieving a high Voc in *** the MF indicates the degree of energy-state matching,which is a critical factor for suppressing energy loss,it can be used to estimate the Voc loss in OPVs.

关键词： bulk heterojunction open circuit voltage organic photovoltaics photoinduced charge transfer voltage loss

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Element Analysis of Instrumented Sharp Indentations into Pressure-sensitive Materials

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2007年第2期23卷 277-282页

作者： Minh-Quy LE seock-Sam KIM Department of Mechanics of Materials & Structures Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringHanoi University of TechnologyDai Co Viet RoadHanoi Vietnam School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701South Korea

Finite element analysis was carried out to investigate the conical indentation response of elastic-plastic solids within the framework of the hydrostatic pressure dependence and the power law strain hardening. A large number of 40 difierent combinations of elasto-plastic properties with n ranging from 0 to 0.5 and σy/E ranging from 0.0014 to 0.03 were used in the computations. The loading curvature C and the average contact pressure Pave were considered within the concept of representative strains and the dimensional *** functions associated with these two parameters were formulated for each studied value of the pressure sensitivity. The results for pressure sensitive materials lie between those for Von Mises materials and the elastic model.

关键词： Finite element analysis Indentation Mechanical Properties Pressure-sensitive materials

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Finite Element Analysis of Ceramic Coatings under Spherical Indentation with Metallic Interlayer: PartⅠUncracked Coatings

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2006年第4期22卷 500-510页

作者： Minh-Quy LE seock-Sam KIM Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringHanoi University of TechnologyDai Co Viet RoadHanoiVietnam School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 701-702Korea

Spherical indentation of ceramic coatings with metallic interlayer was performed by means of axisymmetric finite element analysis （FEA）. Two typical ceramic coatings with relatively high and low elastic modulus deposited on aluminum alloy and carbon steel were considered. Various combinations of indenter radius-coating thickness ratios and interlayer thickness-coating thickness ratios were used in the modeling. The effects of the interlayer, the coating and the substrate on the indentation behavior, such as the radial stress distribution along the coating surface as well as the coating interface, and the plastic deformation zone evolution in the substrate were investigated in connection with the above mentioned ratios. The coating cracking dominant modes were also discussed within the context of the peak tensile stresses on the coating surface and on the coating interface.

关键词： Finite element analysis Ceramic coatings Indentation Interlayer

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Sliding Wear Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Alumina-Based Composite Coatings against Al_2O_3 Ball

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2004年第4期20卷 395-401页

作者： Minh-quyLe Young-hunChae seock-samKim GraduateSchool SchoolofMechanicalEngineeringKyungpookNationalUniversityDaeguSouthKorea EngineeringTribologyResearchInstitute KyungpookNationalUniversityDaeguSouthKorea SchoolofMechanicalEngineering KyungpookNationalUniversityDaeguSouthKorea

The sliding wear behaviors of a single layer AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2, a double layer AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2/Ni-Cr and a single layer AI2O3-13 wt pct TiO2 coating deposited on low carbon steel by plasma spraying were investigated under lubricated conditions with various normal loads. The plastic deformation, detachment and pull out of splats were involved in the wear process of the studied coatings under test conditions. Crack propagation was found in AI2O3-13 wt pct TiO2 under loads of 70 and 100 N and in AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2/Ni-Cr under a load of 130 N. While increasing the normal load, the wear rates of AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2 and AI2O3-30 wt pct ZrO2/Ni-Cr slightly increased, the wear rate of AI2O3-13 wt pct TiO2 increased rapidly. The results showed that the Ni-Cr bonding layer improved the wear resistance of the coating system even it is relatively thin compared with the outer coating layer. The influence of this bonding layer on wear behavior of the coating increased as increasing the normal load.

关键词： Coating Plasma spray Wear behavior

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Element Analysis of Ceramic Coatings under Spherical Indentation with Metallic Interlayer: PartⅡRing Crack

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2006年第5期22卷 594-598页

作者： Minh-Quy LE seock-Sam KIM Department of Mechanics of Materials & Structures Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Hanoi University of TechnologyDai Co Viet RoadHanoiVietnam School of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu 701-702Korea

Spherical indentation of ceramic coatings with metallic interlayer was performed by means of axisymmetric finite element analysis （FEA）. Two typical ceramic coatings with relatively high and low elastic modulus deposited on aluminum alloy and carbon steel were considered. The fracture mechanics of the ceramic coatings mechanisms due to occurrence of surface ring cracks extending traverse the coating thickness under spherical indentation are investigated within the framework of linear fracture mechanics. The J-integral associated to such cracks was computed. The evolution of J-integral vs the crack length and the indentation depth was studied. The effects of the interlayer, the coating and the substrate on the J-integral evolution were discussed. The results show that a suitable metallic interlayer can improve the fracture resistance of the coating systems under the same indentation conditions through reducing the J-integral.

