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Field measurement of the impact of natural ventilation and portable air cleaners on indoor air quality in three occupant states

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Energy and Built Environment

Energy and Built Environment 2023年第5期4卷 601-613页

作者： Haiguo Yin Zhuohang Li Xinping Zhai Yuxuan Ning le Gao Haihang Cui Zhenjun Ma Angui Li School of Building Services Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’anShaanxi 710055China The Key Lab of Plateau Building and Eco-community in Qinghai XiningQinghai 810008China Qinghai Building and Materials Research Co. LtdXiningQinghai 810008China Qingdao Municipal Engineering Design Research Institute QingdaoShandong 266000China Sustainable Buildings Research Centre University of WollongongNSW 2522Australia

Natural ventilation(NV)has been considered a simple and effective method of ***,the intro-duction of NV does not achieve better indoor air quality(IAQ)when the outdoor atmospheric environment is ***,portable air cleaners(PACs)are increasing in use in recent years,but their effectiveness is highly dependent on the residents’habits.A typical residence in Xi’an,China was selected to examine the effects of the use of NV alone and the use of NV and PACs together on IAQ in the three occupant states,i.e.,unoc-cupied,sleeping and ***,such as temperature,relative humidity,CO_(2),and PM_(2.5)concentration were measured when changing the window opening and the position of the *** results showed that in the unoccupied state,opening the inner door can promote a more uniform thermal and humid *** the sleeping state,the I/O ratio of the PM_(2.5)concentration was the lowest when the window opening of the bedroom was 1/2 or 3/4,with a mean value of *** the leisure state,only using NV,when the purification rate reaches 90%,the mean purification time of each window opening in the living room is 87.5 *** mean purification time was reduced to 25 min when both NV and PAC were *** on-site purification efficiencies were 91.0%and 94.5%,when the window opening was 1/2(i.e.,the PAC was placed in the center of the room)and 3/4(i.e.,the PAC was placed away from the outer window),respectively.

关键词： Residential buildings Indoor air quality Field measurement Natural ventilation Portable air cleaner Occupant states

Performances evaluation of four typical unmanned aerial vehicles used for pesticide application in China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2017年第4期10卷 22-31页

作者： Wang Shilin Song Jianli He Xiongkui Song le Wang Xiaonan Wang Changling Wang Zhichong Ling Yun College of science China Agriculture UniversityBeijing 100193China

In recent years,unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)for plant protection have achieved rapid development in *** order to test and evaluate the performances of pesticides application and development status of UAVs in China,four typical UAV models were selected to test the spraying coverage,penetrability,droplets density and the work *** results showed that the deposition and spraying liquid coverage were inconsistent both in lateral and longitudinal *** the condition of the similar amount of spray volume and operation parameters,the volume median diameter(VMD)of the droplet was negatively correlated with the coverage *** failure of the UAVs for plant protection mainly took up on the blockage of nozzle,transfusion tube and the liquid *** failure rate of UAVs took up 3.73%-4.36%of the total working *** operation of UAVs during ground service took up 50%of the total working time,the preparation work took up 10%,and the route planning took up around 10%,while net operation time only took up around 30%.On the whole,the high efficiency of UAV was not fully achieved;the daily operated area was not in a satisfactory level *** spraying performances of UAVs still need further improvement.

关键词： unmanned aerial vehicle work efficiency pesticide application deposition distribution

Conservation of IRE1-Regulated bZIP74 mRNA Unconventional Splicing in Rice （Oryza sativa L.） Involved in ER Stress Responses

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Molecular Plant 2012年第2期5卷 504-514页

作者： Sun-Jie Lu Zheng-Ting Yang Ling Sun le Sun Ze-Ting Song Jian-Xiang Li State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Institute of Plant BiologySchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200433China

Protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum （ER） is a fundamental process in plant cells that is vulnerable to many environmental stresses. When unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER, the well-conserved unfolded protein response （UPR） is initiated to mitigate the ER stress by enhancing the protein folding capability and/or accelerating the ER-associated protein degradation. Here, we report the conservation of the activation mechanism of OsbZIP74 （also known as OsbZIP50）, an important ER stress regulator in monocot plant rice （Oryza sativa L.）. Under normal conditions, OsbZIP74 mRNA encodes a basic leucine-zipper transcription factor with a putative transmembrane domain. When treating with ER stress-inducing agents such as tunicamycin and DTT, the conserved double stem-loop structures of OsbZIP74 mRNA are spliced out. Thereafter, the resulting new OsbZIP74 mRNA produces the nucleus-localized form of OsbZIP74 protein, eliminating the hydrophobic region. The activated form of OsbZIP74 has transcriptional activation activity in both yeast cells and Arabidopsis leaf protoplasts. The induction of OsbZIP74 splicing is much suppressed in the OsIRE1 knock- down rice plants, indicating the involvement of OslRE1 in OsbZIP74 splicing. We also demonstrate that the unconventional splicing of OsbZIP74 mRNA is associated with heat stress and salicylic acid, which is an important plant hormone in systemic acquired resistance against pathogen or parasite.

