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Effects of warming,wetting and nitrogen addition on substrate-induced respiration and temperature sensitivity of heterotrophic respiration in a temperate forest soil

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Pedosphere 2021年第2期31卷 363-372页

作者： Mohammad MOONIS Jong-Kyu LEE hyojin jin Dong-Gill KIM Ji-Hyung PARK Department of Forest Environment Protection Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon 24341(Republic of Korea) Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Ewha Womans UniversitySeoul 03760(Republic of Korea) Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources Hawassa UniversityP.O.Box 128Shashemene(Ethiopia)

Soil heterotrophic respiration and its temperature sensitivity are affected by various climatic and environmental factors.However,little is known about the combined effects of concurrent climatic and environmental changes,such as climatic warming,changing precipitation regimes,and increasing nitrogen(N)deposition.Therefore,in this study,we investigated the individual and combined effects of warming,wetting,and N addition on soil heterotrophic respiration and temperature sensitivity.We incubated soils collected from a temperate forest in South Korea for 60 d at two temperature levels(15 and 20℃,representing the annual mean temperature of the study site and 5℃warming,respectively),three moisture levels(10%,28%,and 50%water-filled pore space(WFPS),representing dry,moist,and wet conditions,respectively),and two N levels(without N and with N addition equivalent to 50 kg N ha^(-1)year^(-1)).On day 30,soils were distributed across five different temperatures(10,15,20,25,and 30℃)for 24 h to determine short-term changes in temperature sensitivity(Q_(10),change in respiration with 10℃increase in temperature)of soil heterotrophic respiration.After completing the incubation on day 60,we measured substrate-induced respiration(SIR)by adding six labile substrates to the three types of treatments.Wetting treatment(increase from 28%to 50%WFPS)reduced SIR by 40.8%(3.77 to 2.23μg CO_(2)-C g^(-1)h^(-1)),but warming(increase from 15 to 20℃)and N addition increased SIR by 47.7%(3.77 to 5.57μg CO_(2)-C g^(-1)h^(-1))and 42.0%(3.77 to 5.35μg CO_(2)-C g^(-1)h^(-1)),respectively.A combination of any two treatments did not affect SIR,but the combination of three treatments reduced SIR by 42.4%(3.70 to 2.20μg CO_(2)-C g^(-1)h^(-1)).Wetting treatment increased Q_(10)by 25.0%(2.4 to 3.0).However,warming and N addition reduced Q_(10)by 37.5%(2.4 to 1.5)and 16.7%(2.4 to 2.0),respectively.Warming coupled with wetting did not significantly change Q_(10),while warming coupled with N addition reduced Q_(10)by 33.3%(2.4 to 1.6).The combination of thr

关键词： carbon dioxide decomposition global warming soil moisture soil organic carbon soil respiration Q_(10)

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Weekend and nighttime effect on the prognosis of peptic ulcer bleeding

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第27期18卷 3578-3584页

作者： Young Hoon Youn Yong jin Park Jae Hak Kim Tae Joo Jeon Jae Hee Cho hyojin Park Department of Internal Medicine Gangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 135-720South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Dongguk University Ilsan HospitalDongguk University College of MedicineGyeonggi-do 410-773South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Inje University Sanggye Paik HospitalInje University College of MedicineSeoul 139-707South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Kwandong University Myungji HospitalKwandong University College of MedicineGyeonggi-do 412-270South Korea

AIM:To evaluate whether weekend or nighttime admission affects prognosis of peptic ulcer bleeding despite early endoscopy.METHODS:Retrospective data collection from four referral centers,all of which had a formal out-of-hours emergency endoscopy service,even at weekends.A total of 388 patients with bleeding peptic ulcers who were admitted via the emergency room between January 2007 and December 2009 were enrolled.Analyzed parameters included time from patients' arrival until endoscopy,mortality,rebleeding,need for surgery and length of hospital stay.RESULTS:The weekday and weekend admission groups comprised 326 and 62 patients,respectively.There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups,except for younger age in the weekend group.Most patients (97%) had undergone early endoscopy,which resulted in a low mortality rate regardless of point of presentation (1.8% overall vs 1.6% on the weekend).The only outcome that was worse in the weekend group was a higher rate of rebleeding (12% vs 21%,P = 0.030).However,multivariate analysis revealed nighttime admission and a high Rockall score (≥ 6) as significant independent risk factors for rebleeding,rather than weekend admission.CONCLUSION:Early endoscopy for peptic ulcer bleeding can prevent the weekend effect,and nighttime admission was identified as a novel risk factor for rebleeding,namely the nighttime effect.

