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Use of natural trophic resources by Eastern oysters and Pacific oysters of different ploidy

Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第1期6卷 75-83页

作者： Darien D.Mizuta Gary H.Wikfors Shannon L.Meseck Yaqin Li Mark S.Dixon hyun jeong lim In Joon Hwang MagalíBazzano Steven Pitchford Northeast Fisheries Science Center(NEFSC) NOAA212 Rogers AveMilfordCT06460USA East Sea Fisheries Research Institute National Institute of Fisheries ScienceGangneung25435South Korea West Sea Fisheries Institute National Institute of Fisheries ScienceIncheon22383South Korea

Ploidy manipulation,such as triploidy,in farmed oysters has been used as a tool to enhance oyster quality throughout all seasons because triploid oysters allocate less energy to gametogenesis,and therefore are deemed better performers than fertile diploids.Nevertheless,scientific reports describing no differences between ploidies and,in certain conditions,disadvantages of triploids are not uncommon.As the use of triploid oyster seed increases culture cost for growers,consistency in performance of triploids is considered to be an important goal.Thus,research to assess how ploidy affects physiological processes underlying oyster performance is fundamental for the aquaculture industry.This work was undertaken to assess if ploidy-based differences in performance in the two most commonly cultivated commercial species of oyster in the United States,Crassostrea virginica and Crassostrea gigas,are associated with filtration,feeding,and metabolism.To test this hypothesis,biodeposition measurements were made with oysters exposed to ambient water conditions at locations and seasons providing a variety of environmental conditions.Oysters did not show differences in filtration and feeding associated with ploidy,but physiological feeding variables fluctuated with environmental characteristics associated with spatial and seasonal differences.A preliminarily test of the hypothesis that differences in energy metabolism may account for differences in performance among ploidy levels indicates that basal metabolic rates of diploid,triploid,and tetraploid Eastern oysters are not different.

关键词： Ploidy Farmed oysters Feeding Biodeposition Seston Metabolism

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Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 Ablation in Motor Neurons Causes Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Age-related Motor Neuron Degeneration with Muscle Loss

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 637-649页

作者： hyun-Kyung So Hyebeen Kim Jinwoo Lee Chang-lim You Chae-Eun Yun Hyeon-Ju jeong Eun-Ju Jin Yunju Jo Dongryeol Ryu Gyu-Un Bae Jong-Sun Kang Department of Molecular Cell Biology Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea Single Cell Network Research Center Sungkyunkwan University School of MedicineSuwonKorea Research Institute of Aging-Related Diseases AniMusCureInc.SuwonKorea Drug Information Research Institute Muscle Physiome Research CenterCollege of PharmacySookmyung Women’s UniversitySeoulKorea

Neuromuscular dysfunction is tightly associated with muscle wasting that occurs with age or due to degenerative diseases.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying neuromuscular dysfunction are currently unclear.Recent studies have proposed important roles of Protein arginine methyltransferase 1(Prmt1)in muscle stem cell function and muscle maintenance.In the current study,we set out to determine the role of Prmt1 in neuromuscular function by generating mice with motor neuron-specific ablation of Prmt1(mnKO)using Hb9-Cre.mnKO exhibited age-related motor neuron degeneration and neuromuscular dysfunction leading to premature muscle loss and lethality.Prmt1 deficiency also impaired motor function recovery and muscle reinnervation after sciatic nerve injury.The transcriptome analysis of aged mnKO lumbar spinal cords revealed alterations in genes related to inflammation,cell death,oxidative stress,and mitochondria.Consistently,mnKO lumbar spinal cords of sciatic nerve injury model or aged mice exhibited elevated cellular stress response in motor neurons.Furthermore,Prmt1 inhibition in motor neurons elicited mitochondrial dysfunction.Our findings demonstrate that Prmt1 ablation in motor neurons causes agerelated motor neuron degeneration attributing to muscle loss.Thus,Prmt1 is a potential target for the prevention or intervention of sarcopenia and neuromuscular dysfunction related to aging.

关键词： degeneration impaired prevention

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Biochemical consequences of glucocerebrosidase 1 mutations in Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 725-727页

作者： jeong hyun Yoon Chiao-Yin Lee Anthony HV Schapira Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences University College London Institute of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Imperial College London Aligning Science Across Parkinson's(ASAP)Collaborative Research Network

Parkinson’s disease(PD,OMIM#168600)is a common neurodegenerative disorder with a global prevalence of approximately 8.5 million.PD is characterized by four cardinal motor symptoms:bradykinesia,rigidity,resting tremor,and subsequently by postural instability.It usually involves non-motor symptoms such as rapid eye movement sleep disorder,dementia,anosmia,and autonomic dysfunction.The gene glucocerebrosidase 1(GBA1),which encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase(GCase)(IUBMB:EC 3.***.1.45),shows strong linkage with PD;variants of GBA1 are the commonest genetic association with PD(Sidransky et al.,2009).Several mechanisms may underlie the relationship between GBA1 mutations/variants and the molecular pathology of PD(Figure 1A and B).