关键词： mRNA unconventional splicing unfolded protein response bZIP transcription factor IRE1 heat stress salicylic acid (SA) Oryza sativa.

A New Hybrid Algorithm and Its Numerical Realization for a Quasi-nonexpansive Mapping

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Communications in Mathematical Research 2017年第4期33卷 340-346页

作者： GAO XING-HUI MA le-RONG Ji You-qing College of Mathematics and Computer Science Yan'an University

The purpose of this article is to propose a new hybrid projection method for a quasi-nonexpansive mapping. The strong convergence of the algorithm is proved in real Hilbert spaces. A numerical experiment is also included to explain the effectiveness of the proposed methods. The results of this paper are interesting extensions of those known results.

关键词： quasi-nonexpansive mapping hybrid algorithm strong convergence Hilbert space

Toxicity of the brominated flame retardant tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2011年第15期56卷 1548-1555页

作者： ZHANG Xu LI Juan CHEN MinJie WU le ZHANG Chi ZHANG Jie ZHOU QunFang LIANG Yong Key Laboratory of Subtropical Agriculture and Environment Ministry of Agriculture Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 China School of Medicine Jianghan University Wuhan 430056 China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beifing 100085 China

Tris-(2,3-dibromopropyl) isocyanurate (TBC) is a heterocyclic brominated flame retardant that was recently detected in the environment in *** is semi-volatile and can accumulate in the lipid of some species,but little is known about its effect on aquatic *** exposed adult zebrafish to 0,0.25,1 and 4mg/L TBC for 28 d and measured the effect on survival,growth,histopathology,hormone levels,enzyme activity,and gene *** exposure had no effect on survival or *** observed significant damage to the liver and gill,including hepatocellular swelling and fatty degeneration in the liver as well as proliferation and edema of epithelial cells in the *** addition,exposure to 4mg/L TBC induced proliferation of goblet cells in the intestine of both sexes,acellular areas in the testis,and thinly scattered vitellogenic granules in vitellogenic *** exposure had no effect on the levels of thyroid hormones,testosterone,estradiol,liver superoxide dismutase activity,malondialdehyde content,and brain cholinesterase *** contrast,hepatic vitellogenin and cytochrome P4501A gene expression was significantly down-regulated in both male and female zebrafish in response to TBC *** results suggest that exposure to TBC causes a variety of potential reproductive and endocrine toxic effects.

关键词：溴化阻燃剂异氰脲酸酯毒性作用斑马鱼超氧化物歧化酶活性丙基二溴基因表达

Organocatalytic asymmetric[2+2] cycloaddition of alkynes with quinones

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Science China Chemistry 2023年第8期66卷 2292-2299页

作者： Huai-Ri Sun Lan Yang Yu Li le Yu Bo-Bo Gou Atif Sharif Qing-Song Jian Jie Chen Ling Zhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule of the Ministry of Education College of Chemistry&Materials ScienceNorthwest UniversityXi’an710127China

A chiral phosphoric acid catalyzed enantioselective[2+2] cycloaddition of alkynylindols or alkynylnaphthols with quinones is disclosed.A class of functionalized cyclobutenes with excellent yields,diastereo-and enantioselectivities were prepared under mild reaction conditions(70 examples,up to 99%yield,99%ee,all>50:1 dr).Mechanistic studies revealed that a dearomatization of indole or naphthol occurred to initiate the cycloaddition,followed by an intramolecular Michael addition with in situ generated allene-iminium or vinylidene-quinone methide *** competitive[2+3] cycloaddition was prevented in this catalytic *** interesting central to axial chirality conversion via a rearrangement process was realized during transformation of the product.

