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Defect Detection Model Using Time Series Data Augmentation and Transformation

Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第2期78卷 1713-1730页

作者： Gyu-Il Kim hyun yoo Han-Jin Cho Kyungyong Chung Department of Computer Science Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Contents Convergence Software Research Institue Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Department of Energy IT Engineering Far East UniversityEumsung-gun27601Korea Division of AI Computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea

Time-series data provide important information in many fields,and their processing and analysis have been the focus of much research.However,detecting anomalies is very difficult due to data imbalance,temporal dependence,and noise.Therefore,methodologies for data augmentation and conversion of time series data into images for analysis have been studied.This paper proposes a fault detection model that uses time series data augmentation and transformation to address the problems of data imbalance,temporal dependence,and robustness to noise.The method of data augmentation is set as the addition of noise.It involves adding Gaussian noise,with the noise level set to 0.002,to maximize the generalization performance of the model.In addition,we use the Markov Transition Field(MTF)method to effectively visualize the dynamic transitions of the data while converting the time series data into images.It enables the identification of patterns in time series data and assists in capturing the sequential dependencies of the data.For anomaly detection,the PatchCore model is applied to show excellent performance,and the detected anomaly areas are represented as heat maps.It allows for the detection of anomalies,and by applying an anomaly map to the original image,it is possible to capture the areas where anomalies occur.The performance evaluation shows that both F1-score and Accuracy are high when time series data is converted to images.Additionally,when processed as images rather than as time series data,there was a significant reduction in both the size of the data and the training time.The proposed method can provide an important springboard for research in the field of anomaly detection using time series data.Besides,it helps solve problems such as analyzing complex patterns in data lightweight.

关键词： Defect detection time series deep learning data augmentation data transformation

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Highly Aligned Ternary Nanofiber Matrices Loaded with MXene Expedite Regeneration of Volumetric Muscle Loss

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 269-292页

作者： Moon Sung Kang Yeuni Yu Rowoon Park hye Jin Heo Seok hyun Lee Suck Won Hong Yun Hak Kim Dong‑Wook Han Department of Cogno‑Mechatronics Engineering College of Nanoscience and NanotechnologyPusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Medical Research Institute School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Department of Anatomy School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Engineering Research Center for Color‑Modulated Extra‑Sensory Perception Technology Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Department of Biomedical Informatics School of MedicinePusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea Periodontal Disease Signaling Network Research Center and Dental and Life Science Institute School of DentistryPusan National UniversityYangsan 50612Republic of Korea BIO‑IT Fusion Technology Research Institute Pusan National UniversityBusan 46241Republic of Korea Present Address:Osstem Implant Inc. Seoul 07789Republic of Korea

Current therapeutic approaches for volumetric muscle loss(VML)face challenges due to limited graft availability and insufficient bioactivities.To overcome these limitations,tissue-engineered scaffolds have emerged as a promising alternative.In this study,we developed aligned ternary nanofibrous matrices comprised of poly(lactide-co-ε-caprolactone)integrated with collagen and Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoparticles(NPs)(PCM matrices),and explored their myogenic potential for skeletal muscle tissue regeneration.The PCM matrices demonstrated favorable physicochemical properties,including structural uniformity,alignment,microporosity,and hydrophilicity.In vitro assays revealed that the PCM matrices promoted cellular behaviors and myogenic differentiation of C2C12 myoblasts.Moreover,in vivo experiments demonstrated enhanced muscle remodeling and recovery in mice treated with PCM matrices following VML injury.Mechanistic insights from next-generation sequencing revealed that MXene NPs facilitated protein and ion availability within PCM matrices,leading to elevated intracellular Ca^(2+)levels in myoblasts through the activation of inducible nitric oxide synthase(i NOS)and serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1(SGK1),ultimately promoting myogenic differentiation via the m TOR-AKT pathway.Additionally,upregulated i NOS and increased NO–contributed to myoblast proliferation and fiber fusion,thereby facilitating overall myoblast maturation.These findings underscore the potential of MXene NPs loaded within highly aligned matrices as therapeutic agents to promote skeletal muscle tissue recovery.