关键词： cerebro consequences

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Metabolic relationships between marine red algae and algae‑associated bacteria

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 298-314页

作者： Kyung hyun Kim jeong Min Kim Ju Hye Baek Sang Eun jeong Hocheol Kim Hwan Su Yoon Che Ok Jeon Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Hannam UniversityDaejon 34054Republic of Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Mutualistic interactions between marine phototrophs and associated bacteria are an important strategy for their success-ful survival in the ocean,but little is known about their metabolic relationships.Here,bacterial communities in the algal sphere(AS)and bulk solution(BS)of nine marine red algal cultures were analyzed,and Roseibium and Phycisphaera were identified significantly more abundantly in AS than in BS.The metabolic features of Roseibium RMAR6-6(isolated and genome-sequenced),Phycisphaera MAG 12(obtained by metagenomic sequencing),and a marine red alga,Porphyridium purpureum CCMP1328(from GenBank),were analyzed bioinformatically.RMAR6-6 has the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce B vitamins(B1,B2,B5,B6,B9,and B12),bacterioferritin,dimethylsulfoniopropionate(DMSP),and phenylacetate that may enhance algal growth,whereas MAG 12 may have a limited metabolic capability,not producing vitamins B9 and B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophores,but with the ability to produce bacitracin,possibly modulating algal microbiome.P.purpureum CCMP1328 lacks the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce vitamin B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophore.It was shown that the nitrogen-fixing ability of RMAR6-6 promoted the growth of P.pur-pureum,and DMSP reduced the oxidative stress of P.purpureum.The metabolic interactions between strain RMAR6-6 and P.purpureum CCMP1328 were also investigated by the transcriptomic analyses of their monoculture and co-culture.Taken together,potential metabolic relationships between Roseibium and P.purpureum were proposed.This study provides a bet-ter understanding of the metabolic relationships between marine algae and algae-associated bacteria for successful growth.

关键词： Metabolic relationship Marine red algae Symbiotic bacteria Roseibium Phycisphaera Porphyridium

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Flexible thermocouple using a thermoelectric graphene fiber with a seamless junction

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第5期172卷 15-22页

作者： Seungwon Kim Soomook lim Myeong Hee jeong Wonjoon Kim Seunghyun Baik Ji Won Suk School of Mechanical Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea Department of Smart Fab.Technology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonGyeonggi-do 16419Republic of Korea

Temperature is an important physical variable that indicates the condition of the human body and artificial systems.Advanced wearable applications require the development of temperature sensors with different form factors.In this study,a fiber-shaped thermoelectric temperature sensor is fabricated using a continuous graphene fiber whose two halves possess different reduction states.A seamless junction is formed by partially reducing a wet-spun graphene oxide fiber with hydroiodic acid(HI)solutions of different concentrations.One-half of the fiber is mildly reduced with 0.97 wt%HI,while the other half is highly reduced with 30.6 wt%HI.The different reduction states of the graphene composite fiber result in different Seebeck coefficients,allowing for the fabrication of a fiber-shaped graphene thermocou-ple without any laborious assembly.The flexible graphene thermocouple exhibits high sensitivity with a thermopower of 12.5μV K^(-1)in the temperature range of room temperature to∼70℃.Furthermore,it exhibits high linearity with a correlation coefficient exceeding 0.995 and fast response with a time constant of 0.24 s.Owing to its mechanical robustness and flexibility,the stand-alone graphene ther-mocouple can be knitted into a cotton fabric glove,which presents a fast response to environmental changes without any external power source.This work offers a unique fabrication method for producing a high-performance,flexible thermocouple that features a seamless and clear junction without the use of additional materials.This alternative method eliminates the complicated assembly processes typically required for conventional thermocouples.

