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Improving the Segmentation of Arabic Handwriting Using Ligature Detection Technique

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 2015-2034页

作者： husam Ahmad Al Hamad Mohammad Shehab College of Computer Sciences and Informatics Amman Arab UniversityAmman11953Jordan

Recognizing handwritten characters remains a critical and formidable challenge within the realm of computervision. Although considerable strides have been made in enhancing English handwritten character recognitionthrough various techniques, deciphering Arabic handwritten characters is particularly intricate. This complexityarises from the diverse array of writing styles among individuals, coupled with the various shapes that a singlecharacter can take when positioned differently within document images, rendering the task more perplexing. Inthis study, a novel segmentation method for Arabic handwritten scripts is suggested. This work aims to locatethe local minima of the vertical and diagonal word image densities to precisely identify the segmentation pointsbetween the cursive letters. The proposed method starts with pre-processing the word image without affectingits main features, then calculates the directions pixel density of the word image by scanning it vertically and fromangles 30° to 90° to count the pixel density fromall directions and address the problem of overlapping letters, whichis a commonly attitude in writing Arabic texts by many people. Local minima and thresholds are also determinedto identify the ideal segmentation area. The proposed technique is tested on samples obtained fromtwo datasets: Aself-curated image dataset and the IFN/ENIT dataset. The results demonstrate that the proposed method achievesa significant improvement in the proportions of cursive segmentation of 92.96% on our dataset, as well as 89.37%on the IFN/ENIT dataset.

关键词： Arabic handwritten segmentation image processing ligature detection technique intelligent recognition

Review of Artificial Neural Networks for Wind Turbine Fatigue Prediction

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Structural Durability & Health Monitoring 2024年第6期18卷 707-737页

作者： husam AlShannaq Aly Mousaad Aly Windstorm Impact Science and Engineering(WISE)Research LabLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLA 70803USA

Wind turbines have emerged as a prominent renewable energy source *** monitoring and detection methods are crucial to enhance their operational effectiveness,particularly in identifying fatigue-related *** review focuses on leveraging artificial neural networks(ANNs)for wind turbine monitoring and fatigue detection,aiming to provide a valuable reference for researchers in this domain and related *** various ANN techniques,including General Regression Neural Network(GRNN),Support Vector Machine(SVM),Cuckoo Search Neural Network(CSNN),Backpropagation Neural Network(BPNN),Particle Swarm Optimization Artificial Neural Network(PSO-ANN),Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),and nonlinear autoregressive networks with exogenous inputs(NARX),we investigate the impact of average wind speed on stress transfer function and fatigue damage in wind turbine *** findings indicate significant precision levels exhibited by GRNN and SVM,making them suitable for practical *** demonstrates superiority over BPNN and PSO-ANN in predicting blade fatigue life,showcasing enhanced accuracy,computational speed,precision,and convergence rate towards the global ***,CNN and NARX models display exceptional accuracy in classification *** results underscore the potential of ANNs in addressing challenges in wind turbine monitoring and fatigue ***,it’s important to acknowledge limitations such as data availability and model *** research should explore integrating real-time data and advanced optimization techniques to improve prediction accuracy and applicability in real-world *** summary,this review contributes to advancing the understanding of ANNs’efficacy in wind turbine monitoring and fatigue detection,offering insights and methodologies that can inform future research and practical applications in renewable energy systems.

关键词： Wind turbine fatigue prediction artificial neural network

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MXetronics-MXene电子学

无机材料学报 2024年第2期39卷 171-178页

作者：徐向明 husam N ALSHAREEF 阿卜杜拉国王科技大学沙特阿拉伯图瓦23955-6900

超薄的过渡金属碳氮化合物MXenes,作为一大类新兴二维(2D)材料,是当前材料研究热点方向之一。自2D材料发现至今已有近20年,以石墨烯、过渡金属硫族化合物、黑磷等为代表的2D材料在微纳电子领域经历了相对广泛且深入的研究,MXenes自2011... 详细信息

超薄的过渡金属碳氮化合物MXenes,作为一大类新兴二维(2D)材料,是当前材料研究热点方向之一。自2D材料发现至今已有近20年,以石墨烯、过渡金属硫族化合物、黑磷等为代表的2D材料在微纳电子领域经历了相对广泛且深入的研究,MXenes自2011年诞生以来在微纳电子领域的研究也方兴未艾。MXenes拥有丰富的元素结构组成和独特的物理化学特性(表面亲水性、功函可调、官能团可调、电和离子快速传输特性、表面离子激元、光热电、电磁吸收等),使其在微纳电子领域具有潜在的应用前景。Alshareef课题组近几年致力于将MXene引入到微纳电子领域,并在2019年用MXetronics来定义MXene电子学这一新兴的学术领域。本文简要总结和评价了该领域的代表性进展,梳理了包括微电子级的合成、加工、物性探索和器件应用等方面面临的挑战,最后指出一些关键的研究方向和尚未探索的细分领域。