关键词： Finite element analysis Ceramic coatings Indentation Interlayer Crack

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Sliding Wear Behavior of Plasma Sprayed Zirconia Coating on Cast Aluminum against Silicon Carbide Ceramic

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第5期21卷 666-670页

作者： Thuong-Hien LE Young-Hun CHAE seock-Sam KIM School of Mechanical Engineering Graduate School Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 KoreaEngineering Tribology Research Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 KoreaSchool of Mechanical Engineering Kyungpook National University Daegu 702-701 Korea

The sliding wear behaviors of ZrO2-22 wt pct MgO （MZ） and ZrO2-8 wt pct Y2O3（YZ） coatings deposited on a cast aluminum alloy with bond layer （NiCrCoAlY） by plasma spray were investigated under dry test conditions at room temperature. Under all load conditions, the wear mechanisms of the MZ and YZ coatings were almost the same. The material transfer and pullout were involved in the wear process of the studied coatings under the test conditions. The wear rate of the MZ coating was less than that of the YZ coating. While increasing the normal load, the wear rates of the MZ and YZ coatings increased. SEM was used to examine the worn surfaces and to elucidate likely wear mechanisms. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDX） analysis of the worn surfaces indicated that material transfer occurred in the direction from the SiC ball to the disk. Fracture toughness had a significant influence on the wear performance of the coatings. It was suggested that the material transfer played an important role in the wear behavior.

关键词： Plasma spray Zirconia coating Wear mechanism Fracture toughness

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Distribution and Movement Tendencies of Short-Tailed Viper Snakes (Gloydius saxatilis) by Altitude

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Asian Herpetological Research 2017年第1期18卷 39-47页

作者： Min seock DO Ki-Baek NAM Jeong-Chil YOO Department of Biology Kyung Hee University Seoul 130-701 Republic of Korea

The distribution pattern of reptiles in mountainous regions is generally related to altitude. The distribution of viperine species can be limited by elevation. Short-tailed viper snakes （Gloydius saxatilis） of South Korea are found mostly in high elevation mountainous areas, but few studies have evaluated how their distribution relates to elevation gradient. This study was conducted from 2012 to 2013 to investigate the altitudinal distribution of short-tailed viper snakes in mountainous areas and to discover their movement patterns in Cheon-ma Mountain County Park in South Korea. A translocation method utilizing radio- tracking technology was employed to confirm whether their distribution was influenced by altitude. The results showed that most short-tailed vipers were observed in middle and high altitude areas （from 400 m to 800 m）, but none were observed in low altitude areas （from 200 m to 400 m）. According to the results of the translocation and tracking experiments, the individuals of the translocated group showed a significantly broader home range than those of the control group. In addition, all individuals of the translocated group moved vertically, while most of the control group moved horizontally. Therefore, all translocated individuals tended to move back toward their original habitat, a high elevation area. Consequently, we concluded that the distribution of short-tailed viper snakes was limited by altitude.

关键词： altitudinal preference translocation radio-tracking Viperidae South Korea

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Fretting damage behavior and mechanism of tin coated zircaloy-4 tube

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Science China Mathematics 2001年第S1期44卷 314-320页

作者： Tae-hyungKim Ji-hyunSung seock-SamKim Graduate School Department of Mechanical EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityTaeguKorea Department of Mechanical EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityTaeguKorea

The fretting characteristics of TiN coated Zircaloy-4 tube were investigated experimen-tally. The fretting experiment was performed using TIN coated Zircaloy-4 tube as the fuel rod clad-ding material and uncoated Zircaloy-4 tube as one of grids. TIN coating is probably one of the mostfrequently and successfully used PVD coatings for the mitigation of fretting. In this study, TiN coat-ing by PVD was employed for improvement of Zircaloy-4 tube fretting characteristics. The frettingtester was designed and manufactured for this experiment. The number of cycles, slip amplitudeand normal load were selected as main factors of fretting. The results of this research showed thatthe wear volume of TiN coated Zircaloy-4 tube increased as number of cycles, normal load andslip amplitude increase but the quantity of volume was lower than the case of uncoated Zircaloy-4tube pairs.