关键词： Graphene fiber Thermocouple Reduced graphene oxide Flexible temperature sensor Seebeck coefficient

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Single-cell and spatial omics:exploring hypothalamic heterogeneity

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1525-1540页

作者： Muhammad Junaid Eun jeong Lee Su Bin lim Department of Biochemistry&Molecular Biology Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea Department of Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of Ajou UniversitySuwonSouth Korea Department of Brain Science Ajou University School of MedicineSuwonSouth Korea

Elucidating the complex dynamic cellular organization in the hypothalamus is critical for understanding its role in coordinating fundamental body functions. Over the past decade, single-cell and spatial omics technologies have significantly evolved, overcoming initial technical challenges in capturing and analyzing individual cells. These high-throughput omics technologies now offer a remarkable opportunity to comprehend the complex spatiotemporal patterns of transcriptional diversity and cell-type characteristics across the entire hypothalamus. Current single-cell and single-nucleus RNA sequencing methods comprehensively quantify gene expression by exploring distinct phenotypes across various subregions of the hypothalamus. However, single-cell/single-nucleus RNA sequencing requires isolating the cell/nuclei from the tissue, potentially resulting in the loss of spatial information concerning neuronal networks. Spatial transcriptomics methods, by bypassing the cell dissociation, can elucidate the intricate spatial organization of neural networks through their imaging and sequencing technologies. In this review, we highlight the applicative value of single-cell and spatial transcriptomics in exploring the complex molecular-genetic diversity of hypothalamic cell types, driven by recent high-throughput achievements.

关键词： cellular diversity hypothalamus multi-omics single-cell transcriptomics spatial transcriptomics

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Depolarization mitigated in ferroelectric Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)ultrathin films(<5 nm)on Si substrate by interface engineering

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第3期13卷 282-292页

作者： Se hyun Kim Younghwan Lee Dong hyun Lee Geun Hyeong Park hyun Woo jeong Kun Yang Yong Hyeon Cho Young Yong Kim Min Hyuk Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Research Institute of Advanced Materials College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center College of EngineeringSeoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Pohang University of Science&TechnologyPohang 790784Republic of Korea

(Hf,Zr)O_(2)offers considerable potential for next-generation semiconductor devices owing to its nonvolatile spontaneous polarization at the nanoscale.However,scaling this material to sub-5 nm thickness poses several challenges,including the formation of an interfacial layer and high trap concentration.In particular,a low-k SiO_(2)interfacial layer is naturally formed when(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films are directly grown on a Si substrate,leading to high depolarization fields and rapid reduction of the remanent polarization.To address these issues,we conducted a study to significantly improve ferroelectricity and switching endurance of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)films with sub-5 nm thicknesses by inserting a TiO_(2)interfacial layer.The deposition of a Ti film prior to Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film deposition resulted in a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer and prevented the direct contact of Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)with Si.Our findings show that the high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer can reduce the SiO_(2)/Si interface trap density and the depolarization field,resulting in a switchable polarization of 60.2μC/cm^(2)for a 5 nm thick Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film.Therefore,we propose that inserting a high-k TiO_(2)interfacial layer between the Hf_(0.5)Zr_(0.5)O_(2)film and the Si substrate may offer a promising solution to enhancing the ferroelectricity and reliability of(Hf,Zr)O_(2)grown on the Si substrate and can pave the way for next-generation semiconductor devices with improved performance.

关键词： ferroelectric charge trapping hafnia depolarization

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Anticipating the lifespan: Predicting the durability of an anode-supported solid oxide fuel cell short stack over 50,000 h

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 606-613页

作者： Muhammad Zubair Khan Amjad Hussain Seung-Bok Lee Tak-Hyoung lim Rak-hyun Song Department of Materials Science & Engineering Pak-Austria Fachhochschule: Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mang Haripur Hydrogen Energy Research Division Korea Institute of Energy Research Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering Korea University of Science and Technology (UST)

In the present study, the operational lifetime of a solid oxide fuel(SOFC) short stack is predicted by investigating the performance degradation of both the short stack and its cells throughout 1000 h at 800°C. The short stack and integral cell voltages are continuously measured during the long-term test, with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) conducted every 200 h. The short stack voltage decreased rapidly for the initial 200–300 h and afterwards, it decreased at a slow rate due to the increase in the Ohmic and polarization resistances in the same manner. Scanning electron microscopy results show that there is no delamination or cracking among constituent layers of the short-stack cells. The single degradation effects of the Ni coarsening in the anode, cation migration and surface segregation in cathode and oxide scale growth in metallic interconnect mesh are successfully integrated into a comprehensive lifetime prediction model. The experimentally measured voltage degradation data of the short stack fits well with the developed mathematical model and allows the successful prediction of the lifetime up to 50,000 h.