关键词： MXenes 微纳电子薄膜微纳加工合成晶体管专题评述

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists as a possible intervention to delay the onset of type 1 diabetes:A new horizon

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 133-136页

作者： Mahmoud Nassar Ajay Chaudhuri husam Ghanim Paresh Dandona Department of Internal Medicine Division of EndocrinologyDiabetes and MetabolismJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesUniversity of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14221United States

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is a chronic autoimmune condition that destroys insulinproducing beta cells in the pancreas,leading to insulin deficiency and *** management of T1D primarily focuses on exogenous insulin replacement to control blood glucose ***,this approach does not address the underlying autoimmune process or prevent the progressive loss of beta *** research has explored the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists(GLP-1RAs)as a novel intervention to modify the disease course and delay the onset of ***-1RAs are medications initially developed for treating type 2 *** exert their effects by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion,suppressing glucagon secretion,and slowing gastric *** evidence suggests that GLP-1RAs may also benefit the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with *** article aims to highlight the potential of GLP-1RAs as an intervention to delay the onset of T1D,possibly through their potential immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects and preservation of *** article aims to explore the potential of shifting the paradigm of T1D management from reactive insulin replacement to proactive disease modification,which should open new avenues for preventing and treating T1D,improving the quality of life and long-term outcomes for individuals at risk of T1D.

关键词： Type 1 diabetes Semaglutide Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists Insulin therapy Autoimmune response Blood glucose monitoring Β-cell preservation Early screening Teplizumab Randomized controlled trials

Flat Zn deposition at battery anode via an ultrathin robust interlayer

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8104-8111页

作者： Yizhou Wang Jianyu Chen Zibo Chen Qian He Zhengnan Tian Jin Zhao Yanwen Ma husam N.Alshareef Materials Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Saudi Arabia State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays(KLOEID)and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsNanjing 210023China Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology Suzhou 215104China

Rechargeable aqueous zinc(Zn)ion batteries(AZIBs)using low-cost and safe Zn metal anodes are considered promising candidates for future grid-scale energy storage systems,but the Zn dendrite problem severely hinders the further prospects of *** Zn depositing behaviors toward horizontal alignment is highly effective and thus has received huge ***,such a strategy is usually based on previous substrate engineering,which requires complex preparation or expensive ***,it is essential to develop a novel solution that can realize horizontally aligned Zn flake deposition via easy operation and low ***,we report an ultrathin and robust Kevlar membrane as the interlayer to mechanically suppress Zn dendrite *** to the randomly distributed flaky dendrites in the control group,the deposited Zn sheets would grow into parallel alignment with the existence of such *** the dendrites are effectively suppressed,Zn||Cu asymmetric,Zn||Zn symmetric,and Zn||MnO_(2)full batteries using Kevlar interlayer deliver significantly improved cycling ***,the Zn||MnO_(2)pouch cell using a Kevlar interlayer delivers stable cycling performance and shows stable operation during multi-angle *** believe this work provides a new possibility for regulating Zn deposition from a crystallographic perspective.

关键词： Zn metal anodes Zn dendrites aqueous Zn ion batteries dendrite suppression (002)crystal plane

Recent developments in three-dimensional Zn metal anodes for battery applications

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InfoMat 2024年第1期6卷 1-30页

作者： Jianyu Chen Yizhou Wang Zhengnan Tian Jin Zhao Yanwen Ma husam N.Alshareef State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays(KLOEID)and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials(IAM)Nanjing University of Posts&Telecommunications(NUPT)Nanjingthe People's Republic of China Materials Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)ThuwalSaudi Arabia Suzhou Vocational Institute of Industrial Technology Suzhouthe People's Republic of China

Aqueous zinc(Zn)ion batteries(AZIBs)are regarded as one of the promising candidates for next-generation electrochemical energy storage systems due to their low cost,high safety,and environmental ***,the commercialization of AZIBs has been severely restricted by the growth of dendrite at the Zn metal *** the planar-structured Zn anodes into threedimensional(3D)structures has proven to be an effective way to modulate the plating/stripping behavior of Zn anodes,resulting in the suppression of dendrite *** review provides an up-to-date review of 3D structured Zn metal anodes,including working principles,design,current status,and future *** aim to give the readers a comprehensive understanding of 3D-structured Zn anodes and their effective usage to enhance AZIB performance.