关键词： fretting TiN coating zircaloy-4 tube

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Quality of life outcomes including neuropathy-associated scale from a phase II,multicenter,randomized trial of eribulin plus gemcitabine versus paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as first-line chemotherapy for HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer:Korean Cancer Study Group Trial(KCSG BR13-11)

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Cancer Communications 2019年第1期39卷 271-278页

作者： Ji-Yeon Kim Seri Park seock-Ah Im Sung-Bae Kim Joohyuk Sohn Keun Seok Lee Yee Soo Chae Ki Hyeong Lee Jee hyun Kim Young-Hyuck Im Tae-Yong Kim Kyung-Hun Lee Jin-Hee Ahn Gun Min Kim In Hae Park Soo Jung Lee Hye Sook Han Se hyun Kim Kyung Hae Jung Yeon Hee Park Korean Cancer Study Group Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of MedicineSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine81 Irwon-roGangnam-guSeoul 06351South Korea Department of Health Sciences and Technology Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and TechnologySungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul 06351South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University HospitalCancer Research InstituteCollege of MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoul 03080South Korea Department of Oncology Asan Medical CenterUniversity of Ulsan College of MedicineSeoul 05505South Korea Division of Medical Oncology Department of Internal MedicineYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722South Korea Center for Breast Cancer National Cancer CenterGoyang 10408South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Kyungpook National University HospitalDaegu 41944South Korea Deparment of Internal Medicine Chungbuk National University HospitalCheongju 28644South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Bundang HospitalSeoul National University College of MedicineSeongnam 13620South Korea

Background: A phase II clinical trial of the comparison between eribulin plus gemcitabine (EG) and paclitaxel plus gemcitabine (PG) as first-line chemotherapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) found that the EG regimen was less neurotoxic, but was similar in efficacy to the PG regimen. In the present study, we analyzed functional assessment of cancer therapy-taxane (FACT-Taxane) questionnaires from patients in this clinical trial to determine their quality of life (QoL). Methods: QoL was assessed using the Korean version of the FACT-Taxane questionnaires. After baseline assessment, QoL was assessed every 2 cycles for 12 cycles and every 3 cycles thereafter. The linear mixed model was used to evaluate the difference in QoL between the EG and PG arms. Results: Of the 118 enrolled patients, 117 responded to the FACT-Taxane questionnaires at baseline, 1 in the PG arm did not. Baseline QoL scores were not different between the EG and PG arms. During treatment, taxane subscale scores were significantly higher in the PG arm than in the EG arm after 2-13 cycles of chemotherapy (all P < 0.05), except for the 11th cycle. Neuropathy-specific analysis showed that patients in the PG arm had earlier and more severe neuropathic symptoms than those in the EG arm (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In our QoL analysis, the EG regimen delayed and decreased neuropathy as compared with the PG regimen. Therefore, eribulin would be a reasonable substitute for paclitaxel as first-line chemotherapy for MBC.

关键词： Metastatic breast cancer Eribulin Paclitaxel Neuropathy Quality of life Functional assessment of cancer therapy-taxane questionnaires

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Influence of Bed Temperature on Heat Shrinkage Shape Error in FDM Additive Manufacturing of the ABS-Engineering Plastic

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2016年第3期4卷 186-192页

作者： Young-Hyu Choi Cheol-Min Kim Hwan-seock Jeong Jeong-Ho Youn Department of Mechanical Engineering Changwon National University Changwon Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Design Changwon National University Changwon Republic of Korea Turf Grass Science Institute Hanul Inc. Hapcheon-Gun Republic of Korea

In case of manufacturing hexahedral ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) plastic components using a FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling)-based 3D printer, undesirable shape errors occur in the product due to heat shrinkage. This paper experimentally ob-served the influence of the bed temperature change on the deformed shape errors of a hexahedral specimen of 100 × 50 × 50 mm3 produced by using a 3D printer. During printing work, the head nozzle temperature was kept at 240?C and the head speed was set at 50 mm/s. The chamber was enclosed with a PC-plate. 3D printing was conducted at four different bed temperatures;50?C, 70?C, 90?C, and 110?C. After the produced specimens naturally cooled down to room temperature, their deformed shape errors were measured. As a result, the higher the bed temperature, the lower the deformed shape errors of the specimens were. However, if the bed temperature had exceeded 120?C, laminating adhesion became poor. That seems to occur because of the material phase change and can make 3D printing work very hard as a consequence. Results of this study can be helpful to set optimum bed temperature condition in FDM additive manufacturing.

关键词： FDM Additive Manufacturing 3D Printing Heat Shrinkage Shape Error ABS

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