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Progress on early diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease

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Frontiers of Medicine 2024年第3期18卷 446-464页

作者： Yixin Chen murad Al-Nusaif song Li Xiang Tan Huijia Yang Huaibin Cai Weidong Le Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China Transgenic section Laboratory of NeurogeneticsNational Institute on AgingNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA Institute of Neurology Sichuan Provincial People’s HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research HospitalChengdu610072China

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects both cognition and non-cognition *** disease follows a continuum,starting with preclinical stages,progressing to mild cognitive and behavioral impairment,ultimately leading to *** detection of AD is crucial for better diagnosis and more effective ***,the current AD diagnostic tests of biomarkers using cerebrospinal fluid and/or brain imaging are invasive or expensive,and mostly are still not able to detect early disease ***,there is an urgent need to develop new diagnostic techniques with higher sensitivity and specificity during the preclinical stages of *** non-cognitive manifestations,including behavioral abnormalities,sleep disturbances,sensory dysfunctions,and physical changes,have been observed in the preclinical AD stage before occurrence of notable cognitive *** research advances have identified several biofluid biomarkers as early indicators of *** review focuses on these non-cognitive changes and newly discovered biomarkers in AD,specifically addressing the preclinical stages of the ***,it is of importance to explore the potential for developing a predictive system or network to forecast disease onset and progression at the early stage of AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease early diagnosis non-cognitive symptoms biomarkers

Coal/Gangue Volume Estimation with Convolutional Neural Network and separation Based on Predicted Volume and Weight

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 279-306页

作者： Zenglun Guan murad s.Alfarzaeai Eryi Hu Taqiaden Alshmeri Wang Peng school of Mechatronic Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou221116China China National Coal Group Corp. Beijing100029China Information Institute Ministry of Emergency Management of the ChinaBeijing100029China school of Mechanical Engineering Sana’a UniversitySana’a31220Yemen

In the coal mining industry,the gangue separation phase imposes a key challenge due to the high visual similaritybetween coal and ***,separation methods have become more intelligent and efficient,using newtechnologies and applying different features for *** such method exploits the difference in substancedensity,leading to excellent coal/gangue ***,this study uses density differences to distinguishcoal from gangue by performing volume prediction on the *** training samples maintain a record of3-side images as input,volume,and weight as the ground truth for the *** prediction process relieson a Convolutional neural network(CGVP-CNN)model that receives an input of a 3-side image and then extractsthe needed features to estimate an approximation for the *** classification was comparatively performedvia ten different classifiers,namely,K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Linear support Vector Machines(Linear sVM),Radial Basis Function(RBF)sVM,Gaussian Process,Decision Tree,Random Forest,Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP),Adaptive Boosting(AdaBosst),Naive Bayes,and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis(QDA).After severalexperiments on testing and training data,results yield a classification accuracy of 100%,92%,95%,96%,100%,100%,100%,96%,81%,and 92%,*** test reveals the best timing with KNN,which maintained anaccuracy level of 100%.Assessing themodel generalization capability to newdata is essential to ensure the efficiencyof the model,so by applying a cross-validation experiment,the model generalization was *** useddataset was isolated based on the volume values to ensure the model generalization not only on new images of thesame volume but with a volume outside the trained ***,the predicted volume values were passed to theclassifiers group,where classification reported accuracy was found to be(100%,100%,100%,98%,88%,87%,100%,87%,97%,100%),*** obtaining a classification with hi

关键词： Coal coal gangue convolutional neural network CNN object classification volume estimation separation system

Multiplicity dependence of the freezeout parameters in high energy hadron-hadron collisions

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第5期48卷 124-133页

作者： Muhammad Ajaz Majid shehzad Muhammad Waqas Haifa I.Alrebdi Mohammad Ayaz Ahmad Antalov Jagnandan shawn Jagnandan murad Badshah Jalal Hasan Baker Abdul Mosawir Quraishi Department of Physics Abdul Wali Khan University MardanMardan 23200Pakistan school of Mathematics Physics and Optoelectronic EngineeringHubei University of Automotive TechnologyShiyan 442002China Department of Physics College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh 11671Saudi Arabia Department of Mathematics Physics and StatisticsFaculty of Natural SciencesUniversity of Guyana101110 GeorgetownGuyananSouth America Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabukKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical Engineering College of EngineeringQassim UniversityUnaizahSaudi Arabia

