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Epidemiology and Clonal Spread Evidence of Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms in the Center of Care and Protection of Orphaned Children, Vietnam

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024年第3期14卷 165-189页

作者： Van Kim Nguyen Pirom Noisumdaeng Pol. Maj. Katiya Ivanovitch Stephen Baker Eugene Athan Stephanie Jones le thi Lan Larry Croft Yin Peng lee Tara Cassidy Van Hung Tran thi Hang Phan Huu Tinh Ho Faculty of Public Health Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand Department of Prevention and Infection Control Hung Vuong Hospital HCM City Vietnam Microbiology of Faculty of Public Health Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand Thammasat University Research Unit in Modern Microbiology and Public Health Genomics Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand National Heart & Lung Institute (NHLI) University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Barwon South West Public Health Unit Geelong Australia Center for Innovation in Infectious Disease and Immunology Research (CIIDIR) Geelong Australia School of Medicine Deakin University Burwood Australia Monash Health Berwick Australia Center of Care and Protection of Orphaned Children HCM City Vietnam Charles River Laboratories Microbial Solutions Melbourne Australia Personnel Department of Nhan Dan Gia Dinh Hospital HCM City Vietnam Hung Vuong Hospital HCM City Vietnam Department of Epidemiology Institute of Public Health HCM City Vietnam

Objective: To determine the prevalence of colonization and transmission of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative organisms in order to develop of an effective infection prevention program. Design: Cross-sectional study with carbapenem-resistant organisms (CRO) colonization detection from the fecal specimens of 20 Health Care Workers (HCWs) and 67 residents and 175 random environment specimens from September 2022 to September 2023. Setting: A Care and Protection Centre of Orphaned Children in South of HCM City. Participants: It included 20 HCWs, 67 residents, and 175 randomly collected environmental specimens. Method: Rectal and environmental swabs were collected from 20 HCWs, 67 residents (most of them were children), and 175 environmental specimens. MELAB Chromogenic CARBA agar plates, Card NID, and NMIC-500 CPO of the BD Phoenix TM Automated Microbiology System and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were the tests to screen, confirm CROs, respectively and determine CRO colonization and transmission between HCWs, residents, and the environment. Result: We detected 36 CRO isolates, including 6, 11 and 19 CROs found in 6 HCWs, 10 residents and 19 environments. The prevalence of detectable CRO was 30% (6/20) in HCWs, 14.92% (10/67) in residents, and 10.86% (19/175) in environmental swabs in our study. WGS demonstrated CRO colonization and transmission with the clonal spread of E. coli and A. nosocomialis, among HCWs and residents (children). Conclusion: Significant CRO colonization and transmission was evident in HCWs, residents, and the center environment. Cleaning and disinfection of the environment and performing regular hand hygiene are priorities to reduce the risk of CRO colonization and transmission.

关键词： Carbapenem-Resistant Organisms Contamination Hand Hygiene Whole Genome Sequencing Infection Prevention

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Effect of addition temperature on dispersion behavior and grain refinement efficiency of MgO introduced into Mg alloy

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2024年第8期34卷 2491-2506页

作者： le ZAI Xin TONG Yun WANG Xiao-huai XUE School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China Brunel Centre for Advanced Solidification Technology(BCAST) Brunel University LondonUxbridgeMiddlesex UB83PHUnited Kingdom

The effect of addition temperature of MgO particles(MgOp)on their dispersion behavior and the efficiency of grain refinement in AZ31 Mg alloy was *** addition,the grain refinement mechanism was systematically studied by microstructure characterization,thermodynamic calculation,and analysis of solidification *** results show that the grain size of AZ31 Mg alloy initially decreases and then increases as the MgOp addition temperature is increased from 720 to 810°C,exhibiting a minimum value of 136μm at 780°*** improved grain refinement efficiency with increasing MgOp addition temperature can be attributed to the reduced Mg melt viscosity and enhanced wettability between MgOp and Mg ***,a corresponding physical model describing the solidification behavior and grain refinement mechanism was proposed.

关键词： grain refinement MgO nucleation particles AZ31 alloy addition temperature dispersion behavior

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Nutritional Practices among Ethnic Minorities and Child Malnutrition in Mountainous Areas of Central Vietnam

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第1期4卷 82-89页

作者： le thi huong Vu thi thu Nga Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Hanoi Medical University Hanoi Vietnam.