关键词： 3D metal anodes aqueous Zn ion batteries dendrite suppression Zn dendrite Zn metal anodes

Recycling of Local Qatar’s Steel Slag and Gravel Deposits in Road Construction

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2024年第8期18卷 403-414页

作者： husam Sadek Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering College of EngineeringQatar UniversityDoha 2713Qatar

Every year,the State of Qatar generates about 400,000 tons of steel slag and another 500,000 tons of gravel as a result of steel manufacturing and washing sand,*** two materials(by-products)are not fully utilized to their best market *** the same time,infrastructural renewal will take place in Qatar over the next ten years,and there will be a greater demand for aggregates and other construction materials as the country suffers from the availability of good *** paper presents results obtained on the use of steel slag,gravel and gabbro(control)in HMAC(hot mix asphalt concrete)paving mixtures and road bases and *** were conducted in accordance with QCS-2010(Qatar Construction Specifications)and results were compared with QCS requirements for aggregates used in these *** on the data obtained in this work,steel slag and gravel aggregates have a promising potential to be used in HMAC paving mixtures on Qatar’s roads,whether in asphalt base and asphalt wearing courses or as unbound aggregates in the base and sub-base pavement structure.

关键词： Steel slag gravel by-products asphalt concrete sub-base Qatar.

The Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes of Adolescent Pregnancies in a Developed Cosmopolitan Middle Eastern Country: A Retrospective Pearl-Peristat Registry

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024年第8期14卷 1242-1252页

作者： Jihan Deghidy husam Salama Section of Neonatal and Perinatal Medicine Hamad Medical Corporation Doha State of Qatar

Background: Early marriage is prevalent in Middle Eastern culture. The objective of this study was to investigate the pregnancy outcomes of married pregnant adolescents in a prosperous and highly developed Middle Eastern society, when they receive sufficient prenatal care and social assistance. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the Peristat-based Maternal-Newborn registry utilizing hospital data acquired from four main governmental hospitals in Qatar. The study analyzed the pregnancy outcomes of young adults [ages 20 - 24) who experienced their first pregnancy and compared them to the pregnancy outcomes of adolescents aged 15 to 19 years old. Results: The study comprised a cohort of 3152 pregnant married women. This cohort included 2674 women between the ages of 20 and 24, as well as 478 adolescents aged 15 to 19 years old. In comparison to the young adult group, the non-Qatari population in the adolescent group was significantly higher (78.6% (376/478) vs. 71.5% (1914/2674), p-value = 0.003). Other Arab nationalities accounted for more than half of the adolescent population. All the mothers were married, did not use alcohol, and were nonsmokers. There were no documented mothers under the age of 15. Attending antenatal clinics was significantly higher in the adolescent group (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the mean gestational age at birth between adolescents and young adults (38.5 ± 2.3 weeks vs. 38.7 ± 2.1 weeks, p = 0.06). Furthermore, adolescent mothers had a higher rate of low birth weight (13.6% vs. 10.4%, p < 0.001) than young mothers. There was a non-statistically significant rise in pre-eclampsia incidence. Other unfavorable pregnancy outcomes were less common among them, such as diabetes, operative vaginal delivery, caesarean section, stillbirth, NICU hospitalization, and an Apgar score of less than 7 at five minutes. There were no maternal deaths;however, there was a comparable rate of neonatal in-hospital mortality. C

关键词： Adolescent Neonatal Obstetric Outcome Qatar Pregnancy Pearl-Peristat

Investigating the therapeutic efficacy of psilocybin in advanced cancer patients: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2024年第7期15卷 908-919页

作者： husam Bader husam Farraj Joud Maghnam Yazan Abu Omar Department of Internal Medicine University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States Department of Internal Medicine University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87106United States Faculty of Medicine AL-Balqa Applied UniversityAl-Salt 19110Jordan

BACKGROUND Psilocybin,a naturally occurring psychedelic compound found in certain species of mushrooms,is known for its effects on anxiety and *** has recently gained increasing interest for its potential therapeutic effects,particularly in patients with advanced *** systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of psilocybin on adult patients with advanced *** To investigate the therapeutic effect of psilocybin in patients with advanced *** A comprehensive search of electronic databases was conducted in PubMed,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,and Google Scholar for articles published up to February *** reference lists of the included studies were also searched to retrieve possible additional *** A total of 7 studies met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review,comprising 132 *** results revealed significant improvements in quality of life,pain control,and anxiety relief following psilocybin-assisted therapy,specifically results on anxiety *** effect sizes indicated statistically significant reductions in symptoms of anxiety at both 4 to 4.5 months[35.15(95%CI:32.28-38.01)]and 6 to 6.5 months[33.06(95%CI:28.73-37.40)].Post-administration compared to baseline assessments(P<0.05).Additionally,patients reported sustained improvements in psychological well-being and existential distress fo-llowing psilocybin *** The findings provided compelling evidence for the potential benefits of psilocybin-assisted therapy in improving quality of life,pain control,and anxiety relief in patients with advanced cancer.

关键词： Quality of life Advanced cancer Psilocybin Systemic review Meta analysis