关键词： Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoparticle Ternary nanofibrous matrices Myogenesis Regeneration of volumetric muscle loss Next generation sequencing

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Metabolic relationships between marine red algae and algae‑associated bacteria

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第2期6卷 298-314页

作者： Kyung hyun Kim Jeong Min Kim Ju hye Baek Sang Eun Jeong Hocheol Kim Hwan Su yoon Che Ok Jeon Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Hannam UniversityDaejon 34054Republic of Korea Department of Life Science Chung-Ang UniversitySeoul 06974Republic of Korea Department of Biological Sciences Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Republic of Korea

Mutualistic interactions between marine phototrophs and associated bacteria are an important strategy for their success-ful survival in the ocean,but little is known about their metabolic relationships.Here,bacterial communities in the algal sphere(AS)and bulk solution(BS)of nine marine red algal cultures were analyzed,and Roseibium and Phycisphaera were identified significantly more abundantly in AS than in BS.The metabolic features of Roseibium RMAR6-6(isolated and genome-sequenced),Phycisphaera MAG 12(obtained by metagenomic sequencing),and a marine red alga,Porphyridium purpureum CCMP1328(from GenBank),were analyzed bioinformatically.RMAR6-6 has the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce B vitamins(B1,B2,B5,B6,B9,and B12),bacterioferritin,dimethylsulfoniopropionate(DMSP),and phenylacetate that may enhance algal growth,whereas MAG 12 may have a limited metabolic capability,not producing vitamins B9 and B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophores,but with the ability to produce bacitracin,possibly modulating algal microbiome.P.purpureum CCMP1328 lacks the genetic capability to fix nitrogen and produce vitamin B12,DMSP,phenylacetate,and siderophore.It was shown that the nitrogen-fixing ability of RMAR6-6 promoted the growth of P.pur-pureum,and DMSP reduced the oxidative stress of P.purpureum.The metabolic interactions between strain RMAR6-6 and P.purpureum CCMP1328 were also investigated by the transcriptomic analyses of their monoculture and co-culture.Taken together,potential metabolic relationships between Roseibium and P.purpureum were proposed.This study provides a bet-ter understanding of the metabolic relationships between marine algae and algae-associated bacteria for successful growth.

关键词： Metabolic relationship Marine red algae Symbiotic bacteria Roseibium Phycisphaera Porphyridium

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Capsosiphon fulvescens suppresses LPS-stimulated inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4/NF-κB activation in RAW264.7 murine macrophages

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2024年第3期14卷 115-126页

作者： Seon Yeong Ji EunJin Bang hyun Hwangbo Min Yeong Kim Da hye Kim Su hyun Hong Shin-hyung Park Chang-Young Kwon Gi-Young Kim You-Jin Jeon Suengmok Cho Yung hyun Choi Department of Biochemistry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Basic Research Laboratory for the Regulation of Microplastic-Mediated Diseases and Anti-Aging Research Center Dong-eui UniversityBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Pathology Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry Dong-eui University College of Korean MedicineBusan 47227Republic of Korea Department of Marine Life Science Jeju National UniversityJeju 63243Republic of Korea Department of Food Science and Technology/Institute of Food Science Pukyong National UniversityBusan 48513Republic of Korea

Objective:To evaluate the effects of Capsosiphon fulvescens(C.fulvescens)ethanolic extract on inflammation in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced RAW296.7 macrophages.Methods:The protective effects of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on LPS-induced inflammation in RAW264.7 macrophages were assessed using biochemical analysis,including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction,and Western blot analysis.To examine reactive oxygen species(ROS)production,flow cytometry analysis,and immunofluorescence staining were used.Furthermore,the modulatory effect of C.fulvescens ethanolic extract on NF-κB activation was investigated.Results:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract significantly attenuated LPS-induced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and notably reduced the secretion and mRNA levels of LPS-mediated matrix metalloproteinases.In addition,C.fulvescens ethanolic extract decreased ROS production and suppressed the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.Conclusions:C.fulvescens ethanolic extract alleviates inflammation as well as oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages.C.fulvescens can be used as a potential therapeutic agent to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress-associated diseases.