Background: Despite the success of National Action Plan on Nutrition program in reducing malnutrition among children under 5 years old in Vietnamin recent years, the rate of malnutrition inVietnamremains higher than that rate in other surrounding countries. The rate is especially high in mountainous areas. this study aims to explore the association between the mother’s nutrition care practice and the nutritional status of their children. Methods: 400 Children under 5 years of age and their mothers from Thanh Hoa—a Northern Province of Vietnam were included in this survey. Weight and height of the children were measured. Information related to the mother’s knowledge and practices pertaining to child health care and nutrition was collected. Results: The malnutrition rate was 29.3% by weight for age score (WAZ), 28.3% by height for age score (HAZ) and 10.0% by weight for height score (WHZ). 27.3% of mothers discarded the colostrum milk. 21.3% of children were fed with chewing rice before breastfeeding. Exclusive breastfeeding up to four months was 17.8% and exclusive breastfeeding rates for 6 months or more was 8.6%. Weaning practice before four months of age was 53.7%. There was an association between malnutrition with mother’s ethnic group, and the frequency of consumption of protein rich food. Conclusion: Malnutrition of ethnic minority children under five years of age is still a public health problem in the central mountainous areas ofVietnam. Inappropriate breastfeeding and weaning practice among ethnic minority women were associated with this high rate. Further effort should continue to improve the nutrition status of ethnic minority children under 5 years of age. Customized, culturally adapted interventions for ethnic minority women to strengthen their nutrition care knowledge, attitude and practice, especially breastfeeding and weaning practice are the key to achieving better nutrition status of their children.

关键词： Malnutrition Children Knowledge and Practice Vietnam

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Enhancement of mechanical properties of GTAW joints for ZC63 magnesium alloy by post-weld heat treatment

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第2期169卷 251-263页

作者： Weiyang Zhou Qichi le Ye Shi Qiyu Liao Tong Wang Qi Zou Clodualdo Aranas Jr Key Lab of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials Ministry of EducationNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Key Laboratory of Lightweight Structural Materials Liaoning ProvinceNortheastern UniversityShenyang 110819China School of Materials Science and Engineering Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of New BrunswickFrederictonE3B 5A3New BrunswickCanada

To further improve the microstructure and mechanical properties of gas tungsten arc welded(GTAW)welded joints for ZC63 magnesium alloy,post-weld heat treatment is carried *** is found that the majority of the MgZnCu phase in the fusion zone(FZ)is dissolved in theα-Mg matrix under suitable heat treatment *** remainder is diffusely distributed as rods or granules at the grain *** excessive heat treatment temperature(460℃)leads to abnormal grain growth(AGG)in the *** substructure gradient between the abnormally grown grains and the surrounding small grains pro-vides the driving force for ***,the dissolution of the MgZnCu phase weakens the hindering effect of the second phase on grain boundary migration,setting the stage for *** addition,the detri-mental impact of the continuous MgZnCu phase on the mechanical properties of the welded joint is also lessened by its *** ultimate tensile strength(UTS),yield strength(YS)and elongation(EL)of the welded joints are 255 MPa,119 MPa and 27.0%,respectively,under the post-weld heat treatment process of 440℃×12 *** welding coefficient of the welded joint reaches 97.0%,satisfying the service criteria set forth by the mechanical properties of the welded joints.

关键词： GTAW FZ Heat treatment AGG Mechanical properties

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An effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening:Construction of multi-element co-segregated grain boundary complexion

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第7期13卷 1060-1071页

作者： le Fu Gabriel Arcuri Wenjun Yu Bohan Wang Zihua lei Ying Deng Kathryn Grandfield School of Material Science and Engineering Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Canadian Centre for Electron Microscopy McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Materials Science and Engineering McMaster UniversityHamilton L8S 4L8Canada

When exposed to moderate to high temperatures,nanomaterials typically suffer from severe grain coarsening,which has long been a major concern that prevents their wider ***,we proposed an effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening by constructing grain boundary(GB)complexions with multiple codoped dopants,which hindered coarsening from both energetic and kinetic *** demonstrate the feasibility of this strategy,multiple selected dopants were doped into a ZrO_(2)-SiO_(2)nanocrystalline glass ceramic(NCGC)to form GB *** results showed that NCGC was predominantly composed of ZrO_(2)nanocrystallites(NCs)distributed in an amorphous SiO_(2)*** layers of GB complexions(~2.5 nm)were formed between adjacent ZrO_(2)NCs,and they were crystalline superstructures with co-segregated *** addition,a small amount of quartz solid solution was formed,and it adhered to the periphery of ZrO_(2)NCs and bridged the adjacent NCs,acting as a“bridging phase”.The GB complexions and the“bridging phase”synergistically enhanced the coarsening resistance of ZrO_(2)NCs up to 1000°*** findings are important for understanding GB complexions and are expected to provide new insights into the design of nanomaterials with excellent thermodynamic stability.