关键词： Degradation Impedance Lifetime SOFC Stack

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Oxygen vacancy engineering for tuning the catalytic activity of LaCoO_(3) perovskite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 506-514,I0003页

作者： jeong hyun Cho Minjae Kim Inchan Yang Kyung Tae Park Chang Houn Rhee Hai Woong Park Ji Chul Jung Department of Chemical Engineering Myongji UniversityYongin 17058Republic of Korea Institute of Advanced Composite Materials Korea Institute of Science and TechnologyWanju-gunJeollabuk-do 55324Republic of Korea Iron&Steel Process Engineering Research Group POSCOPohang 37859Republic of Korea Hydrogen Research Center Research Institute of Industrial Science&Technology(RIST)Pohang 37673Republic of Korea

Herein, we attempted to engineer oxygen vacancies on the surface of LaCoO_(3) perovskite through simple post-treatments(acid or reductive thermal treatments). Acid treatment induces oxygen vacancies through the selective etching of the La cations, whereas thermal treatment in a reducing atmosphere generates oxygen vacancies by directly removing lattice oxygen. The characterization results confirm that the number of surface oxygen vacancies, which are crucial in various catalytic oxidation reactions,considerably increases in the LaCoO_(3) catalysts treated with acid or reducing gas. Acid treatment enriches the oxygen vacancies while maintaining the structure of the LaCoO_(3) catalysts, which can not be achieved through reductive thermal treatment. Therefore, the acid treatment is considered a promising technique for oxygen vacancy engineering of perovskite catalysts for tuning their catalytic activities. Furthermore,the catalytic activities of the posttreated LaCoO_(3) catalysts for CO oxidation were evaluated and are noted to be considerably better than those of the pristine LaCoO_(3) catalyst due to their abundant oxygen vacancies. Consequently, we conclude that the oxygen vacancies of perovskite catalysts can be effectively engineered via two simple methods and play a significant role in CO oxidation.

关键词： LaCoO_(3)perovskite Acid treatment Reductive thermal treatment Oxygen vacancy CO oxidation Rare earths

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氮掺杂对环境空气中TiO_(2)纳米催化剂抗甲醛光催化矿化的影响

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2024年第4期59卷 303-323页

作者： Dae-Hwan lim Aadil Bathla Hassan Anwer Sherif AYounis Danil WBoukhvalov Ki-hyun Kim 汉阳大学土木与环境工程系首尔韩国国立科技大学环境工程系伊斯兰堡巴基斯坦埃及石油研究所分析与评估部开罗埃及南京林业大学材料物理与化学研究所理学院江苏南京乌拉尔联邦大学物理与技术研究所叶卡捷琳堡俄罗斯

通过氮掺杂TiO_(2)(N-TiO_(2))浸渍蜂窝过滤器构建了一系列原型光催化空气净化器(AP(N_(x)-C_(y)))系统,并用于在UV-LED光(1 W)照射条件下光催化分解0.5-5 ppm甲醛(CH_(2)O)蒸汽.在上述催化过滤器系统中,Nx和Cy分别代表N/Ti摩尔比(0-20)... 详细信息

通过氮掺杂TiO_(2)(N-TiO_(2))浸渍蜂窝过滤器构建了一系列原型光催化空气净化器(AP(N_(x)-C_(y)))系统,并用于在UV-LED光(1 W)照射条件下光催化分解0.5-5 ppm甲醛(CH_(2)O)蒸汽.在上述催化过滤器系统中,Nx和Cy分别代表N/Ti摩尔比(0-20)和N-TiO_(2)浓度(2-20 mg mL^(-1)).光催化分解实验结果表明,AP(N_(10)-C_(10))的性能最好,其催化CH2O转化为CO_(2)的转化率最高,循环反应10次后CO_(2)产率仍达到89.2%,在干燥空气中的清洁空气输送速率为9.45 L min^(-1).N10-C10的电荷载流子寿命(τa:1.70 ns)优于其他样品(如纯TiO_(2)的电荷载流子寿命为1.37 ns),这表明N缺陷(No)有助于降低带隙(3.10 eV)和产生氧空位OVs-Ti^(3+),这与密度泛函理论(DFT)模拟结果一致.采用原位漫反射红外傅里叶变换、电子顺磁共振和DFT分析等多种方法研究了CH_(2)O的光催化氧化途径.结果表明,氧化过程涉及多个能量有利的中间步骤(例如CH2O以CH_(2)O_(2)的形式在TiO_(2)-OV{110}表面的桥连O/OH基团上发生放热共价吸附,随后通过催化脱氢/氧化反应直接生成CO_(2):CH_(2)O_(2)/HCOO^(-)+•OH→H_(2)O+CO_(2)).这些步骤与具有N杂质的{101}表面上化学活性Ti原子的态密度计算结果一致.预计No缺陷和OVs的存在将通过降低活化能垒来影响反应能量和中间产物,从而在加湿条件下实现有效的矿化.综上,本文为设计和构建先进的光催化系统,并用于环境空气中醛类挥发性有机物(VOCs)的有效矿化提供了新思路.

关键词：光催化蜂窝过滤器甲醛氮掺杂TiO_(2) 密度泛函理论计算催化反应途径空气净化

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