关键词： Capsosiphon fulvescens Inflammation Oxidative stress NF-κB Nrf2 TLR4

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Body-Shaping Membrane to Regenerate Breast Fat by Elastic Structural Holding

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Research 2024年第1期2023卷 165-180页

作者： hye-Seon Kim Jeongeun Park hyun-Su Ha Sewoom Baek Chan Hee Lee Kyubae Lee Suji Park Jueun Kim Se Won Yi Hak-Joon Sung Department of Medical Engineering Graduate School of Medical ScienceBrain Korea 21 ProjectYonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 03722Republic of Korea TMD LAB Co.Ltd. 6th Floor31Gwangnaru-ro 8-gilSeongdong-guSeoul 04799Republic of Korea

Tissue regeneration requires structural holding and movement support using tissue-type-specific aids such as bone casts,skin bandages,and joint protectors.Currently,an unmet need exists in aiding breast fat regeneration as the breast moves following continuous body motion by exposing the breast fat to dynamic stresses.Here,the concept of elastic structural holding is applied to develop a shape-fitting moldable membrane for breast fat regeneration(“adipoconductive”)after surgical defects are made.The membrane has the following key characteristics:(a)It contains a panel of honeycomb structures,thereby efficiently handling motion stress through the entire membrane;(b)a strut is added into each honeycomb in a direction perpendicular to gravity,thereby suppressing the deformation and stress concentration upon lying and standing;and(c)thermo-responsive moldable elastomers are used to support structural holding by suppressing large deviations of movement that occur sporadically.The elastomer became moldable upon a temperature shift above T_(m).The structure can then be fixed as the temperature decreases.As a result,the membrane promotes adipogenesis by activating mechanotransduction in a fat miniature model with pre-adipocyte spheroids under continuous shaking in vitro and in a subcutaneous implant placed on the motion-prone back areas of rodents in vivo.

关键词： thereby shaking Elastic

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Dual-logic-in-memory implementation with orthogonal polarization of van der Waals ferroelectric heterostructure

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InfoMat 2024年第2期6卷 107-117页

作者： Jingjie Niu Sumin Jeon Donggyu Kim Sungpyo Baek hyun Ho yoo Jie Li Ji-Sang Park yoonmyung Lee Sungjoo Lee SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology(SAINT) Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Nano Science and Technology Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea IMEC HeverleeBelgium Department of Nano Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwonRepublic of Korea

The rapid advancement of AI-enabled applications has resulted in an increasing need for energy-efficient computing hardware.Logic-in-memory is a promising approach for processing the data stored in memory,wherein fast and efficient computations are possible owing to the parallel execution of reconfigurable logic operations.In this study,a dual-logic-in-memory device,which can simultaneously perform two logic operations in four states,is demonstrated using van der Waals ferroelectric field-effect transistors(vdW FeFETs).The proposed dual-logic-in-memory device,which also acts as a twobit storage device,is a single bidirectional polarization-integrated ferroelectric field-effect transistor(BPI-FeFET).It is fabricated by integrating an in-plane vdW ferroelectric semiconductor SnS and an out-of-plane vdW ferroelectric gate dielectric material—CuInP_(2)S_(6).Four reliable resistance states with excellent endurance and retention characteristics were achieved.The two-bit storage mechanism in a BPI-FeFET was analyzed from two perspectives:carrier density and carrier injection controls,which originated from the out-of-plane polarization of the gate dielectric and in-plane polarization of the semiconductor,respectively.Unlike conventional multilevel FeFETs,the proposed BPIFeFET does not require additional pre-examination or erasing steps to switch from/to an intermediate polarization,enabling direct switching between the four memory states.To utilize the fabricated BPI-FeFET as a dual-logic-inmemory device,two logical operations were selected(XOR and AND),and their parallel execution was demonstrated.Different types of logic operations could be implemented by selecting different initial states,demonstrating various types of functions required for numerous neural network operations.The flexibility and efficiency of the proposed dual-logic-in-memory device appear promising in the realization of next-generation low-power computing systems.