关键词： organocatalysis [2+2]cycloaddition asymmetric catalysis alkynes cyclobutenes

Study on Coal Consumption Curve Fitting of the Thermal Power Based on Genetic Algorithm

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2015年第4期3卷 431-437页

作者： le-le Cui Yang-Fan Li Pan Long State Grid MianYang Electric Power Supply Company MianYang Sichuan China

Coal consumption curve of the thermal power plant can reflect the function relationship between the coal consumption of unit and load, which plays a key role for research on unit economic operation and load optimal dispatch. Now get coal consumption curve is generally obtained by least square method, but which are static curve and these curves remain unchanged for a long time, and make them are incompatible with the actual operation situation of the unit. Furthermore, coal consumption has the characteristics of typical nonlinear and time varying, sometimes the least square method does not work for nonlinear complex problems. For these problems, a method of coal consumption curve fitting of the thermal power plant units based on genetic algorithm is proposed. The residual analysis method is used for data detection;quadratic function is employed to the objective function;appropriate parameters such as initial population size, crossover rate and mutation rate are set;the unit’s actual coal consumption curves are fitted, and comparing the proposed method with least squares method, the results indicate that fitting effect of the former is better than the latter, and further indicate that the proposed method to do curve fitting can best approximate known data in a certain significance, and they can real-timely reflect the interdependence between power output and coal consumption.

关键词： Thermal Power Plant Coal Consumption Curve Unit least Squares Method Genetic Algorithm Curve Fitting Nonlinear Problems

Biomass Carbon Improves the Adsorption Performance of Gangue-Based Ceramsites:Adsorption Kinetics and Mechanism Analysis

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2023年第12期11卷 4161-4174页

作者： Haodong Li Huiling Du le Kang Yewen Zhang Tong Lu Yuchan Zhang Lan Yang Shijie Song College of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyXi’an710054China Shccig Yulin Chemical Co. Ltd.Management Committee of Yushen Industrial ZoneYulinChina

The large accumulation of coal gangue,a common industrial solid waste,causes severe environmental problems,and green development strategies are required to transform this waste into high-value-added *** this study,low-cost ceramsites adsorbents were prepared from waste gangue,silt coal,and peanut shells and applied to remove the organic dye methylene blue from *** investigated the microstructure of ceramsites and the effects of the sintering atmosphere,sintering temperature,and solution pH on their adsorption *** ceramsites sintered at 800℃under a nitrogen atmosphere exhibited the largest three-dimensional-interconnected hierarchical porous structure among the prepared ceramsites;further,it exhibited the highest methylene blue adsorption performance,with an adsorption capacity of 0.954 mg·g^(−1),adsorption efficiency of over 95%,and adsorption equilibrium time of 1 h at a solution pH of *** removal efficiency remained greater than 75%after five adsorption *** adsorption kinetics data were analyzed using various models,including the pseudosecond-order kinetic model and Langmuir equation,and the adsorption was attributed to electrostatic interactions between the dyes and ceramsites,n-interactions,and hydrogen *** prepared coal gangue ceramsites exhibited excellent adsorption capacities,removal rates,and cyclic stabilities,demonstrating their promising application prospects for the comprehensive utilization of solid waste and for wastewater treatment.

关键词： Porous ceramsites adsorption biological carbon kinetic analysis adsorption mechanism

基于ADAMS的全断面竖井掘进机锥形刀盘载荷特性

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科学技术与工程 2024年第17期24卷 7122-7130页

作者：王帅郭庚鑫李阁强董振乐李东林韩伟锋焦雷宋斌河南科技大学机电工程学院洛阳471003 机械装备先进制造河南省协同中心洛阳471003 盾构及掘进技术国家重点实验室郑州450001 中铁十五局集团有限公司上海200000 营口市环境工程开发有限公司营口115000

全断面竖井掘进机锥形刀盘在竖井施工中具有导向性好、姿态调整方便等优点,滚刀作为竖井掘进机施工中最直接的破岩工具,获取其载荷分布规律对于竖井掘进机的刀盘刀具系统的合理设计和掘进过程中装备姿态的调整具有重要意义。基于ADAMS... 详细信息

全断面竖井掘进机锥形刀盘在竖井施工中具有导向性好、姿态调整方便等优点,滚刀作为竖井掘进机施工中最直接的破岩工具,获取其载荷分布规律对于竖井掘进机的刀盘刀具系统的合理设计和掘进过程中装备姿态的调整具有重要意义。基于ADAMS建立了全断面竖井掘进机锥形刀盘与岩体耦合模型,合理施加约束条件对正常掘进工况进行仿真,获取了竖井掘进机锥形刀盘刀具的载荷分布规律。结果表明:由于安装方式的不同,正滚刀所受到的侧向力和滚动力均大于中心滚刀,对正滚刀刀座与辐条之间的连接强度提出了更高要求;随着正滚刀在刀盘上安装半径的增大,其受到的垂直力也增大。中心滚刀所受到合力载荷稳定性较正滚刀明显较好,波动更小;随着滚刀在刀盘上安装半径的增加,滚刀所受到的合力载荷大小波动更大,载荷稳定性也更差。

关键词：全断面竖井掘进机 ADAMS动力学仿真锥形刀盘滚刀载荷雨流计数稳定性分析