关键词：溃疡出血消化性预后胃镜检查危险因素多变量分析数据收集死亡率

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High-risk esophageal varices in patients treated with locoregional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma:Assessment with liver computed tomography

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第35期18卷 4905-4911页

作者： hyojin Kim Dongil Choi Joon Hyeok Lee Soon jin Lee Hangi Jo Geum-Youn Gwak Kwang Cheol Koh Moon Seok Choi Seonwoo Kim Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Department of Medicine Samsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Biostatistics Unit Samsung Biomedical Research InstituteSamsung Medical CenterSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine

AIM:To assess the diagnostic performance of followup liver computed tomography(CT) for the detection of high-risk esophageal varices in patients treated with locoregional therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS:We prospectively enrolled 100 patients with cirrhosis who underwent transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,radiofrequency ablation or both procedures for HCCs.All patients underwent upper endoscopy and subsequently liver CT.Three radiologists independently evaluated the presence of high-risk esophageal varices with transverse images alone and with three orthogonal multiplanar reformation(MPR) images,respectively.With endoscopic grading as the reference standard,diagnostic performance was assessed by using receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve analysis.RESULTS:The diagnostic performances(areas under the ROC curve) of three observers with transverse images alone were 0.947 ± 0.031,0.969 ± 0.024,and 0.916 ± 0.038,respectively.The mean sensitivity,specificity,positive predicative value(PPV),and negative predicative value(NPV) with transverse images alone were 90.1%,86.39%,70.9%,and 95.9%,respectively.The diagnostic performances,mean sensitivity,specificity,PPV,and NPV with three orthogonal MPR images(0.965 ± 0.025,0.959 ± 0.027,0.938 ± 0.033,91.4%,89.5%,76.3%,and 96.6%,respectively) were not superior to corresponding values with transverse images alone(P > 0.05),except for the mean specificity(P = 0.039).CONCLUSION:Our results showed excellent diagnostic performance,sensitivity and NPV to detect high-risk esophageal varices on follow-up liver CT after locoregional therapy for HCC.

关键词：计算机断层扫描静脉曲张治疗肝脏患者评估食管肝癌

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On the Assimilation of Satellite Sounder Data in Cloudy Skies in Numerical Weather Prediction Models

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2016年第2期30卷 169-182页

作者：李俊王培 HAN hyojin 李金龙郑婧 Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison National Satellite Meteorological Center China Meteorological Administration

Satellite measurements are an important source of global observations in support of numerical weather prediction（NWP）.The assimilation of satellite radiances under clear skies has greatly improved NWP forecast scores.However,the application of radiances in cloudy skies remains a significant challenge.In order to better assimilate radiances in cloudy skies,it is very important to detect any clear field-of-view（FOV） accurately and assimilate cloudy radiances appropriately.Research progress on both clear FOV detection methodologies and cloudy radiance assimilation techniques are reviewed in this paper.Overview on approaches being implemented in the operational centers and studied by the satellite data assimilation research community is presented.Challenges and future directions for satellite sounder radiance assimilation in cloudy skies in NWP models are also discussed.

关键词： satellite sounder data assimilation cloudy region

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Endoscopic and clinicopathologic characteristics of early gastric cancer with high microsatellite instability

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第27期18卷 3571-3577页

作者： Jaehoon Jahng Young Hoon Youn Kwang Hyun Kim Junghwan Yu Yong Chan Lee Woo jin Hyung Sung Hoon Noh Hyunki Kim Hoguen Kim hyojin Park Sang In Lee Department of Internal Medicine Gangnam Severance HospitalYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 135-720South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Institute of GastroenterologyYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 100-753South Korea Department of Surgery Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 100-753South Korea Department of Pathology Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 100-753South Korea

AIM:To investigate endoscopic and clinicopathologic characteristics of early gastric cancer (EGC) according to microsatellite instability phenotype.METHODS:Data were retrospectively collected from a single tertiary referral center.Of 981 EGC patients surgically treated between December 2003 and October 2007,73 consecutive EGC patients with two or more microsatellite instability (MSI) mutation [high MSI (MSI-H)] and 146 consecutive EGC patients with one or no MSI mutation (non-MSI-H) were selected.The endoscopic and clinicopathologic features were compared between the MSI-H and non-MSI-H EGC groups.RESULTS:In terms of endoscopic characteristics,MSI-H EGCs more frequently presented with elevated pattern (OR 4.38,95% CI:2.40-8.01,P 70 years) (OR 3.30,95% CI:1.57-6.92,P = 0.002),better histologic differentiation (OR 2.35,95% CI:1.27-4.34,P = 0.007),intestinal type by Lauren classification (OR 2.34,95% CI:1.15-4.76,P = 0.019),absence of a signet ring cell component (OR 2.44,95% CI:1.02-5.86,P = 0.046),presence of mucinous component (OR 5.06,95% CI:1.27-20.17,P = 0.022),moderate-to-severe lymphoid stromal reaction (OR 3.95,95% CI:1.59-9.80,P = 0.003),and co-existing underlying adenoma (OR 2.66,95% CI:1.43-4.95,P = 0.002).CONCLUSION:MSI-H EGC is associated with unique endoscopic and clinicopathologic characteristics including frequent presentation in protruded type,co-existing underlying adenoma,and synchronous lesions.

关键词：微卫星不稳定性病理特征内镜临床胃癌早期同步文件 EGC

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