关键词： ferroelectric field-effect transistor in-plane ferroelectricity logic-in-memory out-of-plane ferroelectricity

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Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of a novel PDE5 inhibitor,SK-3530,in rats

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2007年第8期28卷 1247-1253页

作者： hye-hyun yoo Nam-sun KIM Guang-jin Im Dong-hyun KIM Bioanalysis and Biotransformation Research Center Korea Institute of Science & Technology Seoul 136-791Korea Life Science RD Center SK ChemicalsGyeonggi-do 440-300Korea

Aim:To investigate the pharmacokinetic profile and tissue distribution of a novelphosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor,5-ethyl-2-{5-[4-（2-hydroxy-ethyl）-piperazine-1-sulfonyl]-2-propoxy-phenyl}-7-propyl-3,5-dihydro-pyrrolo（3,2-d）pyrimidin-4-one（SK-3530）,in rats after administration of the14C-labeled compound.Methods:The pharmacokinetic parameters of SK-3530 were measured based on the totalradioactivity and parent SK-3530 concentration in rat plasma after intravenousand oral administration.The tissue distribution of total radioactivity after a singleoral administration of[14C]SK-3530 at a dose of 40 mg/kg was assayed.Theplasma protein binding rates of SK-3530 were assessed by in vitro and ex vivoassay.Results:The total radioactivity profiles showed linear pharmacokinetics.The maximum plasma concentration and area under the curve of the parent SK3530were 10%-20% compared to those of the total radioactivity.After the oral admin-istration of[14C]SK-3530,the radioactivity was widely distributed in all tissues,and the tissue/plasma ratio of the radioactivity 1 h after administration was calcu-lated as 0.5-2.6 with the exception of excretory organs.A relatively high penetra-tion was shown in the adrenal glands,liver,and lung.In vitro and ex vivo plasmaprotein binding assay by ultrafiltration showed a considerably high binding rateof more than 97%.Conclusion:SK-3530 was relatively well absorbed in the gas-trointestinal tract and showed linear pharmacokinetics over the investigated doserange.SK-3530 had low oral bioavailability due to a high,first-pass metabolism.

关键词： SK-3530 PDE5 inhibitor pharmacokinetics tissue distribution rats

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Production of chitosan-based composite film reinforced with lignin-rich lignocellulose nanofibers from rice husk

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第2期9卷 174-184页

作者： hye Jee Kang Yeon Ju Lee Jin Kyoung Lee Irnia Nurika Sri Suhartini Deokyeong Choe Dong hyun Kim Hoon Choi Natasha P.Murphy Ho Yong Kim Young Hoon Jung School of Food Science and Biotechnology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 41566Republic of Korea CPR S&T Co. Ltd.Gunpo 15880Republic of Korea Department of Agroindustrial Technology Faculty of Agricultural TechnologyUniversitas BrawijayaMalang 65145Indonesia Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center National Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenCO 80401United States Center for Bio-based Chemistry Korea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyUlsan 44429Republic of Korea

Lignocellulosic nanofibers(LCNFs),implying lignin-containing cellulose fibers,maintain the prop-erties of both lignin and cellulose,which are hydrophobic and hydrophilic,respectively.The pres-ence of hydrophobic lignin in LCNFs is expected to be an economical and attractive option that can improve the thermal and mechanical properties of polymers.Thus,this study was conducted to produce lignin-rich LCNFs from sugar-rich waste obtained from rice husks after acidic pretreat-ment.The LCNFs were produced from the lignin-rich solid fractions obtained after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis,which were then incorporated as an additive into a chitosan-based film.The variations in lignin content in the range of approximately 50.6%-66.8%in differently obtained LCNFs gave significantly different optical strengths and mechanical properties.These controllable processes may allow for customized film formation.Additionally,the glucose-rich liquid fractions obtained after pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis were used as a substrate for ethanol fermentation to achieve total utilization of rice husk biomass waste.In conclusion,the lignin-rich biomass fraction holds promise as a suitable material for chitosan-LCNF film and has the potential to increase the economic feasibility of the biomaterial industry.