关键词： Zr_(2)-Si_(2) multi-element co-segregation grain boundary(GB)complexion grain coarsening atom probe tomography(APT)

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Simple electrode assembly engineering:Toward a multifunctional lead-acid battery

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第9期96卷 536-543页

作者： Xiaojuan Cao Xiaoyu Yan Kai Zhao le Ke Xiaoyi Jiang Lingjiao Li Ning Yan Key Laboratory of Artificial Micro-and Nano-Structures of Ministry of Education School of Physics and TechnologyWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072HubeiChina Shenzhen Research Institute of Wuhan University Shenzhen 518057GuangdongChina

Electrochemical energy storage is a promising technology for the integration of renewable ***-acid battery is perhaps among the most successful commercialized systems ever since thanks to its excellent cost-effectiveness and safety *** of 165 years of development,the low energy density as well as the coupled power and energy density scaling restrain its wider application in real *** address this challenge,we optimized the configuration of conventional Pb-acid battery to integrate two gas diffusion *** novel device can work as a Pb-air battery using ambient air,showing a peak power density of 183 mW cm^(−2),which was comparable with other state-of-the-art metal-O_(2)*** can also behave as a fuel cell,simultaneously converting H_(2)and air into electricity with a peak power density of 75 mW cm^(−2).Importantly,this device showed little performance degradation after 35 h of the longevity *** work shows the exciting potential of lead battery technology and demonstrates the importance of battery architecture optimization toward improved energy storage capacity.

关键词： lead-acid battery Decoupled electrode reaction Energy storage Discharge capacity Fuel cell

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CpG Island Definition and Methylation Mapping of the T2T-YAO Genome

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GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2024年第2期22卷 qzae009页

作者： Xiao, Ming Wei, Rui Yu, Jun Gao, Chujie Yang, Fengyi Zhang, le Sichuan Univ Coll Comp Sci Chengdu 610065 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Hangzhou Inst Adv Study Sch Life Sci Key Lab Syst Hlth Sci Zhejiang Prov Hangzhou 310024 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Beijing Inst Genom CAS Key Lab Genome Sci & Informat Beijing 100101 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Beijing 100049 Peoples R China

Precisely defining and mapping all cytosine (C) positions and their clusters, known as CpG islands (CGIs), as well as their methylation status, are pivotal for genome-wide epigenetic studies, especially when population-centric reference genomes are ready for timely application. Here, we first align the two high-quality reference genomes, T2T-YAO and T2T-CHM13, from different ethnic backgrounds in a base-by-base fashion and compute their genome-wide density-defined and position-defined CGIs. Second, by mapping some representative genome-wide methylation data from selected organs onto the two genomes, we find that there are about 4.7%-5.8% sequence divergency of variable categories depending on quality cutoffs. Genes among the divergent sequences are mostly associated with neurological functions. Moreover, CGIs associated with the divergent sequences are significantly different with respect to CpG density and observed CpG/expected CpG (O/E) ratio between the two genomes. Finally, we find that the T2T-YAO genome not only has a greater CpG coverage than that of the T2T-CHM13 genome when whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) data from the European and American populations are mapped to each reference, but also shows more hyper-methylated CpG sites as compared to the T2T-CHM13 genome. Our study suggests that future genome-wide epigenetic studies of the Chinese populations rely on both acquisition of high-quality methylation data and subsequent precision CGI mapping based on the Chinese T2T reference.

关键词： T2T-YAO Position-defined CpG island Density-defined CpG island DNA methylation Genome analysis DNA METHYLATION SURVIVAL DATABASE GENES

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How Can Practitioners Support Citizen Volunteers in Disaster Risk Reduction? Insight from “Good and Ready” in Aotearoa New Zealand

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第03期15卷 374-387页

作者： Lo?c le Dé Steve Ronoh Ei Mon thinn Kyu Brigitte Rive School of Public Health and Interdisciplinary Studies Auckland University of Technology Pacific Health Research Centre Auckland University of Technology New Zealand Red Cross

Global and national policy frameworks emphasize the importance of people's participation and volunteers' role in disaster risk reduction. While research has extensively focused on volunteers in disaster response and recovery, less attention has been paid on how organizations involved in disaster risk management can support volunteers in leading and coordinating communitybased disaster risk reduction. In 2019, the New Zealand Red Cross piloted the Good and Ready initiative in Auckland,Aotearoa New Zealand, with the objective to empower local people in resilience building with a focus on volunteers and community participation. this research examined the positive and negative outcomes of Good and Ready and investigated volunteers' experiences in the disaster resilience initiative. It involved the codesign of a questionnaire-based survey using participatory methods with Good and Ready volunteers, the dissemination of the survey to gather volunteers' viewpoints, and a focus group discussion with participatory activities with Red Cross volunteers. The findings highlight that a key challenge lies in finding a balance between a program that provides flexibility to address contextual issues and fosters communities' ownership, versus a prescriptive and standardized approach that leaves little room for creativity and self-initiative. It pinpoints that supporting volunteers with technical training is critical but that soft skills training such as coordinating, communicating,or facilitating activities at the local level are needed. It concludes that the sustainability of Good and Ready requires understanding and meeting volunteers' motivations and expectations and that enhancing partnerships with local emergency management agencies would strengthen the program.