We examined the transverse momentum(pT)spectra of various identified particles,encompassing both light-flavored and strange hadrons(π++π−,K++K−,p+p¯,ϕ,K0s,Λ+Λ¯,Ξ−+Ξ¯+,andΩ−+Ω¯+),across different multiplicity classes in proton-proton collisions(p-p)at a center-of-mass energy of s√=7 *** the Tsallis and Hagedorn models,parameters relevant to the bulk properties of nuclear matter were *** models exhibit good agreement with experimental *** our analyses,we observed a consistent decrease in the effective temperature(T)for the Tsallis model and the kinetic or thermal freeze-out temperature(T0)for the Hagedorn model,as we transitioned from higher multiplicity(class-I)to lower multiplicity(class-X).This trend is attributed to the diminished energy transfer in higher multiplicity ***,we observed that the transverse flow velocity(βT)experiences a decline from class-I to *** normalization constant,which represents the multiplicity of produced particles,was observed to decrease as we moved toward higher multiplicity *** the effective and kinetic freeze-out temperatures,as well as the transverse flow velocity,show a mild dependency on multiplicity for lighter particles,this dependency becomes more pronounced for heavier *** multiplicity parameter for heavier particles was observed to be smaller than that of lighter particles,indicating a greater abundance of lighter hadrons compared to heavier *** particle species were observed to undergo decoupling from the fireball at distinct temperatures:lighter particles exhibit lower temperatures,while heavier ones show higher temperatures,thereby supporting the concept of multiple freeze-out ***,we identified a positive correlation between the kinetic freeze-out temperature and transverse flow velocity,a scenario where particles experience stronger collective motion at a higher freeze-out *** reason for this positive correlation is th

关键词： multiplicity dependence collective properties thermal energy

Detection and clearance in Alzheimer’s disease: leading with illusive chemical, structural and morphological features of the targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 497-498页

作者： Luís Gales i3s−Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em saúde Rua Alfredo AllenPortoPortugal(Gales L)IBMC−Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo AllenPortoPortugal ICBAs−Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel salazar Rua de Jorge Viterbo FerreiraPortoPortugal

Highly specific interactions between biomolecules,such as antigen-antibody,protein-ligand,or nucleic acid base pair complementary are on the basis of the organization of complex *** same principles may be tentatively used in molecular medicine for diagnosis and therapeutics.A molecule can be designed to selectively bind a protease and thereby inhibit the production of a peptide that forms toxic aggregates in the brain or an antibody may be produced to bind specifically to that peptide for detection or clearance ***,interference in biological systems is not that *** a start there is the inhibition of the physiological role of the protease;moreover,several cleavage fragments may be produced,which may continue to diverge due to putative post-translational modification and self-assembly processes,hiding the toxic target in a“soup”of peptide species varying in size,structure and chemical composition.A perspective of the current status and challenges in targeting peptide species for diagnosis and treatment in the context of Alzheimer’s disease is given.

关键词： Alzheimer diagnosis thereby

Astrophysical s-factor and reaction rate for 15N(p,γ)16O within the modified potential cluster model

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Chinese Physics C 2024年第4期48卷 130-145页

作者： s.B.Dubovichenko A.s.Tkachenko R.Ya.Kezerashvili N.A.Burkova B.M.Yeleusheva Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute 050020 AlmatyKazakhstan New York City College of Technology City University of New YorkBrooklyn11201 New YorkUSA Graduate school and University Center City University of New York10016 New YorkUSA al-Farabi Kazakh National University 050040 AlmatyKazakhstan

We study radiative p^(15)N capture on the ground state of ^(16)O at stellar energies within the framework of a modified potential cluster model(MPCM)with forbidden states,including low-lying *** investigation of the ^(15)N(p,γ0)^(16)O reaction includes the consideration of ^(3)s_(1) resonances due to E1 transitions and the contribution of the ^(3)P_(1) scattering wave in the p+^(15)N channel due to the ^(3)P_(1)→^(3)P_(0)M1 *** calculated the astrophysical low-energy s-factor,and the extrapolated s(0)turned out to be within 34.7−40.4 keV·*** important role of the asymptotic constant(AC)for the ^(15)N(p,γ0)16O process with interfering ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances is elucidated.A comparison of our calculation for the s-factor with existing experimental and theoretical data is addressed,and a reasonable agreement is *** reaction rate is calculated and compared with the existing *** has negligible dependence on the variation of AC but shows a strong impact of the interference of ^(3)s_(1)(312)and ^(3)s_(1)(962)resonances in reference to the CNO Gamow windows,especially at low *** estimate the contribution of cascade transitions to the reaction rate based on the exclusive experimental data from ***.C.85,065810(2012).The reaction rate enhancement due to the cascade transitions is observed from T_(9)>0.3 and reaches the maximum factor~1.3 at T_(9)=*** present the Gamow energy window and a comparison of rates for radiative proton capture reactions ^(12)N(p,γ)^(13)O,^(13)N(p,γ)^(14)O,^(14)N(p,γ)^(15)O,and ^(15)N(p,γ)^(16)O obtained in the framework of the MPCM and provide the temperature windows,prevalence,and significance of each process.