关键词： Rice husk Lignocellulose nanofiber Lignin-based material Chitosan film Upcycling

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3D-printed gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)/ silanated silica scaffold assisted by two-stage cooling system for hard tissue regeneration

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2021年第2期8卷 50-63页

作者： Eunjeong Choi Dongyun Kim Donggu Kang Gi Hoon Yang Bongsu Jung MyungGu Yeo Min-Jeong Park Sanghyun An KyoungHo Lee Jun Sik Kim Jong Chul Kim Woonhyeok Jeong hye hyun yoo Hojun Jeon Research Institute of Additive Manufacturing and Regenerative Medicine Baobab Healthcare Inc55 Hanyangdaehak-RoAnsanGyeonggi-do 15588South Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySangidaehak-roSiheungGyeonggi-do 15073South Korea Medical Device Development Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation(DGMIF)80Cheombok-roDong-guDaegu 41061South Korea Laboratory Animal Center Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation(DGMIF)80 Cheombok-roDong-guDaegu 41061South Korea Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Dongsan Medical CenterKeimyung University College of Medicine1035 Dalgubeol-daeroDalseo-guDaegu 42601South Korea Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology College of PharmacyHanyang University55 Hanyangdaehak-RoAnsanGyeonggi-Do 15588South Korea

Among many biomaterials,gelatin methacrylate(GelMA),a photocurable protein,has been widely used in 3D bioprinting process owing to its excellent cellular responses,biocompatibility and biodegradability.However,GelMA still shows a low processability due to the severe temperature dependence of viscosity.To overcome this obstacle,we propose a two-stage temperature control system to effectively control the viscosity of GelMA.To optimize the process conditions,we evaluated the temperature of the cooling system(jacket and stage).Using the established system,three GelMA scaffolds were fabricated in which different concentrations(0,3 and 10 wt%)of silanated silica particles were embedded.To evaluate the performances of the prepared scaffolds suitable for hard tissue regeneration,we analyzed the physical(viscoelasticity,surface roughness,compressive modulus and wettability)and biological(human mesenchymal stem cells growth,western blotting and osteogenic differentiation)properties.Consequently,the composite scaffold with greater silica contents(10 wt%)showed enhanced physical and biological performances including mechanical strength,cell initial attachment,cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation compared with those of the controls.Our results indicate that the GelMA/silanated silica composite scaffold can be potentially used for hard tissue regeneration.

关键词： 3D bioprinting gelatin methacrylate silanated silica cooling system human mesenchymal stem cells

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Deep Learning-Based Action Classification Using One-Shot Object Detection

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第8期76卷 1343-1359页

作者： hyun yoo Seo-El Lee Kyungyong Chung Contents Convergence Software Research Institute Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Department of Public Safety Bigdata Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea Division of Computer Science and Engineering Kyonggi UniversitySuwon-si16227Korea

Deep learning-based action classification technology has been applied to various fields,such as social safety,medical services,and sports.Analyzing an action on a practical level requires tracking multiple human bodies in an image in real-time and simultaneously classifying their actions.There are various related studies on the real-time classification of actions in an image.However,existing deep learning-based action classification models have prolonged response speeds,so there is a limit to real-time analysis.In addition,it has low accuracy of action of each object ifmultiple objects appear in the image.Also,it needs to be improved since it has a memory overhead in processing image data.Deep learning-based action classification using one-shot object detection is proposed to overcome the limitations of multiframe-based analysis technology.The proposed method uses a one-shot object detection model and a multi-object tracking algorithm to detect and track multiple objects in the image.Then,a deep learning-based pattern classification model is used to classify the body action of the object in the image by reducing the data for each object to an action vector.Compared to the existing studies,the constructed model shows higher accuracy of 74.95%,and in terms of speed,it offered better performance than the current studies at 0.234 s per frame.The proposed model makes it possible to classify some actions only through action vector learning without additional image learning because of the vector learning feature of the posterior neural network.Therefore,it is expected to contribute significantly to commercializing realistic streaming data analysis technologies,such as CCTV.

关键词： Human action classification artificial intelligence deep neural network pattern analysis video analysis

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