关键词： Community-based approach Disaster risk reduction New Zealand Participation Volunteers

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A Novel Supercapacitor Degradation Prediction Using a 1D Convolutional Neural Network and Improved Informer Model

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Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems 2024年第4期9卷 51-68页

作者： Hao Zhang Zhenxiao Yi le Kang Yi Zhang Kai Wang the College of Materials Science and Engineering Xi’an University of Science and Technol-ogyXi’an 710054China the School of Electrical Engineering Qingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China the School of Energy Sciences and Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China

Safety and reliability are crucial for the next-generation supercapacitors used in energy storage systems,while accurate prediction of the degradation trajectory and remaining useful life(RUL)is essential for analyzing degradation and evaluating performance in energy storage *** study proposes a novel data processing and improved one-dimensional convolutional neural network(1D CNN)-informer framework for robust RUL *** data preprocessing,all data from two structures are adjusted to a unified format,and cross-entropy loss is used to couple the 1D CNN and ***,the minimum-maximum feature scaling method is used for normalization to accelerate the training process in reaching the minimum cost function.A relative position encoding algorithm is introduced to improve the Informer model,enabling it to better learn the sequence relationships between data and effectively reduce prediction *** data in dif-ferent working conditions are used to validate the proposed *** with other existing methods,the maximum root mean square error is reduced by 32.71%,the mean absolute error is reduced by 28.50%,and R^(2) is increased by 4.79%.The strategy considers the complementarity between two single models,which can extract features and enrich local details,as well as enhance the model’s global perception *** experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model achieves high-precision and robust RUL prediction,thereby pro-moting the industrial application of supercapacitors.

关键词： Supercapacitors remaining useful life convolution neural network transformer informer

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Polygonatum kingianum rhizome extract alleviates collagen antibody-induced arthritis by modulating proinflammatory cytokine production in mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2020年第11期10卷 490-495页

作者： Huyen Do thi Thanh Phuong Ngo thi Hien Nguyen thi thu Nga Nguyen thi Hung le Ngoc Thao Dothi Ha le Minh Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHanoiVietnam Institute of Natural Products Chemistry Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHanoiVietnam Hanoi Open University101 Nguyen Hien str Hai Ba Trung Dist.HanoiVietnam Laboratory of Bioassay Institute of BiotechnologyVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHanoiVietnam Chemistry Lab Project Center for Research and Technology transferVietnam Academy of Science and Technology18 Hoang Quoc VietNghia DoCau GiayHanoiVietnam

Objective: To evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of Polygonatum kingianum rhizome extract using both in vitro and in vivo ***: Lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages were treated with an ethanol extract of Polygonatum kingianum rhizomes at different concentrations to determine nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2(PGE2) production. For in vivo study, Polygonatum kingianum ethanol extract was further investigated for its antiinflammatory effect in a mouse model with collagen antibodyinduced arthritis. Phytochemical study of Polygonatum kingianum ethanol extract was also ***: Saponins(142 mg/g total yield) was the main component in the Polygonatum kingianum ethanol extract. 5α,8α-ergosterol peroxide,(E,E)-9-oxooctadeca-10,12-dienoic acid and 3-(2?-hydroxy-4?-methoxy-benzyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-8-methyl-chroman-4-one were isolated from the extract. Polygonatum kingianum ethanol extract exhibited potential anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting nitric oxide and PGE2 production in RAW 264.7 cells in a dosedependent manner. The level of arthritis in mice with collagen antibody-induced arthritis was significantly reduced(Pleukin-6, and interleukin-10 in treated ***: Polygonatum kingianum ethanol extract has beneficial effects on inflammatory cytokine regulation and PGE2 inhibition in an experimental mouse model with collagen antibody-induced arthritis. The phytochemical screening reveals that the saponin, as the main component, and sterols(daucosterol and 5α,8α-ergosterol peroxide) from Polygonatum kingianum ethanol extract may contribute to its promising in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities.

关键词： inflammatory cytokine PGE2

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