关键词： low and astrophysical energies p^(15)N system thermonuclear reaction rate potential cluster model CNO-cycle

The autophagy protein Atg9 functions in glia and contributes to parkinsonian symptoms in a Drosophila model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 1150-1155页

作者： shuanglong Yi Linfang Wang Margaret s.Ho shiping Zhang school of Life science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghaiChina College of Life sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor deficits,dopaminergic neuron loss,and brain accumulation ofα-synuclein aggregates called Lewy *** in protein degradation pathways,such as autophagy,has been demonstrated in neurons as a critical mechanism for eliminating protein aggregates in Parkinson’s ***,it is less well understood how protein aggregates are eliminated in glia,the other cell type in the *** the present study,we show that autophagy-related gene 9(Atg9),the only transmembrane protein in the autophagy machinery,is highly expressed in Drosophila glia from adult *** from immunostaining and live cell imaging analysis reveal that a portion of Atg9 localizes to the trans-Golgi network,autophagosomes,and lysosomes in ***9 is persistently in contact with these *** glial atg9 reduces the number of omegasomes and autophagosomes,and impairs autophagic substrate *** suggests that glial Atg9 participates in the early steps of autophagy,and hence the control of autophagic ***,loss of glial atg9 induces parkinsonian symptoms in Drosophila including progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons,locomotion deficits,and glial *** findings identify a functional role of Atg9 in glial autophagy and establish a potential link between glial autophagy and Parkinson’s *** results may provide new insights on the underlying mechanism of Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Atg9 autophagy glia Parkinson’s disease

sleep-based neuronal oscillations as a physiological biomarker for Alzheimer's disease:is night time the right time?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1417-1418页

作者： Jonathan Witton Erica s.Brady Michael T.Craig Department of Clinical and Biomedical sciences Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEnglandUK Gladstone Institute for Neurological Disease San FranciscoCAUSA school of Psychology and Neuroscience College of MedicalVeterinary and Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowScotlandUK

Dementia is a devastating syndrome characterized by memory problems,confusion,and behavior changes that prevent people from performing everyday *** is the leading cause of dependency and disability amongst older people,resulting in a global economic cost of ~$1.3 *** 58 million people are currently afflicted by dementia worldwide,with Alzheimer s disease(AD) causing most(60-70%) of these cases.

关键词： Alzheimer everyday performing

Effect of Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+ doping on luminescent property of GdNbO4

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第1期42卷 66-75页

作者： s.W.Wi Y.s.Lee Department of Physics and Integrative Institute of Basic sciences Soongsil University

We investigated the emission properties of Eu3+-doped GdNbO4-based oxide phosphors,aiming at improving the Eu3+emission by codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Eu3+singly doped,Eu3+and Bi3+doubly doped,and Eu3+,Bi3+,and Li+triply doped GdNbO4were prepared using a high-temperature solid-state reaction *** red-orange emissions from Eu3+in the singly doped samples are significantly improved by the codoping of Bi3+,mainly due to the energy transfer from Bi3+to Eu3+.The additional codoping of Li+is found to increase the Eu3+emission *** improvement might be attributed to the increase in the photoluminescent quantum yield originating from larger grain sizes and better crystallinity.A detailed analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern and the asymmetric ratio estimated from the photoluminescence spectra show that the local lattice environment around Eu3+in GdNbO4does not change significantly with the codoping of Bi3+and Li+.Our results indicate that Li+doping is a promising way to improve the emission properties of rare-earth ion-doped GdNbO4phosphors.

关键词： Eu 3+ GdNbO 4 Codoping of Li + Photoluminescence sensitizer Rare earths

First evidence for chiral wobbling of triaxial nuclei

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 4-7页

作者： s.Frauendorf Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA

Chirality(Greek“handiness”)is a property of many com-plex *** molecules exist in two forms,one being the mirror image of the *** for our hands,it is impossible to make the images identical by a suitable *** two forms are called left-handed and *** have the same binding energy,because the electro-magnetic interaction,which holds the molecule together,does not change under a *** properties that are insensitive to the geometry are also the *** different geometry is the reason why the left-handed form turns the polarization plane of transmitted light in one direction by some angle while the right-handed form turns it in the oppo-site direction by the same ***,the geometrical differences between the two species may have other *** two species of the carvon molecule shown in Fig.1 taste quite differently.

关键词： turns Chiral mirror